scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SEAWEEDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasikala C ◽  
Geetha Ramani D
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Objective: Secondary metabolites from natural resources are a potential source of antimicrobial leads and drugs can exploited to combat antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. Seaweeds are considered as a valuable source with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hence, this study was undertaken to screen seaweeds from Mandapam coastal waters, East coast of India, for antimicrobial activity.Methods: Compounds were extracted using methanol from the seaweeds, namely, Halimeda gracilis, Caulerpa serrulata, Sargassum swartzii, Sargassum wightii, Jania rubens, Ulva lactuca, Ulva fasciata, Gracilaria corticata, Stoechospermum marginatum, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Chaetomorpha crassa, Enteromorpha flexuosa, and Turbinaria ornate. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens.Results: In the present study, S. swartzii, J. rubens, and S. marginatum showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the test bacterial pathogens. Among these, the maximum activity was exhibited by S. swartzii against Enterococcus faecalis (27.00 ± 0.88) and Streptococcus pyogenes (23.00 ± 0.84), followed by J. rubens against E. faecalis (26.00 ± 0.56) and S. pyogenes (22.00 ± 0.75), and S. marginatum exhibited significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (15.00 ± 0.22) and S. pyogenes (18.00 ± 1.16).Conclusion: These seaweeds with significant antibacterial activity will subjected to phytochemical screening to find out the potential active principle responsible for antimicrobial activity. It is followed by purification and characterization of the compounds for possible application in drug formulation, can take this to large-scale application in pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals A Synthesis of Substituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazole, Pyrazole Deravatives and It’s Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 260-269
Author(s):  
Alphonsus D’souza ◽  
Prashant Nayak ◽  
Prasanna Shama Khandige ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Standard Medication ◽  
Inhibition Studies

Aim: Nicotine Substituted  1,3,4 Oxadiazole and pyrazole moieties were integrated by utilizing hydrazide as halfway .Oxadiazole were acquired by two techniques one is by utilizing PoCl3 within the sight of fragrant corrosive ,other is by utilizing carbon disulphide in the presence ofpotassium hydroxide as an impetus .Pyrazoles were likewise gotten by ehtylacetoacetate we acquired unrefined item and again it was recrystallized by utilizing alcohol.All incorporated mixtures were evaluated for Antibacterial activity  and enaminones showed promising action against standard medication ciprofloxacin. Methods: TLC on silica gel G was used to check for homogeneity of the title compound. H NMR, Mass, and IR Spectra were used to characterise these compounds, and their antibacterial activity was tested. Results: All of these compounds, including nicotine substituted ester, hydrazide, 1,3,4 Oxadiazole, and pyrazole, showed antibacterial activity. The maximum activity of enaminones was comparable to that of the standard drug ciprofloxacin (5mcg). Compound1 showed potent antimicrobial activity Conclusion: In the zone of inhibition studies, all six samples at MIC concentrations showed reasonable antimicrobial activity Compound1 showed very good antimicrobial activity

scholarly journals Thymus mastichina: Composition and Biological Properties with a Focus on Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Márcio Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Clara Lopes ◽  
Filipa Vaz ◽  
Melanie Filipe ◽  
Gilberto Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Thymus mastichina has the appearance of a semishrub and can be found in jungles and rocky lands of the Iberian Peninsula. This work aimed to review and gather available scientific information on the composition and biological properties of T. mastichina. The main constituents of T. mastichina essential oil are 1,8-cineole (or eucalyptol) and linalool, while the extracts are characterized by the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes. The essential oil and extracts of T. mastichina have demonstrated a wide diversity of biological activities. They showed antibacterial activity against several bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella subsp., methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes EGD, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas, among others, and antifungal activity against Candida spp. and Fusarium spp. Additionally, it has antioxidant activity, which has been evaluated through different methods. Furthermore, other activities have also been studied, such as anticancer, antiviral, insecticidal, repellent, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion, considering the biological activities reported for the essential oil and extracts of T. mastichina, its potential as a preservative agent could be explored to be used in the food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Partial Purification and Characterization of Albain 1, a Triterpene with Antimicrobial Activity, from the Wood Extract of Avicennia alba Blume

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Moumita Choudhury ◽  
Kalishankar Mukherjee ◽  
Arnab De ◽  
Amalesh Samanta ◽  
Amit Roy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Avicennia Alba

