Breeding of Standard Rose ‘Pinky Luna’ with a Fragrance, and Pastel Color of Pale Pink for Cut Flowers

Consumer behavior research seems to play an big role in determining the wants and needs of an industry. This research helps to shape the way we market to the consumers and helps make marketing strategies more effective. In the 1950s grocery stores began to sell horticulture products in order to alleviate the growers' surplus. Supermarkets now have seem to found their niche in this market due to the fact that they can influence their consumers to buy their flowers right along with their bread, and get all of their shopping done at once. This new type of sale, commonly referred to as the impulse sale, can relate directly to how well the store is merchandised and maintained. A study was conducted at a local supermarket, to determine the following: good locations for impulse sales items, special conditions affecting impulse sales items, and what types of things could affect demand for impulse items. It was discovered that certain locations make better sales than other locations. Locations that were front and center and allowed easy access to seeing the mixed flower bouquet without having to touch it yielded the best results. The variables used to show a change in demand showed little to some variability and has raised some questions which may be used to conduct future research.

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Contract Growing for the Export-oriented Cut Flowers Industry in Turkey

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.531a ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 531a-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robin G. Brumfield ◽

Burhan Ozkan ◽

Osman Karagüzel

Keyword(s):

Performance Indicators ◽

Price Setting ◽

Production Structure ◽

Cut Flower ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Product Price ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Flower Production ◽

Specific Performance ◽

Insight Into

Thirty cut flower businesses were surveyed in 1997 to examine the production structure and main problems of export-oriented contract growing in Turkey. The survey was conducted in Antalya province, which is the center of export-oriented cut flower production in Turkey. The results of the research provided insight into how Turkish cut flower-contracted growers were managing some of the key areas of their operations. The study also provided the opportunity for growers to highlight their concerns about contract growing for export-oriented cut flower production. The survey showed that contract growers do not use specific performance indicators relevant to cut flower production. The product price received by the contract growers was determined by the export companies. These export companies receive flowers from growers mainly on consignment. After exporting the products, exporters periodically pay the grower, subtracting a commission for their services and other marketing expenses. Contract growers are essentially price takers in the transactions. The business procedure from production to price setting and marketing was not in the hands of the contract growers. Therefore, the trading risks are essentially borne by the contract growers. The main concerns raised by contract growers were the current consignment system, cost of the plant materials, and the late payment for the sold products.

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Exogenous 5-azaCitidine accelerates flowering and external GA3 increases ornamental value in Iranian Anemone accessions

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86940-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vahideh Yari ◽

Zeynab Roein ◽

Atefeh Sabouri

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Flower Longevity ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Stem Height ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Potted Plants ◽

Dormancy Period ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Pre Treatment

AbstractThe Anemone genus is a tuberous geophyte which undergoes a dormancy period during unfavorable environmental conditions for growth. Five species of the Anemone genus naturally grow in several regions of Iran. The diverse uses of Anemone in gardens for landscaping, cut flowers, and potted plants indicate its high ornamental potential. Its dormancy and flowering are influenced by various factors. The present paper was conducted to explore the flowering behavior of Anemone accessions in response to different pre-treatments. For this purpose, tubers of 18 Anemone accessions (A. coronaria and A. biflora) were collected from natural regions of six provinces in Iran. These tubers were subjected to different conditions of non-chilling (20 °C, 90 days), chilling (4 °C, 90 days), GA3 (150 mgL-1; 24 h), and 5-azaCitidine (5-azaC; 40 µM; 24 h) prior to the cultivation. Most of the accessions were able to enter the flowering stage without chilling. The shortest period for the sprouting of tubers (16.89 ± 7.83 days) belonged to 5-azaC pre-treatment. In addition, this treatment accelerated the flowering time (about 30 days earlier) and diameter of the stem, bud, and flower. Morphological characteristics, such as stem height, number of leaves, bud, and petal and the longevity of flowers on the plant were significantly affected by GA3 pre-treatment. Our results indicated a positive correlation between flower length, stem height, and stem diameter with flower longevity under different pre-treatment conditions. The present study demonstrated that accessions Anm3, Anm12, and Anm18 had ornamental values higher than the population mean across four conditions.

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Genome-Wide Analysis and Characterization of the Aux/IAA Family Genes Related to Floral Scent Formation in Hedychium coronarium

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20133235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 3235 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yanguo Ke ◽

Farhat Abbas ◽

Yiwei Zhou ◽

Rangcai Yu ◽

Yuechong Yue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Family ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Floral Scent ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Flower Opening ◽

Hedychium Coronarium

Auxin plays a key role in different plant growth and development processes, including flower opening and development. The perception and signaling of auxin depend on the cooperative action of various components, among which auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) proteins play an imperative role. In a recent study, the entire Aux/IAA gene family was identified and comprehensively analyzed in Hedychium coronarium, a scented species used as an ornamental plant for cut flowers. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Aux/IAA gene family in H. coronarium is slightly contracted compared to Arabidopsis, with low levels of non-canonical proteins. Sequence analysis of promoters showed numerous cis-regulatory elements related to various phytohormones. HcIAA genes showed distinct expression patterns in different tissues and flower developmental stages, and some HcIAA genes showed significant responses to auxin and ethylene, indicating that Aux/IAAs may play an important role in linking hormone signaling pathways. Based on the expression profiles, HcIAA2, HcIAA4, HcIAA6 and HcIAA12, were selected as candidate genes and HcIAA2 and HcIAA4 were screened for further characterization. Downregulation of HcIAA2 and HcIAA4 by virus-induced gene silencing in H. coronarium flowers modified the total volatile compound content, suggesting that HcIAA2 and HcIAA4 play important roles in H. coronarium floral scent formation. The results presented here will provide insights into the putative roles of HcIAA genes and will assist the elucidation of their precise roles during floral scent formation.

