The Use of Internal Governance in the Renewed Kibbutz as a Tool for Social Maintenance and Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Yael Sade ◽  
Eyal Lewin
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
General Public ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Collapse Of Communism

Abstract The kibbutzim were established over a century ago, obtaining their power from communist and socialist ideologies. In spite of enormous changes, all over the world as well as in Israel, particularly the collapse of Communism and the rise of a capitalistic liberal Western lifestyle, the kibbutzim have maintained their basic social structure. Consequently, the question this research examines is what exactly are the social mechanisms that have enabled this continuity over the years. The answer that this article presents focuses on internal governance as a democratic apparatus. Given that the study of internal governance is an accepted method, the authors surveyed internal governance documents that relate to education and that are openly presented to the general public on the renewal kibbutzim sites. The authors fostered a holistic model developed by Rosenthal (1980), in order to indicate the exact roles of internal governance. Their findings establish the concept that internal governance proves to be a good option for community development and preservation. However, there seems to be a lack of awareness of the possibility of using internal governance more widely as a factor that contributes to the development and preservation of the kibbutz.

scholarly journals Poetry as a Social Document: The Social Position of the Arab Woman as Reflected in the Poetry of Nizâr Qabbânî

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-494
Author(s):  
Arieh Loya
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Arab Woman ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Nomadic Life ◽  
Social Document

No other people in the world, perhaps, have given more information in their poetry on their cultural and social life than have the Arabs over the centuries. Many years before the advent of Islam and long before they had any national political organization, the Arabs had developed a highly articulate poetic art, strict in its syntax and metrical schemes and fantastically rich in its vocabulary and observation of detail. The merciless desert, the harsh environment in which the Arabs lived, their ever shifting nomadic life, left almost no traces of their social structure and the cultural aspects of their life. It is only in their poetry – these monuments built of words – that we find such evidence, and it speaks more eloquently than cuneiform on marble statues ever could.

Colonization, Decolonization, and Power: Ruptures and Critical Junctures Out of Dominance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Liu ◽  
Felicia Pratto
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
National Identity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
The Impact

Colonization and decolonization are theorized at the intersection of Critical Junctures Theory and Power Basis Theory. This framework allows human agency to be conceptualized at micro-, meso-, and macro-levels, where individuals act on behalf of collectives. Their actions decide whether critical junctures in history (moments of potential for substantive change) result in continuity (no change), anchoring (continuity amid change with new elements), or rupture. We apply this framework to European colonization of the world, which is the temporal scene for contemporary social justice. Several critical junctures in New Zealand history are analyzed as part of its historical trajectory and narrated through changes in its symbology (system of meaning) and technology of state, as well as the identity space it encompasses (indigenous Māori and British colonizers). The impact of this historical trajectory on the social structure of New Zealand, including its national identity and government, is considered and connected to the overarching theoretical framework.

Class, inequality and community development: editorial introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mae Shaw ◽  
Marjorie Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Class Inequality ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In contexts across the world, community development is being rediscovered as a cost-effective intervention for dealing with the social consequences of global economic restructuring that has taken place over the last half century. This chapter introduces the term ‘community development’ and its plurality of meanings, as well as introducing the ways in which community development can be used to address inequality. The authors pose that class should be central to an analysis of inequality and the ways in which it is framed by community development strategies. The chapter then goes on to give a more detailed explanation of the terms ‘class’ ‘inequality’ and ‘community development’ and how they interplay with one another. The chapter concludes by giving a description of the layout of the remainder of the book.

Living with Disasters: Perspectives on the (Re-)Production of Knowledge

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Swee ◽  
Zuzana Hrdličková
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
General Public ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
Consequent Increase

Although communities around the world have been experiencing destructive events leading to loss of life and material destruction for centuries, the past hundred years have been marked by an especially heightened global interest in disasters. This development can be attributed to the rising impact of disasters on communities throughout the twentieth century and the consequent increase in awareness among the general public. Today, international and local agencies, scientists, politicians, and other actors including nongovernmental organizations across the world are working toward untangling and tackling the various chains of causality surrounding disasters. Numerous research and practitioners’ initiatives are taking place to inform and improve preparedness and response mechanisms. Recently, it has been acknowledged that more needs to be learned about the social and cultural aspects of disasters in order for these efforts to be successful (IFRC 2014).

Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chomel (1671–1740): A Case Study in Problems Relating to the Social Status of Scientists in the Early Modern Period

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-322
Author(s):  
David Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practice Of Science

Consider this statement: the practice of science influences and is influenced by the civilization within which it occurs. Or again: scientists do not pursue their activities in a political or social void; like other people, they aspire to make their way in the world by responding to the values and social mechanisms of their day. Set in such simple terms, each statement probably would receive the assent of most scholars interested in the history of science. But there is need for debate on the nature and extent of the interaction between scientific activity and the civilization which incorporates it, as there is on the relations of scientists to the society within which they live. This essay seeks to make a contribution mainly to the second of these topics by taking a French scientist and academician of the eighteenth century and studying him and his family in the light of certain questions. At the end there will be a discussion relating those questions or themes to the wider debate. There is an associated purpose to the exercise: to present an account of the social origins and formation of Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chomel (botanist, physician and member of the Academic des Sciences) which will augment our knowledge of this particular savant.

scholarly journals A Discourse Analysis of Canadian PM’s Speech after New Zealand Christchurch Mosque Shootings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
General Public ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Persuasive Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Characterization