Secondary metabolites of plants are important resources for development of new drugs. Mangrove plants are very well known sources of wide variety of secondary metabolites. Many of these secondary metabolites from mangroves have been found to possess significant biological activities where human health is concerned. Avicennia alba Blume is one such mangrove plant with reports of having many such secondary metabolites of clinical and commercial interests. Aim: To evaluate antimicrobial activity potential of A. alba wood extract and to isolate new bioactive constituent(s) responsible for such biological activity. Methodology: Preliminary screenings of antimicrobial activities in different organic solvent extracts of A. alba wood tissue were done by TLC-bioautography method and phytochemical nature of the antimicrobial constituent(s) in the extracts have been studied. One compound exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity, named as Albain 1, has been isolated. MIC value has been determined for Albain 1. The purity and structure of Albain 1 have been determined by HPLC, 1H NMR, FTIR and HRMS etc. analysis. Results: 1H NMR, FTIR and HRMS analysis have found out that the isolated compound Albain 1 is a triterpene and the molecular formula is C30H48O4. It has exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus pumilas (MIC 125 μg / ml). Conclusion: The observed antimicrobial activity of the isolated fraction of A. alba offer great potentials in pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals The Assessment of antimicrobial activity of cerumen (earwax) and antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria isolated from ear pus samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iffat Naz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The present study is focused on the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of cerumen and antibiotics against bacteria isolated from ear pus samples. Thus, a total of 50 ear pus samples were collected from infected patients using sterile swabs and were screened using pure culture techniques. Total of 04 different bacterial isolates were identified while, the prevalence data revealed that Pseudomonas spp., were dominant (58%, n = 29) among isolated bacteria followed by Staphylococcus spp., (22%, n = 11), Escherichia coli (14%, n = 7) and Proteus spp., (6%, n = 3). Further, bioassay revealed that Pseudomonas spp., and Staphylococcus spp., were most sensitive to Clindamycin (94.73%) while displayed resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin. Similarly, E. coli and Proteus spp., were most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (92.8-95.21%) as compared to the other antibiotics. Moreover, antibacterial activity of cerumen was also assessed against test organisms and its maximum activity was observed against Pseudomonas spp., (90% equivalent to Clindamycin potency) and Staphylococcus spp., (60% equivalent to Amoxicillin potency) while least effective against E. coli (36%) and Proteus spp., (22%). Thus, it was concluded that the antibacterial activity of cerumen might be due to the presence of potential chemicals i.e. flavonoids and terpenoids.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts of Secondary Metabolites from Bacterial Endophytes Associated with Dicoma anomala

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sephokoane Cindy Makuwa ◽  
Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Concentration

Endophytic bacteria isolated from medicinal plants are recognized valuable sources of novel bioactive compounds with various activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral. In this study, eleven bacterial endophytes were isolated from surface sterilized roots and leave tissues, of medicinal plant Dicoma anomala. The bacterial endophytes were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, and belong to five genera viz Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, and Pantoea. The dominant genera were Bacillus with five strains, Staphylococcus with two strains, and Stenotrophomonas with two strains. The crude extracts of seven selected bacterial endophytes indicated antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Klebsiella oxytoca (ATCC 13182), with significant inhibition concentration ranging from 0.312 mg/ml to 0.625 mg/ml. Finally, based on the data analysis of the crude extracts of the endophytes, we identified bioactive secondary metabolites with reported biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties with biotechnological applications in medicine, agriculture, and other industries. This study reported for the first time bacterial endophytes associated with D. anomala, with antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENT ANTIMICROBIAL SECONDARY METABOLITE GENERATED FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM JAMBLANG PLANT ( Eugenia cumini L)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Shirly Kumala ◽  
Ng Vini Aprilia ◽  
Partomuan Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diffusion Method

Objective: Colletotrichium capsici endophytic fungi isolated from Jamblang plant (Eugenia cumini  L).  The secondary metabolites of this plant has the potent antibacterial efficacy  as well as diarrheal and anti-diabetic. This research focussed on isolation of the endophytic microbes from branches of Jamblang plants and their secondary metabolites.Methods: Isolation of endophytes were performed in PDA(potato dextrose agar) using direct seed plant. Endophytic fungi isolates with strongest antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli were fermented in Potato Dextrose Yeast (PDY) to produce  large scale of the metabolites.  Supernatant was extracted with ethyl acetate solvent. Ethyl acetate extract fractionated by column chromatography (SiO3, n-hexane- ethyl acetate = 50:1 ~ 1:1) and obtained three fractions. Further, agar diffusion method was performed to assess their anti-microbial activity.Results:  Antibacterial  test  results  indicated that fraction III had  the antibacterial  activity Staphylococcus aureus with  inhibition zone diameter  of 10.7 mm but no observed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.  Furthermore, identification  by GC-MS showed that compounds present in fraction III was mainly fatty acid and phenolic compounds.Conclusion:  In conclusion, secondary metabolites isolated from Jamblang plants branches contained predominantly fatty acid and phenol related compounds that could be responsible for its potent anti microbial activity. Keywords : Endophytic fungi, Jamblang (Eugenia cumini L.), antimicrobial activity

