scholarly journals ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND SCIENCE IN THE WESTERN UKRAINE (XVIII - XIX CENTURY)

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
I. A. Prokop ◽  
T. V. Savaryn
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Education Development ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The research analyses the history of development and organization of medical educational establishments in the Western Ukraine in the second half of XVIII–XIX century. The article discusses the method of analysing bibliographic catalogues, classification and systematization of primary sources in History of Medicine and Pedagogy, and chronological method that identifies the establishment and development of medical education during different historical periods. The paper describes the structure of medical education system in the Western Ukraine in the second half of XVIII–XIX century and summarizes available data about professional and scientific activity of the outstanding Ukrainian doctors of this period. The main characteristics of medical education development in the mentioned historic period are: gradual increase in the number of medical establishments, medical departments, faculties, and students; improvement and transformation of medical personnel education and training.

scholarly journals Historical aspects of the medical education system transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
I. N. Kagramanyan ◽  
A. I. Tarasenko ◽  
I. A. Kupeeva ◽  
O. O. Yanushevich ◽  
K. A. Pashkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Care System

The history of medical and pharmaceutical education development is part of the social history. The quality of medical personnel training determines the efficiency of the entire health care system and has been a priority area of development throughout the history of the Russian state. The paper reflects the main stages of the medical education system development in the period from the 17th century to the present. The training of medical personnel in Russia began in the second half of the 17th century, when, under the Pharmaceutical Order, a medical school was established in 1654to train doctors for the needs of the army.The need to provide qualified medical personnel remains relevant, both in wartime and in peacetime. The reforms of medical education that have been taking place over the centuries make it possible to diversify educational programs, as well as the to introduce new educational technologies, considering modern requirements and global trends. The study of the historical aspects of domestic medicine determines a more competent approach to the development of the health care system and medical education.

scholarly journals The contribution of Kharkiv University scientists to the development of historical and legal science (first half of the XIX century)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-303
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Grechenko
Keyword(s):  
German Law ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
University Scientists

In the article, the author, based on the methodological principles of historicism, objectivity, systematics, explored the specific achievements of Kharkiv University scientists, who worked in the first half of the XIX century, in the formation and development of science History of State and Law. Their scientific works, in accordance with the main trend in the genesis of this science at that time, were centered around the law of Kyiv Rus and, in particular, the content of the Rus’ka Pravda (Russian Truth). This area of their activity is studied insufficiently in the scientific literature, both domestic and foreign. This is due to the fact that the main contribution to the development of these issues was made in the second half of the XIX century – then a significant number of works on this topic was published, which provided an opportunity for their systematic analysis. The activity of scientists of this university in the first half of the XIX century concerns the period of formation of historical and legal science. Hence the main shortcomings of their work: a certain fragmentation in the coverage of problems, a narrow historiographical base, the hypothetical nature of some theses. Professor Uspenskyi was the first who started working on the history of law at Kharkiv University and considered the question of “the antiquity of Russian laws and their dignity”. At that time, scholars of many universities in the empire had to prove the authenticity of the Rus’ka Pravda and those laws that was not yet generally accepted. O. Kunitsyn, a professor of Kharkiv University, also expressed some doubts in this, although he cannot be attributed entirely to the supporters of the “skeptical school” in Russian historiography. O. Paliumbetskyi made the most significant contribution to the development of historical and legal science at that time at Kharkiv University. He conducted one of the first comparative studies of Old German and Old Rus law, convincingly showed their differences, some influence of German law on Russian, which he considered insignificant. Quite thorough and one of the best was his study of treaties between Rus and Byzantium in the X century. Based on the provisions of these agreements, the scientist made a successful attempt to determine the essence of some of Old Rus laws, in particular on revenge, compensation to the victim and court evidence. Most of his arguments were tested over time and are not disputed by modern scientists. Scientists-lawyers of Kharkiv University in that period did not form a separate scientific school, as happened at the University of Kyiv due to the activities of M. Ivanishev, but they worked in line with the then prevailing paradigms in Russian historiography, and made a certain contribution to the formation of historical and legal science. Therefore, their scientific activity deserves further study.

scholarly journals DYBINTSY FAIENCE FACTORY OF COUNTS BRANITSKY IN THE KIEV PROVINCE IN THE LIGHT OF THE GIVEN PRIMARY SOURCES

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-402
Author(s):  
O. V. Shkolna
Keyword(s):  
First Grade ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Turkish Woman ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
First Time ◽  
Existing Data

