scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts of Secondary Metabolites from Bacterial Endophytes Associated with Dicoma anomala

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sephokoane Cindy Makuwa ◽  
Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Concentration

Endophytic bacteria isolated from medicinal plants are recognized valuable sources of novel bioactive compounds with various activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral. In this study, eleven bacterial endophytes were isolated from surface sterilized roots and leave tissues, of medicinal plant Dicoma anomala. The bacterial endophytes were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, and belong to five genera viz Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, and Pantoea. The dominant genera were Bacillus with five strains, Staphylococcus with two strains, and Stenotrophomonas with two strains. The crude extracts of seven selected bacterial endophytes indicated antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Klebsiella oxytoca (ATCC 13182), with significant inhibition concentration ranging from 0.312 mg/ml to 0.625 mg/ml. Finally, based on the data analysis of the crude extracts of the endophytes, we identified bioactive secondary metabolites with reported biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties with biotechnological applications in medicine, agriculture, and other industries. This study reported for the first time bacterial endophytes associated with D. anomala, with antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of extracellular metabolites from antagonistic bacteria isolated from potato (Solanum phureja) crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinar David Granada García ◽  
Antoni Rueda Lorza ◽  
Carlos Alberto Peláez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cyclic Peptide ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Extracellular Metabolites

Microorganisms for biological control are capable of producing active compounds that inhibit the development of phytopathogens, constituting a promising tool toob tain active principles that could replace synthetic pesticides. This study evaluatedtheability of severalpotentialbiocontrol microorganismsto produce active extracellular metabolites. In vitro antagonistic capability of 50 bacterial isolates from rhizospheric soils of "criolla" potato (Solanum phureja) was tested through dual culture in this plant with different plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Isolates that showed significantly higher antagonistic activity were fermented in liquid media and crude extracts from the supernatants had their biological activities assessed by optical density techniques. Inhibitory effecton tested pathogens was observed for concentrations between 0.5% and 1% of crude extracts. There was a correlation between the antimicrobial activity of extracts and the use of nutrient-rich media in bacteria fermentation. Using a bioguided method, a peptidic compound, active against Fusarium oxysporum, was obtained from the 7ANT04 strain (Pyrobaculum sp.). Analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography coupled to mass detector evidenced an 11-amino acid compound. Bioinformatic software using raw mass data confirmed the presence of a cyclic peptide conformed by 11 mostly non-standard amino acids.

scholarly journals Secondary Metabolites from Leaves of Polyalthia lateriflora and Their Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4353-4358
Author(s):  
Saripah Salbiah Syed Abdul Azziz ◽  
Ahmed Kareem Obaid Aldulaimi ◽  
Saadon Abdulla Aowda ◽  
Yuhanis Mhd Bakri ◽  
Ali Arkan Majhool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

The study aimed to isolate and identify the phytochemical components of Polyalthia lateriflora leaves and evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Six well-known compounds, including three triterpene lupeol (1) betulinic acid (2), β-Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside (3) and three oxoaporphine alkaloids O-methylmoschotaline (4), liriodenine (5) and atherosperminine (6). Structural elucidation of compounds were established through spectroscopic techniques such as 1D and 2D NMR (1H and 13C, DEPT, COSY, NOESY, HMBC, HMQC), IR and LC-MS. The isolated compounds and crude extracted were tested for their antibacterial potential against several microorganisms including P. aeruginosa, E. coli, s, S. aureus, B. subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its showed significant inhibition toward the organisms species with different concentration range.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SEAWEEDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasikala C ◽  
Geetha Ramani D
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Objective: Secondary metabolites from natural resources are a potential source of antimicrobial leads and drugs can exploited to combat antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. Seaweeds are considered as a valuable source with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hence, this study was undertaken to screen seaweeds from Mandapam coastal waters, East coast of India, for antimicrobial activity.Methods: Compounds were extracted using methanol from the seaweeds, namely, Halimeda gracilis, Caulerpa serrulata, Sargassum swartzii, Sargassum wightii, Jania rubens, Ulva lactuca, Ulva fasciata, Gracilaria corticata, Stoechospermum marginatum, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Chaetomorpha crassa, Enteromorpha flexuosa, and Turbinaria ornate. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens.Results: In the present study, S. swartzii, J. rubens, and S. marginatum showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the test bacterial pathogens. Among these, the maximum activity was exhibited by S. swartzii against Enterococcus faecalis (27.00 ± 0.88) and Streptococcus pyogenes (23.00 ± 0.84), followed by J. rubens against E. faecalis (26.00 ± 0.56) and S. pyogenes (22.00 ± 0.75), and S. marginatum exhibited significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (15.00 ± 0.22) and S. pyogenes (18.00 ± 1.16).Conclusion: These seaweeds with significant antibacterial activity will subjected to phytochemical screening to find out the potential active principle responsible for antimicrobial activity. It is followed by purification and characterization of the compounds for possible application in drug formulation, can take this to large-scale application in pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Partial Purification and Characterization of Albain 1, a Triterpene with Antimicrobial Activity, from the Wood Extract of Avicennia alba Blume