A multifunctional shape-adaptive and biodegradable hydrogel with hemorrhage control and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity for wound healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 6930-6945
Author(s):  
Lingling Gao ◽  
Jingjie Chen ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Qing Song ◽  
Jingjing Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Injectable Hydrogel ◽  
Oxidized Dextran ◽  
Biodegradable Hydrogel

An injectable hydrogel wound dressing based on an oxidized dextran and ε-poly-l-lysine network has multiple biological activities.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME IMPORTANT SPICES

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Kapilan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range

Wide range of plant extracts are used for medicinal purposes as they are very cheap, efficient, harmless and do not cause any side effects. Spices are parts of different plants and they add special aroma and taste to the food preparations. The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of some important naturally grown spices against gram positive and gram negative pathogenic bacteria. Antibacterial activity of the spices was tested against gram positive bacteria Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic and liquid nutrient extracts. Among all the extracts tested alcoholic extracts of Cardamom (Elettaria cardamom), clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) and lemongrass (Cymbopogoncitratus) showed maximum antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria while alcoholic extract of Cardamom (Elettaria cardamom) and lemongrass (Cymbopogoncitratus) showed maximum activity against gram positive bacteria. All the spices tested in this study proved that they have antibacterial activity and the maximum activity index (1.39) was exhibited by the ethanol extract of cardamom against E.coli.

Design, Synthesis, Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Docking Studies of New Thiazole-based Chalcones

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Tratrat ◽  
Michelyne Haroun ◽  
Iakovos Xenikakis ◽  
Konstantinos Liaras ◽  
Evangelia Tsolaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Better Than

Background:Thiazole derivates as well as chalcones, are very important scaffold for medicinal chemistry. Literature survey revealed that they possess wide spectrum of biological activities among which are anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial.Objectives:The current studies describe the synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of twenty eight novel thiazole-based chalcones.Methods:The designed compounds were synthesized using classical methods of organic synthesis. The in vivo evaluation of antimicrobial activity was performed by microdilution method.Results:All compounds have shown antibacterial properties better than that of ampicillin and in many cases better than streptomycin. As far as the antifungal activity is concerned, all compounds possess much higher activity than reference drugs bifonazole and ketoconazole. The most sensitive bacterial species was B. cereus (MIC 6.5-28.4 µmol × 10-2/mL and MBC 14.2-105.0 µmol × 10-2/mL) while the most resistant ones were L. monocytogenes (MIC 21.4-113.6 µmol × 10-2/mL) and E. coli (MIC 10.7- 113.6 µmol × 10-2/mL) and MBC at 42.7-358.6 µmol × 10-2/mL and 21.4-247.2 µmol × 10-2/mL, respectively. All the compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against the three resistant strains, MRSA, P. aeruginosa and E.coli. with MIC and MBC in the range of 0.65-11.00 µmol/mL × 10-2 and 1.30-16.50 µmol/mL × 10-2. Docking studies were performed.Conclusion:Twenty-eight novel thiazole-based chalcones were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The results showed that these derivatives could be lead compounds in search of new potent antimicrobial agents. Docking studies indicated that DNA gyrase, GyrB and MurA inhibition may explain the antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antibacterial Activity ofLactobacillus plantarumStrains Isolated from Two Different Kinds of Regional Cheeses from Poland: Oscypek and Korycinski Cheese

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ołdak ◽  
Dorota Zielińska ◽  
Anna Rzepkowska ◽  
Danuta Kołożyn-Krajewska
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Protective Cultures

Oscypek and korycinski are traditional Polish cheeses, exclusively produced in Tatra and in Podlasie region, respectively, produced from raw, unpasteurized milk. The 29Lactobacillus plantarumstrains were isolated on MRS agar from 12 cheese samples and used as a material for study. The main purpose of the work was to assess the antimicrobial properties and recognition of selected strains for the unique antagonistic activity and preservation role in food. It has been found that the highest antimicrobial activity was observed in the case ofL. monocytogenesstrains; however, the level of that activity was different depending on theLb. plantarumstrain. Strains from oscypek produced broad spectrum, and a few strains isolated from korycinski cheese produced a narrow spectrum of antimicrobial compounds, other than organic acids and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the antagonistic activity shown byLb. plantarumstrains is connected with the source from which a given strain was isolated. Strains isolated from oscypek cheese represented stronger activity againstL. monocytogenes, whereas strains isolated from korycinski cheese were more active againstE. coli. StrainsLb. plantarumOs13 and Kor14 could be considered as good candidates for protective cultures to extend durability of food products.

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