Article is devoted ordering of existing data about competitive Kyivo-Mezhigorskoj to faience factory to Dibinetsky faience factory of counts Branitsky in an area of the Kyiv province. The majority of materials is introduced in scientific use for the first time, that allows to reconsider separate sections from a history of development of the Ukrainian faience of its time of «the gold period», namely 19th centuries. The list of products amazes. Services from white faience of the first grade on 4 roubles, soup vases of «the English style» with printing drawing on 7 roubles 10 copeck and 20 copeck painted on 9 roubles, flowerpots of a new style «Lily» 30 copeck painted on 4 rouble the Sculpture «the Young lion, the Lamb and the Dog» were the most expensive things from this register «Goat» cost on 30 copeck for a piece in the sealed up kind, 40 in painted, no less than. «Partridge» in last type of a decor — is almost twice more expensive, 75 copeck for a piece. Banks pharmaceutical — from 5 copeck for a piece, pots on 10 copeck for a piece, smoking tubes-«stambulki» («Turkish woman») and a bowl for salad on 15 copeck for a piece were the cheapest among products of the first grade.

scholarly journals Formation of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education (1930–1938)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 908-915
Author(s):  
E. B. Kaymashnikova ◽  
E. S. Genina ◽  
S. P. Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Central Institute ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Training Professional

This article presents the history of the formation of the State Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education, the present-day Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Moscow). This study involved documents found in the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation. The problem statement is the first of is kind in Russian historiography. The paper contains a detailed description of the early years of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education (1930–1938). It also outlines the main directions of the Institute activity during the period in question, e.g. correspondence courses for doctors from remote regions. The authors investigated the personnel issue in the context of historical reconstruction. They demonstrated the key challenges that the institution had to face and address in its early days. The analysis proved that the Institute provided invaluable experience in training professional medical personnel in the shortest time possible under difficult historical conditions.

scholarly journals SERHII YEFREMOV’S COOPERATION WITH THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PRESS: MEMORIAL RECEPTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Halych
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
And Function ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of

The subject of the study is the cooperation of S. Efremov with Western Ukrainian periodicals as a page in the history of Ukrainian journalism which covers the relationship of journalists and scientists of Eastern and Western Ukraine at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Research methods (biographical, historical, comparative, axiological, statistical, discursive) develop the comprehensive disclosure of the article. As a result of scientific research, the origins of Ukrainocentrism in the personality of S. Efremov were clarified; his person as a public figure, journalist, publisher, literary critic is multifaceted; taking into account the specifics of the memoir genre and with the involvement of the historical context, the turning points in the destiny of the author of memoirs are interpreted, revealing cooperation with Western Ukrainian magazines and newspapers. The publications ‘Zoria’, ‘Narod’, ‘Pravda’, ‘Bukovyna’, ‘Dzvinok’, are secretly got into sub-Russian Ukraine, became for S. Efremov a spiritual basis in understanding the specifics of the national (Ukrainian) mass media, ideas of education in culture of Ukraine at the end of XIX century, its territorial integrity, and state independence. Memoirs of S. Efremov on cooperation with the iconic Galician journals ‘Notes of the Scientific Society after the name Shevchenko’ and ‘Literary-Scientific Bulletin’, testify to an important stage in the formation of the author’s worldview, the expansion of the genre boundaries of his journalism, active development as a literary critic. S. Yefremov collaborated most fruitfully and for a long time with the Literary-Scientific Bulletin, and he was impressed by the democratic position of this publication. The author’s comments reveal a long-running controversy over the publication of a review of the new edition of Kobzar and thematically related discussions around his other literary criticism, in which the talent of the demanding critic was forged. S. Efremov steadfastly defended the main principles of literary criticism: objectivity and freedom of author’s thought. The names of the allies of the Ukrainian idea L. Skochkovskyi, O. Lototskyi, O. Konyskyi, P. Zhytskyi, M. Hrushevskyi in S. Efremov’s memoirs unfold in multifaceted portrait descriptions and function as historical and cultural facts that document the pages of the author’s biography, record his activities in space and time. The results of the study give grounds to characterize S. Efremov as the first professional Ukrainian-speaking journalist.

scholarly journals High Quality Development of Comprehensive University Medical Education In China: Problems And Path In The New Era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaochun Lv ◽  
Hanjun Song ◽  
Lulu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Comprehensive University ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Comprehensive Universities ◽  
New Era ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education In China

