Phenomenological Research in Schizophrenia: From Philosophical Anthropology to Empirical Science

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Phenomenological Tradition ◽  
Theoretical Issues

AbstractThe subjective experience of schizophrenia, its cause, and its course have been consistent topics of interest within the phenomenological tradition since its inception. After 80 years of study and the efforts of many investigators, however, phenomenological contributions have so far had only a modest impact on current understandings of this disorder. In this article, the author reviews the methodological and theoretical issues involved in the development of a phenomenological approach to understanding schizophrenia. Drawing examples from his own empirical research, the author illustrates the three steps of description, understanding, and explanation required by an application of the phenomenological method to this empirical domain. He then considers obstacles to the acceptance of insights generated through this method by the mainstream psychiatric community. In conclusion, he suggests that the promise offered by a phenomenological approach will most likely be fulfilled when investigators appeal to the phenomenological conviction in intentionality to provide the guidelines for an empirical science of subjective life.

scholarly journals Peran Identifikasi Tokoh Wayang dalam Pembentukan Identitas Diri

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Subandi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological

One of the tasks of human development is to discover its identity. There are many ways a person can find that identity. One of them is through the identification of the idol figure. This study aims to understand the process of identity formation through the identification of shadow puppet figures in the context of Javanese culture. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to understand the process retrospectively. Three main participants were involved in the study. The process of collecting data was done through in-depth interview methods to both the main participants and their significant others. FGD (focused group discussion) is also conducted to explore participants' understanding of their process of identity formation. Data analysis was done by phenomenological method. This study found three main themes, namely interested in shadow puppet figures, matching self-image with puppet characters, and the use of feeling as a bridge between self and the puppet. This study concluded that shadow puppets can be used as a means to find identity among their fans.

scholarly journals An investigation the main internal brand crisis antecedents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 234-247
Author(s):  
Bich Ngoc Do ◽  
Tuan Phong Nham ◽  
Tuyet-Mai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Management Skill ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Crisis Prevention ◽  
Timely Response ◽  
Brand Crisis ◽  
Depth Interviews

To enrich literature of brand crisis causes regards internal perspective, this paper investigates internal brand shortage as crisis antecedents provoking brand fire consequently. Phenomenological approach is adopted using in-depth interviews, key-note seminar and validating by case studies analysis, internal brand crises antecedents were explored based on insights taken from experts in marketing and branding industry. Drafting from the phenomenological research, there are six problems leading to crisis found as follows: lack of human-centred strategy, lack of crisis prevention, lack of market understanding, lack of leadership and management skill, lack of innovation, and lack of quality assurance. These internal antecedents which accumulate to both performance-related and value-related brand crisis. This paper can have explicit implications for marketer, branders and managers, understanding these drivers and its occurrence, business managers are able to scan and analyses crisis situation faster to form timely response to crisis.

scholarly journals The Implication of Caliphate Ideology Movement against the Implementation of Democracy toward Jember Society

FIKRAH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Moh Abd Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
The People ◽  
Result Show ◽  
The Government

<p><span>The internalization of the caliphate ideological movement by several community organizations rolled since the reform era because of the provision public freedom space. One of the organizations that forced to establish the caliphate was Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). This paper tries to reveal the ideology concept in the HTI’s perspective and how they internalize the caliphate<em> </em>movement toward the existence democracy in Jember East Java Indonesia. This research uses a type of empirical research with phenomenological approach. The result show that democracy is essentially represent the government and the supreme power of a state. The system of democratic government follows the principle of government from the people, by the people, and for the people. The movement of caliphate was very influential in undermining the value of democracy is known to be very comprehensive. At this time the movement is expanding to various regions, especially in Jember city in changing the general paradigm of society to follow the ideology.</span></p>

THE TRANSITION FROM LOGICAL POSITIVISM TO PHENOMENOLOGY IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: POLITICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
A.A. KOVALEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Logical Positivism ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Social

The purpose of this study is to study the research potential of the phenomenological approach in the social sciences, which emerged in the first half of the XX century as a critique of the dominant method of logical positivism at that time. The following scientific approaches and methods were used in the article: the method of analysis, description and comparison, as well as the phenomenological approach. The author has made an attempt to prove the significance of phenomenology in the social sciences by means of comparison as a way not only to describe facts, but also to explain motives and unobservable meanings. According to the results of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the solution of urgent problems of society through the practical application of the acquired knowledge about society is possible only if the phenomenological method is actively applied in such a scientific and practical discipline as public administration. This will help to overcome the bureaucratization of the civil service, the isolation of the state administrative apparatus from real social problems, as well as to involve the population itself in the process of public administration, establishing feedback.