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Moumita Choudhury ◽  
Kalishankar Mukherjee ◽  
Arnab De ◽  
Amalesh Samanta ◽  
Amit Roy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Avicennia Alba

Secondary metabolites of plants are important resources for development of new drugs. Mangrove plants are very well known sources of wide variety of secondary metabolites. Many of these secondary metabolites from mangroves have been found to possess significant biological activities where human health is concerned. Avicennia alba Blume is one such mangrove plant with reports of having many such secondary metabolites of clinical and commercial interests. Aim: To evaluate antimicrobial activity potential of A. alba wood extract and to isolate new bioactive constituent(s) responsible for such biological activity. Methodology: Preliminary screenings of antimicrobial activities in different organic solvent extracts of A. alba wood tissue were done by TLC-bioautography method and phytochemical nature of the antimicrobial constituent(s) in the extracts have been studied. One compound exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity, named as Albain 1, has been isolated. MIC value has been determined for Albain 1. The purity and structure of Albain 1 have been determined by HPLC, 1H NMR, FTIR and HRMS etc. analysis. Results: 1H NMR, FTIR and HRMS analysis have found out that the isolated compound Albain 1 is a triterpene and the molecular formula is C30H48O4. It has exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus pumilas (MIC 125 μg / ml). Conclusion: The observed antimicrobial activity of the isolated fraction of A. alba offer great potentials in pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME SELECTED NEPALESE MEDICINAL PLANTS AND ISOLATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FROM CALLICARPA MACROPHYLLA

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
KHAGA RAJ SHARMA ◽  
KHEMINDRA RANA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Bauhinia Purpurea

Objective: The main objectives of this study was to analyze the phytochemicals, determine the total flavonoid content, brine shrimp toxicity, antibacterial activity, evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic activities of nine medicinal plants Callicarpamacrophylla, Bauhinia purpurea, Plumeriarubra, Girardiniadiversifolia, Acacia nilotica, Woodfordiafruticosa (Bark) Woodfordiafruticosa (flower), Terminaliaalata, and Premnabarbata. Methods: The cold percolation method was adopted for the extraction of secondary metabolites in methanol. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed by colour differentiation methods. The radical scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antidiabetic activity was performed by α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity. The chemical constituent was isolated by column chromatography from the biologically active plant fraction. Results: The phytochemical investigation has shown plants are the rich source of secondary metabolites as quinones, saponins, terpenoids and glycosides. Among the nine tested plants, Terminaliaatalia showed the highest radical scavenging activity 96.41±0.47 with IC50 value 6.353 µg/ml, followed by Girardiniadiversifolia 97.26±0.67 with IC50 value 11.52 µg/ml whereas ascorbic acid has 39.85 µg/ml as standard. Bauhinia purpurea showed significant inhibition to the α-amylase enzyme having inhibitory concentration IC50 17.05±13.00 SD in a dose-dependent manner. Woodfordiafruticosa demonstrated significant toxicity to A. salina with LC50 value of 457.08 µg/ml. Callicarpamacrophylla bark showed a potential inhibitory activity against the growth of Straphylococcusaureus as compared to standard chloramphenicol. Active plant extract of Callicarpamacrophylla was subjected for column chromatography. Conclusion: Out of nine plant samples Terminaliaatalia showed the highest radical scavenging activity. The plant extract of Bauhinia purpurea showed significant inhibition to the α-amylase enzyme inhibition. Woodfordiafruticosa demonstrated significant toxicity to A. salina, whereas Callicarpamacrophylla showed the potent antibacterial activity. The active plant extract was subjected for column chromatography and different fractions were collected in solvent polarity basis. Conclusion: The phytochemical investigations showed that plant extracts are the rich sources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, polyphenols, coumarins and reducing sugars which showed they are supposed to be responsible for different biological activities. IC50 values showed the varied degree of antioxidant property of which Plumeriarubra and Acacia nilotica exhibit good antioxidant property with IC50 value close to the standard ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Secondary metabolites, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the leaf extracts of Acacia rigidula benth. and Acacia berlandieri benth.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cavazos ◽  
David Gonzalez ◽  
Jocelyn Lanorio ◽  
Ruby Ynalvez
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Acacia Berlandieri ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Acacia Rigidula ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

