The Phenomenology of Sigmund Freud

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick J. Wertz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Relational Theory ◽  
Natural Attitude ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Theory Of Meaning ◽  
Scientific Truth

AbstractThe convergences in approach between Freud's psychoanalysis and Husserl's phenomenology are elaborated. These include philosophical roots in Brentano's teachings; the primacy of direct observation over construction and theory; a conviction about the irreducibility of mentality to nature; the project of a "pure" psychology; the bracketing of theories, preconceptions, and the natural attitude; the necessity of self-reflection and empathy; a relational theory of meaning; receptivity to human subjects as teachers; and the methodological value of fiction for scientific truth. It is argued that divergences between psychoanalytic and phenomenological theory have obscured profound agreement in the approach, subject matter, and methods of these two schools of psychology.

Thinking Outside the Body: New Materialism and the Challenge of the Fetish

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Green
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Materialism ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Intellectual Tradition ◽  
The Way

Fetishism has become such a key concept within Western thought, largely as a result of the work of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud, that it is easy to forget its origins. But the notion of fetishism originates in a very different context, and in many ways, an incommensurable system of thought—animism. Returning to this submerged backstory, I deploy the concept of the fetish to confront the recent enthusiasm for materiality that has emerged in response to current environmental crises. New materialism considers matter to have a liveliness not dependent on human subjects. This paper considers what divides “vital materialism” from the “animist materialism” that continues to structure everyday experience in a range of contexts in Africa and elsewhere and investigates the way in which fetishism, within the intellectual tradition of animism, alerts us to the strange ephemeralness of the avowed materialism of the new materialist project.

scholarly journals “It unsticks your mind”: Using a musicians’ masterclass to introduce oncology faculty and trainees to the practice of direct observation and coaching

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sanatani ◽  
Kylea Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Competency Based Medical Education ◽  
Major Task ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Effective Catalyst ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Competency Based

Bringing faculty to a realization of the importance of direct observation is a major task during the transition to competency-based medical education. Musicians generally already endorse a strong coaching culture. We included a live cello masterclass in an oncology faculty and trainee workshop in order to demonstrate coaching and feedback. Based on participant post-event interviews, the musical masterclass was a highly effective catalyst for self-reflection in regards to teaching practices and lead to new and revised perspectives on observation and coaching in medicine.  With just a musician-trainee, music coach, and faculty moderator, this effective demonstration can be easily replicated.

Discipline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure

For literary theory, discipline is caught tantalizingly between its meaning as a verb and as a noun. Since the work of Foucault, in particular, one is accustomed to thinking of discipline as a structure and process of power. Individual disciplines, of course, tell their own story, but their specific constellations in education offer a snapshot of priorities (social, economic, and cultural) that are symptomatic well beyond their putative subject matter. The idea of training in knowledge goes back to the ancient world, whose models still maintain an influence in the present, although this may well depend on cultural precedents within particular languages and histories. In general, disciplines emerged in modernity and are overdetermined in a number of ways, including but not limited to: transformations in thought (the Renaissance, for instance); formations of state (that can provide an institutional infrastructure); and economic imperatives (knowledge more literally as an accumulation axiom in capitalism, for instance). Disciplines remain indices in the production and maintenance of human subjects, but there are many kinds of challenges (within disciplines, interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, etc.) that presage a rethinking of what disciplines are and can be in the present.

REFLEKSI RUPA JIWA

JOGED ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Mila Rosinta Totoatmojo
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Process Creation ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Psyche

In the era of a fast technological and communication’s advancement, people feels that the worldincreasingly narrowed, as if there is no limit of space and time. The awareness squeezed by everything isgetting closer, and led to act promptly, quickly, and instant. The world seems like a folded or compressed.Man forcing himself to do something with the minimizing quality. What it does have a profound loss ofmeaning. Man is losing his roles as personal (self-reflection) and social (social reflection).The creation of the dance is set from fashion’s manner of self reflection in a front of mirror.In the stepsof process creation of this workbased on Creativity and Choreography. Creativity approach is used in thecreation of art can not be separated from the process of thinking and working creatively, through this way ofthinking and approach a creative work will be built.The second approach is the choreography, which is usedas the foundation in aspects of behavior and other visuals.Artworks " Refleksi Rupa Jiwa /The Reflection Face of Soul" is an exploration of the human psycheneeds to fullfil its personal and social aspects. Its actualization is the result of self-reflection upon thepersonal need as well as social, ie as a dialectic results on both. Corresponding with Sigmund Freud whichis differentiate the human psyche in the id, ego, and super ego, then by self-reflection human will discoverhis/her true identity in fullfil the basic needs of self-satisfaction and lust. In a reflection of social life, peopleare faced with the reality of such as: social relations, ethics, norms, and religion, which sometimes felt as animpediment to fullfil a personal satisfaction and lust. Balance between a self-fulfillment to a fulfilling ofpublic needs on social scope will produce a moral value, in concept of super ego so-called conscience.Key words: self-reflection, social reflection, moral value.

scholarly journals Husserl’s Early Theory of Intentionality as a Relational Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Marchesi
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Relational Theory ◽  
Early Theory ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Logical Investigations

This paper examines Husserl’s theory of intentionality as it is developed inLogical Investigationsand other early writings. In Section 1, the author attempts to capture the core of Husserl’s concept of intentionality. Section 2 is devoted to a detailed analysis of the account of intentional relation developed in the fifthInvestigation. In Section 3, the author tries to flesh out what is meant by the claim in the sixthInvestigationthat the designation ‘object’ is a relative one. In Section 4, the author discusses Husserl’s conception of intentionality in light of the mereology outlined in the thirdInvestigation. In Section 5, the author explains how Husserl criticizes the so-called theory of immanent objects and how he addresses the problem of non-existents. In Section 6, the author argues that a phenomenological theory of intentionality grounded in Husserl’s insights cannot be a non-relational one.