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24-Epibrasinolide Modulates the Vase Life of Lisianthus Cut Flowers by Modulating ACC Oxidase Enzyme Activity and Physiological Responses

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050995 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 995

Author(s):

Mohammad Darvish ◽

Habib Shirzad ◽

Mohammadreza Asghari ◽

Parviz Noruzi ◽

Abolfazl Alirezalu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Oxidase Activity ◽

Acc Oxidase ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Vase Life ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Oxidase Enzyme

Ethylene is the most important factor playing roles in senescence and deterioration of harvested crops including cut flowers. Brassinosteroids (BRs), as natural phytohormones, have been reported to differently modulate ethylene production and related senescence processes in different crops. This study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on ACC oxidase enzyme activity, the final enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis pathway, vase life, and senescence rate in lisianthus cut flowers. Harvested flowers were treated with EBL (at 0, 3, 6, and 9 µmol/L) and kept at 25 °C for 15 days. The ACC oxidase activity, water absorption, malondialdehyde (MDA) production and vase solution absorption rates, chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, and the vase life of the flowers were evaluated during and at the end of storage. EBL at 3 µmol/L significantly (p ≤ 0.01) enhanced the flower vase life by decreasing the ACC oxidase activity, MDA production and senescence rates, and enhancing chlorophyll and anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation, relative water content, and vase solution absorption rates. By increasing the concentration, EBL negatively affected the flower vase life and postharvest quality probably via enhancing the ACC oxidase enzyme activity and subsequent ethylene production. EBL at 6 and 9 µmol/L and in a concentration dependent manner, enhanced the ACC oxidase activity and MDA production rate and decreased chlorophyll and anthocyanin accumulation and water absorption rate. The results indicate that the effects of brassinosteroids on ethylene production and physiology of lisianthus cut flowers is highly dose dependent.

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Blue Light Improves Vase Life of Carnation Cut Flowers Through Its Effect on the Antioxidant Defense System

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.00511 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mostafa Aalifar ◽

Sasan Aliniaeifard ◽

Mostafa Arab ◽

Mahboobeh Zare Mehrjerdi ◽

Shirin Dianati Daylami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Vase Life ◽

Defense System ◽

Cut Flowers

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Horticultural techniques to improve Celosia plumosa growth for cut flowers

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/0304-4238(95)00811-7 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 63 (3-4) ◽

pp. 209-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ron Porat ◽

Eitan Shlomo ◽

Abraham H. Halevy

Keyword(s):

Cut Flowers

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Interception of weevils on cut flowers from South Africa by Korea plant quarantine

Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity ◽

10.1016/j.japb.2017.08.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 527-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wonhoon Lee ◽

Jung-Hoon Hwang ◽

Jong-Ho Lee ◽

Ki-Jeong Hong

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Plant Quarantine

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Understanding preferences of German flower consumers: the desire for sustained beauty

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management ◽

10.1108/ijrdm-10-2017-0229 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 560-576

Author(s):

Meike Rombach ◽

Nicole Widmar ◽

Elizabeth Byrd ◽

Vera Bitsch

Keyword(s):

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Consumer Preferences ◽

Federal State ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Cut Flower ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Content Type ◽

Relative Preference ◽

Best Worst Scaling

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insights for flower retailers, horticultural practitioners and marketing managers into the prioritisation of cut flower attributes by German residents.Design/methodology/approachApplying a best–worst scaling approach, this analysis identified the relative ranking of importance amongst product attributes relevant to German consumers when buying fresh cut flowers. A latent class analysis determined four flower consumer segments for further study. The study builds on a sample of 978 consumers and is consistent with the most recent German census in terms of age, gender, income and federal state.FindingsThe best-worst analysis showed that intrinsic flower attributes, in particular appearance, freshness and scent were found to be more important to German consumers than the extrinsic attributes studied, namely, price, country of origin and a certification indicating fair trade. The latent class analysis determined four consumer segments that desire either budget, luxury or ethical flowers or more information about flowers. For all identified consumer segments, appearance was the attribute of greatest importance. The segments that desired luxury or ethical flowers, as well as the segment that desires more information were interested in appearance, but also had relatively large shares of preferences dedicated to flower freshness guarantees. The preference for freshness guarantees in addition to appearance may be interpreted jointly as a desire for not only beautiful and aesthetically pleasing flowers, but for sustained beauty.Originality/valueInternationally, the study fills a research gap by exploring consumer’s relative preference for cut flower attributes. In contrast to existing studies on consumer preferences for flowers in Germany, the present study builds on a sample that was targeted in terms of age, gender, net household income and federal state to the most recent German census.

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