AbstractThe use of plants as sources for novel antimicrobial as well as antioxidant agents offers advantages. Plants are readily accessible and inexpensive, extracts or compounds from plant sources often demonstrate high level of biological activities. Previous studies have reported antibacterial and antifungal activities within the Fabaceae family that included Acacia species. This study aims to determine presence of antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, and the secondary metabolites of sequential solvent extracts (acetone, methanol, and acetic acid) of Acacia berlandieri and Acacia rigidula leaves. The antibacterial activity was investigated using a disc diffusion assay. The ferric thiocyanate method was used to assess the ability of all extracts to prevent oxidation. Qualitative phytochemical tests, NMR, IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy were done to identify potential secondary metabolites. P. alcalifaciens (p < 0.001), E. faecalis (p < 0.01), S. aureus (p < 0.001), and Y. enterocolitica (p < 0.001) were significantly inhibited by A. rigidula extracts when compared to A. berlandieri extracts. A. rigidula’s acetone extract exhibited the significantly (p < 0.001) highest inhibition of peroxidation, 42%. Qualitative phytochemical tests showed positive results for presence of phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and tannins. NMR, IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed chemical structures found in flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and tannins, supporting the results of qualitative phytochemical tests. A. berlandieri and A. rigidula leaf extracts have revealed presence of medicinally valued bioactive components. The results of this study provide a basis for further investigations of the A. rigidula leaf extracts. A. rigidula leaf extracts have the potential to serve as a source of novel antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cytotoxic, Phytotoxic, Insecticidal, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities ofGeranium wallichianum

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Javid Hussain ◽  
Arif-ullah Khan ◽  
Abdul Latif Khan ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Varied Degree ◽  
Inhibition Studies

The present study describes the phytochemical investigations of the crude extracts of rhizomes and leaves ofGeranium wallichianum. The crude extracts were fractionated to obtainn-hexane, ethyl acetate, andn-butanol fractions, which were subjected to different biological activities and enzyme inhibition assays to explore the therapeutic potential of this medicinally important herb. The results indicated that the crude extracts and different fractions of rhizomes and leaves showed varied degree of antimicrobial activities and enzyme inhibitions in different assays. Overall, the rhizome extract and its different fractions showed comparatively better activities in various assays. Furthermore, the purified constituents from the repeated chromatographic separations were also subjected to enzyme inhibition studies against three different enzymes. The results of these studies showed that lipoxygenase enzyme was significantly inhibited as compared to urease. In case of chemical constituents, the sterols (2–4) showed no inhibition, while ursolic acid (1) and benzoic ester (6) showed significant inhibition of urease enzymes.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lecithin free egg yolk protein preparation hydrolysates obtained with digestive enzymes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zambrowicz ◽  
Marta Pokora ◽  
Ewelina Eckert ◽  
Marek Szołtysik ◽  
Anna Dąbrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Yolk Protein ◽  
Bacillus Species