Effective purpose in transnational humanitarian healthcare providers

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna J. Perry, PhD, RN
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Making A Difference

Objective: To advance knowledge regarding the education and support needs of staff deployed to international settings from a US academic medical center (AMC).Design: A qualitative approach rooted in phenomenology called, Transcendental Method for Research with Human Subjects was used. A flexible interview guide was used to guide participants into self-reflection about the decision to participate in global healthcare, educational preparation, field experiences, and return.Setting: The study was conducted at a US AMC.Participants: Sample size was 15 and included nurses, physicians, and therapists who had participated in disaster and/or developmental humanitarian global health deployments. Purposive sampling with a maximum variation approach was used along with snowball sampling. Sample size was determined by reaching horizonal understanding of participants.Main outcome measures: The study sought to elicit and analyze responses from participants in an open-ended manner.Results: Analysis revealed the following seven themes: a) the yearning to relieve suffering, b) getting ready, c) making a difference, d) bad things happening to wonderful people, e) challenging and sustaining factors, f) dialectical alienation, and g) knowing what really matters. The concept of “effective purpose” emerged from interpretation of these themes.Conclusions: Most participants found their experiences to be beneficial and meaningful but faced challenges in the field. Knowledge and skills varied among providers. Education and support are critical for healthcare professionals who engage in transnational healthcare. Recommendations for staff preparation are provided.

A Possible Renowned Referral to Occupational Therapy

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Joseph Busuttil
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
The Subject

The name of Sigmund Freud is synonymous with psychiatry. Like many other pioneers who were deeply engrossed in their work, he suffered from the subject matter that he was dealing with. This article looks at some of the main psychological problems encountered by Freud in mid-life and how an occupational therapist could have helped him.

scholarly journals EFL students’ perception on the use of self-reflection cards for learning English tenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Rosyida Ekawati ◽  
◽  
Iqbal Nurul Azhar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Qualitative Design ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Learning English

This study aimed at implementing self-reflection cards (SRCs) in learning English tenses and also explaining students’ perceptions of the use of SRCs in understanding English tenses. A qualitative design was carried out to conduct the study. It focused on interpreting and understanding students’ perception on learning English tenses. The context of study was two classes who were taking English grammar and structure, in particular for the subject matter of English tenses. English tenses were explained orally in the class before students used SRCs to improve their understanding of using English tenses. Data were collected by distributing the questionnaire to the students who participated in two classes with total number of 57 students.The data were classified based on the repetitive and common forms found to assign criteria to the most important aspects related to the objectives of the study. Results indicated that the majority of students participating in the SRCs gamesagreed to all statements in the distributed questionnaire. However, only small number of students responded to their disagreement or neutrality. The majority of positive responses from students are considered as the indicator that the use of SRCs in learning English tenses was successfully implemented in class.

scholarly journals Student Motivation in Response to Problem-based Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Fukuzawa ◽  
Cleo Boyd ◽  
Joel Cahn
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Traditional Curriculum ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Transferable Skills ◽  
Directed Learning

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a self-directed learning strategy where students work collaboratively in small groups to investigate open-ended relatable case scenarios. Students develop transferable skills that can be applied across disciplines, such as collaboration, problem-solving and critical thinking.  Despite the extensive research on problem-based learning, an examination of variables that affect student engagement through the implementation of PBL is lacking (Savin-Baden, 2014; 2016).  Our research question examined student motivation during problem-based learning implementation in an undergraduate anthropology course (N = 49) with students with diverse subject matter experience and no previous exposure to active learning.  Student motivation was examined through surveys, peer-evaluations, and self-reflection exercises.  The results showed that student motivation was higher in students with more subject matter experience at the beginning of the course. During the course, motivation decreased in relation to subject matter experience, but by the end of the course the majority of students (76.7%) increased their motivation toward problem-based learning.  Based on their subject matter experience, we were surprised that a particular subset of students had low motivation at the end of the course (78%). We discuss some challenges of implementing problem-based learning in a traditional curriculum, and provide suggestions to successfully implement PBL for diverse student populations. 

Introduction. An Introduction to Research Methods in the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ece Özlem Atikcan ◽  
Jean-Frédéric Morin ◽  
Christian Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
Do So

Introducing research methods in the social sciences is not an easy task given how complex the subject matter is. Social sciences, like all sciences, can be divided into categories (disciplines). Disciplines are frequently defined according to what they study (their empirical object) and how they study it (their particular problematization of the object). They are, however, by no means unitary entities. Within each discipline, multiple theories typically contend over the ability to tell provisional truths about the world. They do so by building on specific visions of the nature of the world, reflections on how to generate scientific truth, systematic ways of collecting and analyzing data (methods) and of justifying these methods as part of a coherent research design (methodologies).

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