Abstract Background: In the new era, the situation of medical education in China has undergone significant and profound changes. Medical universities not only carry the historical mission of providing multidisciplinary talent support for the modernization of education, but also are endowed with the tasks and requirements of holding high quality medical education and promoting the construction of Health China. Objective To state the theory of medical education in the new era, this paper analyzes the problems existing in medical education of China's comprehensive universities, and gives the countermeasures and ideas of medical education development. Method: By using literature research, illustrating with examples, conclusion and reasoning methods to analyze and illustrate.Result: This paper interprets the connotation of high-quality development of medical education in the new era, thinks about the current situation features of domestic medical education such as the multilateral exploration of management mode of comprehensive university medical education, lists the main problems in medical education, and discusses the ideas and countermeasures to solve these problems in the future.Conclusion: The reform and development of medical education need to further improve the top-level design, and obtain the understanding and support from stakeholders. The comprehensive university should consider putting medical personnel training in the vision of Health China construction. Under the guidance of the national macro policy of holding high-level undergraduate education, it is imperative to persist in problem-oriented principle and make efforts to reform, using information technology to promote the sharing of educational resources among schools and form a synergy in medical education.

Transformation of the regulatory and legal framework of labor debut of a medical university graduate

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Yurevna Vyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Education System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
New Era ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Active Formation

The regulatory and legal framework in the field of education includes multifaceted social relations that affect various areas of interaction within the medical education system. The history of the development of medical education in Russia goes back several centuries and largely determines modern approaches to its implementation. Within the framework of the implementation of the laws of the new era, the active formation and development of the medical education system is underway. At the same time, the transformation of the regulatory landscape of the medical specialist's activity indicates the state's interest in the development of the industry and the improvement of personnel policy in the healthcare sector.

The history of medical education: a commentary on race

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Yasmeen Daher ◽  
Evan T. Austin ◽  
Bryce T. Munter ◽  
Lauren Murphy ◽  
Kendra Gray
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Black Physicians ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
History Of Race

Abstract The institution of medicine was built on a foundation of racism and segregation, the consequences of which still permeate the experiences of Black physicians and patients. To predict the future direction of medical inclusivity, we must first understand the history of medicine as it pertains to race, diversity, and equity. In this Commentary, we review material from publicly available books, articles, and media outlets in a variety of areas, including undergraduate medical education and professional medical societies, where we found an abundance of policies and practices that created a foundation of systemic racism in medical training that carried through the career paths of Black physicians. The objective of this Commentary is to present the history of race in the medical education system and medical society membership, acknowledge the present state of both, and offer concrete solutions to increase diversity in our medical community.

scholarly journals History of development of pedagogical skill in Russia: an outside perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Andrei Aleksandrovich Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Russian Education

This peer review analyzes a monograph “Pedagogical Skill in Russia: history, theory, practice (mid XVIII – XX centuries” by L. A. Milto published in Ukrainian language in Kiev (2008). The goal of peer review lies in familiarization of the Russian language experts in the area of history of education and national pedagogical thought with a new perspective upon the development of pedagogical practice in Russia for the period of two and a half centuries. Modesty of the edition (300 printed copies) and language of publication makes the book virtually unreachable for the Russian audience. The review of the presented monograph is carried out in the context of retrospective analysis of the entire Ukrainian scientific school of pedagogical art. It is underlined that this research represents a worthy development of ideas of the academician I. A. Zazyun. Novelty of the monograph consists in viewing the evolution of Russian education in the aspect of determination of pedagogical findings, approaches of pedagogical art of school teachers and university pedagogues. Of special relevance is the analysis of memoir literature on the lecturing skill of the prominent Russian professors of the XIX century and pedagogical activity of theatrical pedagogues, stage directors and actors of the early XX century. L. A. Milto’s monograph greatly contributes to the history of development of the national pedagogy.

scholarly journals THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL EDUCATION IN ELISAVETGRAD REGION IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Olena Vasiutynska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Further Development

The article reveals the history of the origin and organization of educational institutions for the training of medical workers in Elisavetgrad region in the second half of the XIX century. It was found that the history of medical education was a prominent page in the history of Elisavetgrad region of the pre-revolutionary period. In medical schools, in particular in the Elisavetgrad Medical and Surgical School (1787-1797), which was one of the best medical institutions in the Russian Empire and the first higher medical school in the empire of the historical period, which used original approaches to the educational process, effectively solved educational problems. The aims of the article are to reveal the history of the origin and organization of educational institutions for the training of medical workers in Elisavetgrad region in the second half of the XIX century. The publication uses a historical-retrospective method, which allows a retrospective analysis of the history of Elisavetgrad Medical and Surgical School in the study period and highlights its contribution to the development of medical education in the region. Historiographical review of the problem revealed that there are currently no scientific studies that would systematically and fully analyze the historiography of medical education in Elisavetgrad in the period under study, so the development of medical education in the second half of the nineteenth century needs further study. Analysis and systematization of research on this issue has further development. The accumulated experience of regional medical education in the outlined historical period can be useful at the stage of revival and development of medical education in Ukraine.

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