Several biological activities have now been associated with egg protein- derived peptides, including antihypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities, highlighting the importance of these biopeptides in human health, and disease prevention and treatment. Special attention has been given to peptides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as a new source of natural preservatives in food industry. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the egg-yolk protein by-product (YP) hydrolysates were evaluated based on their radical scavenging capacity (DPPH), Fe2+chelating effect and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Furthermore, antimicrobial properties of obtained hydrolysates against Bacillus species were studied. The degrees (DHs) of hydrolysis for 4h hydrolysates were: 19.1%, 13.5% and 13.0%, for pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin, respectively. Pepsin was the most effective in producing the free amino groups (1410.3 μmolGly/g). The RP-HPLC profiles of the protein hydrolysates showed differences in the hydrophobicity of the generated peptides. Trypsin hydrolysate obtained after 4h reaction demonstrated the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (0.85 µmol Troloxeq/mg). Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysates obtained after 4h reaction exhibited 4 times higher ferric reducing capacity than those treated by pepsin. The hydrolysis products obtained from YP exhibited significant chelating activity. The 4h trypsin hydrolysate exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis B3; B. cereus B512; B. cereus B 3p and B. laterosporum B6. Keywords: Antioxidative activity, DPPH, peptides, hydrolysis, egg-yolk protei

Chemical screening and biological activities of extracts from Cistus munbyi Pomel

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fethi Benbelaïd ◽  
Abdelmounaїm Khadir ◽  
Yacine Benziane ◽  
Asma Bennaissa ◽  
Mourad Bendahou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Chemical Screening

Background: Cistus munbyi Pomel is a well-known medicinal plant in Western Algeria for its several applications in medicine and food. This endemic species to North Africa is poorly studied among the genus of Cistus, which gives the opportunity to carry out original pharmacological studies to value this medicinal plant. Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activities of Cistus munbyi, an endemic medicinal plant to Algeria. Methods: The antioxidant properties of C. munbyi crudes extracts were evaluated using the DPPH radical-scavenging activity tests. While their antimicrobial activity was studied by the agar diffusion method and MICs determination against eighteen bacterial and fungal strains, some of which were clinical. Results: The obtained results showed that aqueous and ethanol extracts possess a strong scavenging activity against DPPH radicals with EC50 values estimated at 1.12 and 8.31 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, extracts from C. munbyi revealed homogeneous and good antimicrobial activity, in which the inhibition zone diameters observed were ranging from 08 to 19 mm, and the MICs values were included between 0.312 and 5.000 mg/mL. Aqueous extract was the less active except against Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that C. munbyi possess a strong antioxidant activity and an interesting antimicrobial potential, which allow justifying its uses by the local population in several applications. Therefore, C. munbyi could be as a good source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Diverse Types of Greek Honey against Nosocomial and Foodborne Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5801
Author(s):  
Christina Tsadila ◽  
Marios Nikolaidis ◽  
Tilemachos G. Dimitriou ◽  
Ioannis Kafantaris ◽  
Grigoris D. Amoutzias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates

It has been suggested that microorganisms present in honey are a potential source of antimicrobial compounds. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria from 46 Greek honey samples of diverse botanical and geographical origin and to determine whether these bacteria demonstrate antibacterial activity against five important nosocomial and foodborne pathogens. In total, 2014 bacterial isolates were obtained and screened for antibacterial activity. Overall, 16% of the isolates inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, 11.2% inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, 10.2% inhibited the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium and 12.4% of the isolates affected the growth of Citrobacter freundii. In total, 316 isolates that inhibited the growth of more than two of the tested pathogens were grouped by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene amplicon. Fifty of them were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The majority, 62% of the isolates, belonged to the genus Bacillus. Only 10% of the isolates were identified as Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, in several bacterial isolates, genes encoding polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases that catalyze the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites which might contribute to the exerted antimicrobial activity, were detected. This study demonstrates that honey microbiota exerts antimicrobial activity and is a putative source of secondary metabolites against important nosocomial and food pathogens that warrants further investigation.

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