We use language for different purposes that are mostly related to the social practices in different contexts and perspectives. Discourse analysis is one of the disciplines which examines the use of language from different perspectives to reach a possible understanding of the discourse. This paper is also an attempt to analyze language used in a particular context and perspective to understand and expose some constructed realities. The objective of this study is to examine the Canadian PM’s moral and ideological standpoint, his commitment to show solidarity with the grieved community, his determination to eradicate terrorism and his linguistic characterization of terrorism that he confirmed in his speech in the House of Common on March 18, 2019 after the Christchurch Mosque Shootings in New Zealand. The analysis is based on Fairclough’s conceptions in CDA. It claims that ideologies and texts are interrelated, and it is not possible to break this link between ideologies and texts because the texts can be interpreted in maximum possible ways. This study analyzes the components of ideology and persuasion used in Justin Trudeau’s speech to reveal his commitment and persuasive strategies against terrorism, and it gives new hopes to the targeted communities worldwide as well as the general public. He tried to ensure the public that they are not alone because the world leaders and the heads of the states are unconditionally united to eradicate worldwide terrorism.

Children at Risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Canan Yildiz Çiçekler ◽  
Devlet Alakoç Pirpir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Divorced Families ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Children’S Exposure

Children's exposure to many risk factors such as; need for protection, living on the streets, working, abuse and neglected, pushed into crime, exposed to violence, obliged to immigrate due to war, living under socio-economic disadvantageous conditions, having chronic diseases, being a disabled child and living in divorced families can arise from both their families and from the social structure. Throughout the world, many children live at risk due to various reasons. Irrespective of the reasons, which risk group the children enter and the factors causing this situation should be examined. According to the obtained data, the factors causing to such situations should be determined and necessary precautions should be taken. Thus, the negative conditions, under which the children are, can be improved and the children can be reintegrated into society.

Apologies, Redemption, and Repair

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica M. Emerich
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Social World ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Real Work

This chapter deals with the healed self, contextualized as united with the natural world, moving toward its reconciliation with the third arm of the holistic model of health—the social world. First, there are apologies and confessions to be made by industrialists and consumers who have recognized the “Consequences of Modernity”and their own roles in those results. LOHAS is a capitalist endeavor but also attempts to position itself as resistant to those processes, and as such it must articulate “LOHASians” as ultimately powerful in themselves to change the course of late capitalism and consumer culture. There are instructions on how to say you're sorry and move on to the real work of mopping up the mess. As part of this, LOHAS narratives tell us to remain positive, but also that older notions of desire and ideals of happiness afloat in the culture were off course. By situating individual consumers and producers as capable of bringing about sweeping social transformation, LOHAS not only sustains consumer culture, but also contextualizes it as the locus for the healing of the world.

Dumézil's Tripartite Ideology: Some Critical Observations

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gonda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
The Comparative Study

In a long series of important and stimulating publications Georges Dumézil has for almost half a century not only re-established a complex of theories with regard to the comparative study of ancient Indo-European mythology, but also applied a modernized comparative method. In investigating the foundations of the Indo-European socio-religious conceptions he bases his arguments and conclusions, it is true, to a certain extent on linguistic data, but these are always amplified and corroborated by a thorough consideration of the social structure, religious beliefs and ritual institutions of the ancient Indians, Romans, Germans, Celts and Greeks. Especially these last thirty-five years his work is of great originality in that he has founded and developed the theory of the trois fonctions, of the “three fundamental activities which the groups of priests, warriors and producers must fulfil and assure in order to maintain their community”. In this theory it is not the tripartite social organization of the prehistoric Indo-Europeans that is emphasized, but the principle of classification, the ideology to which, in Dumézil's opinion, this organization has given rise. Being reflected in the groupings of, and mutual relations between, the divine powers and in the very structure of Indo-European mythology and view of the world it is here again the ideological rather than the strictly sociological aspects that invite the reader's attention.

scholarly journals Professionalization Processes in the Context of Modernization of the Social Structure of Russian Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-104
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Ermolaeva ◽  
◽  
Elena Y. Ivanova ◽  
Elena M. Kolesnikova ◽  
Valeriy A. Mansurov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociology Of Professions ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychology Pedagogy

The object of abcomprehensive interdisciplinary research (Sociology, Economics, History, Psychology, Pedagogy, Management, Law, etc.) is about study the problems of social adaptation and functioning of various professional groups in the process of modernizing the social structure of Russian society and impact of social processes on their viability. The relevance of the research is due to the rapidly changing and increasingly complex processes of forming the professional structure of Russian society under the influence of external factors (instability of the world socio-political systems, the crisis of the world economy, the prospects for resolving contradictions between global and national ways of development of States, Informatization and digitalization of social communications, the increase in conflicts of interests between subjects of the labor process) and internal factors (features of the modern national labor market, disproportionality of the distribution of productive forces on the territory of Russia, demographic problems; changes in the motivational vector of the choice of professional trajectory of young people, ineffective reform of the system of secondary and higher education). The work carried out in 2019 is devoted to the study of changes in status positions and the implementation of cultural, political and educational capital by representatives of the engineering, pedagogical, medical community, environmentalists and online specialists in the context of changes in the social structure of abmodernizing society. The most significant areas of activity were: assessment of the quality and prospective role of engineering education as abtechnological basis for the effectiveness of modernization processes in the economy; considering proforientation events as part of government policy in abperspective of staffing modernization processes; analysis of the role of Informatization of computerization and digitalization as the realities of the developing information society, shaping new relations of production and specifics of communication in society at all stages of formation or extinction of occupational groups. The results of the research deserve the attention of specialists who study the social structure of society, can be useful for preparing abcourse of lectures on the sociology of professions and professional groups, as well as for managers at various levels involved in education, labor relations and information technology.

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