Perché la ricerca in psicoterapia non puň esaurire le peculiaritŕ della clinica. Per un'integrazione epistemologica

2009 ◽  
pp. 191-214
Author(s):  
Mauro Fornaro
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Key Words Psychotherapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrate Research

- After having stated that the notion of validation is wider than the notion of empirical verification, the Author stresses that psychotherapy research, though epistemologically necessary, in principle and for factual reasons cannot work as a substitute of all the particularities of clinical experience. This detailed critical analysis is not aimed at condemning empirical research, but at sharpening research methods and techniques, especially considering the dimensions of subjectivity, in order to integrate research with clinical experience. Nevertheless, the programmatic choice of empirical research to use - for reasons of "scientific objectivity" - a point of view which is external to the therapeutic relationship proposes again the gap between an empirical-objective approach (the world how it is) and a phenomenologicalsubjective approach (the world how I feel it and experience it).KEY WORDS: psychotherapy research, epistemology, integration, phenomenological approach, clinical experience

Delusional atmosphere and the sense of unreality

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Ratcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Radical Empathy

In this chapter, I begin by outlining Jaspers’ account of ‘delusional atmosphere’ or ‘delusional mood’, focusing upon the ‘sense of unreality’ that is central to it. Then I critically discuss his well-known claim that certain ‘primary delusions’ or ‘delusions proper’ cannot be understood phenomenologically. I reject that view and instead sketch how we might build upon Jaspers’ insights by developing a clearer, more detailed phenomenological analysis of delusional atmosphere, thus further illuminating how certain delusional beliefs arise. However, I concede that this task poses a particular challenge for empathy, and suggest that a distinctive kind of empathy is required in order to overcome it. I call this ‘radical empathy’. I conclude by considering how we might relate a phenomenological approach along these lines to non-phenomenological research on delusions, and tentatively suggest that recent neurobiological work on ‘predictive coding’ might offer a complementary way of explaining them. I do not claim (or seek) to naturalise the phenomenology through neurobiology, but I at least maintain that there is potential for fruitful commerce between the two.

School stress – Scope of the problem and its symptomatology as perceived by students. Research findings

2018 ◽  
Vol 567 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Półtorak
Keyword(s):  
Middle Schools ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Life ◽  
Excessive Strain ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Empirical Material

The article concerns the problem of school stress. In the first part, theoretical issues are discussed: the most common definitions and understanding of stress, its causes, and effects. School stress is then characterized: its symptoms and main sources are presented as well as the consequences of excessive strain felt by students at school. The assumptions of empirical research on school stress as viewed by students are also presented. The research was conducted through a diagnostic survey on a group of 440 students aged 12–14. The article presents the results of the research on the problem of stress and its intensity in students’ daily school life. The data obtained in the research shows that the students experienced stress with different frequency and intensity. Most of the students experienced average and low levels of stress (ca 40% for each level), and 20% of the students were under high levels of stress. An increased number of highly stressed students was observed in middle schools compared to primary schools. Also, it was noticed that more girls than boys suffered from intense tension. Symptoms of stress – physiological, emotional, empirical, and behavioral ones - declared by the students are also presented. Interpretation and conclusions are made based on the analysis of the empirical material.

A Journey into Caring as Experienced by Nurse Managers

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian C. Turkel,
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Nursing Administration ◽  
Van Manen ◽  
Poetic Expression

The purpose of this phenomenological research was to capture the meaning of caring as experienced by nurse managers during interactions with staff nurses. Data analysis was guided by the phenomenological method (Ray, 1985; van Manen, 1990). Essential themes of growth, listening, support, intuition, receiving gifts, and frustration were described by participants. Variant themes of touch, humor, flexibility, counseling, limitations, and competency also emerged. Interpretive themes of nurses’ way of being, reciprocal caring, and caring moment as transcendence were identified. The unity of meaning, which unfolded, is presented as a poetic expression. Implications for transforming nursing administration into a practice grounded in caring are presented.

A Response to the Attempted Critique of the Scientific Phenomenological Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Know How ◽  
New Research ◽  
Oriented Research

Recently, a book (details are given below) was published, the sole purpose of which was to discourage researchers from using the scientific phenomenological method. The author (Paley, 1997; 1998; 2000) had previously been critical of nurses who had used the scientific phenomenological method but in the new book he goes after the originators of different methods of scientific phenomenological research and attempts to criticize them severely. In this review I defend only the scientific phenomenological method that is strictly based upon the thought of Edmund Husserl. Given the entirely negative project of only critiquing phenomenologically grounded scientific research, one would expect the author to be sensitive to the cautions historians and philosophers of science speak about when one attempts to criticize concepts and procedures that belong to a different research community. Paley, an empiricist, uses empirical criteria to criticize phenomenological work. Moreover, given the entirely negative project of critiquing phenomenologically grounded scientific research one would expect the author to be knowledgeable about phenomenology and the innovative research practices used by a new research community. However, (1) the author has only a thin, superficial understanding of phenomenology (e.g., it is not a technology; Paley, 2017, 109). One gets the impression that he only reads phenomenology in order to critique it. He displays an outsider’s understanding of it which means that his criticisms of it are faulty because he does not know how to think and dwell within the phenomenological framework; (2) he does not understand “discovery-oriented” research and he keeps judging such research according to criteria from the “context of verification” perspective which are the wrong criteria for “discovery-oriented” research; (3) he denigrates and reduces nursing research strategies because he interprets them to be based on pragmatic motivations only. He does not even grant that nurses can have authentic scientific motivations for seeking phenomenologically based methods; (4) he uses unfair rhetorical strategies in the sense that he uses strategies himself that he criticizes when others use them. The review below documents what has been summarized here.

Making Phenomenology Accessible to a Wider Audience

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Halling
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Phenomenological Tradition

AbstractPhenomenological research is of great value to clinicians, policy makers, and ordinary persons because of its distinctive emphasis on making human behavior and experience intelligible with reference to the point of view of the actor. Unfortunately, the phenomenological tradition is not readily accessible to readers who are unfamiliar with it. This article discusses specific ways that researchers within this tradition can reach more of the readers who might benefit from their findings without compromising the integrity of their scholarship.

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