Ghana's Children's Act 560: A Rethink of its Implementation?

AbstractIn 1998 Ghana harmonised its child care legislation to conform to the Convention on the Rights of the Child by enacting the Children's Act 1998, Act 560. Some stakeholders expressed misgivings at its capacity to ensure child protection, but little literature exists on the views of professionals working within the law. This paper presents an investigation of the views of professionals who are mandated to work within the law to ensure the rights of the child to legal protection in Ghana. The findings suggest that there is a gap between legal intent and practice. It is concluded from these findings that for better child protection, the provision of legal rights for children is only an initial step; the administrative framework including better professional training, adequate resources for social care agencies and the establishment of new structures also needs to be reconsidered.

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ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF JUVENILE JUSTICE IN THE ENSURING OF CHILD RIGHTS

Legal horizons ◽

10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i20.p77 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (20) ◽

pp. 77-81

Author(s):

N. Yu. Veselov

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Justice ◽

Social Relations ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Main Body ◽

Criminal Proceedings ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The Law ◽

Keywords Child ◽

Legal Mechanism

Problem setting. Legal regulation is an integral component of the administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the functioning of juvenile justice, through which the state regulates relevant social relations through law and the totality of legal means. Recent research and publications analysis. The following Ukrainian scientists tried to conceptually solve these issues: Ya. Kvitka, V. Levchenko, O. Maksimenko, N. Lesko, I. Ishchenko, O. Navrotsky. Paper objective. The purpose of the study is to obtain scientific and applied results on the presentation of options for legislative support of juvenile justice in other countries and to formulate proposals for improving the administrative and legal regulation of juvenile justice in Ukraine. Paper main body. The analysis of the legislation of other countries indicates that there are several conditional models of legal regulation of the peculiarities of ensuring the rights of the child in the exercise of juvenile justice. This division is based on the following criteria, such as the existence of a law in the country that establishes the general principles of the judicial and extrajudicial, administrative and legal protection of children’s rights; the existence of a separate law on juvenile justice, which codifies all the rules of law that determine the peculiarities of criminal proceedings against children; the existence of a separate law on juvenile justice, but which establishes the general principles of the operation of juvenile justice, public administration in this area, prevention of offenses, etc. Conclusions of the research. The expediency of adopting the Law on Juvenile Justice in Ukraine, which, in its content, will mainly be an act of administrative and legal nature, the Law «On Ensuring the Rights of the Child in Ukraine», the Law «On the Ombudsman of Ukraine» is substantiated. Keywords: child, minor, legal regulation, administrative law, juvenile justice, justice.

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Sanksi Pidana terhadap Pengasuh Tempat Penitipan Anak terhadap Kematian Anak yang Diasuh

Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum ◽

10.22225/jkh.1.1.2143.120-124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 120-124

Author(s):

Gede Made Agus Paramartha ◽

I Ketut Sukadana ◽

I Made Minggu Widyantara

Keyword(s):

Child Care ◽

Child Protection ◽

Care Service ◽

Care Center ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Child Care Center ◽

Care Services ◽

Legal Method ◽

Child Care Service

Children are one of the gifts entrusted by God Almighty to every parent. They have the obligation to supervise and maintain the development of each child. Children should also be cared for properly by their parents, but it is not uncommon for children to be cared for by others through child care services. When a child is under supervision at a child care service, there is negligence by the caregiver which causes the death of the child. Based on this background, this study aimed to describe how the legal protection for children who are left in a child care center and what are the criminal sanctions for the caregivers of child care center toward child deaths. This research was conducted using the normative legal method. The results of this study showed that children who are left in a child care center get legal protection to prevent children from getting acts that threaten the child's psyche. Legal protection is specifically regulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning child protection. In addition, the criminal sanction for caregivers of child care toward the death of a child refers to article 359 of the Criminal Code with the risk of a sentence of 5 years in prison.

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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PARA PIHAK YANG TERLIBAT DALAM PERJANJIAN PADA PLATFORM LOAN-BASED CROWDFUNDING

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v7i2.39319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Chartilia Gendis Napinillit M. ◽

Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi

Keyword(s):

Dispute Settlement ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Rights ◽

Legal Action ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Important Thing ◽

Legal Relationship ◽

The Law ◽

Legal Consequences ◽

Laws And Regulations

This article aims to analyze and know the law protection provided to parties involved in the agreement through the loan-based crowdfunding platform. The legal protection granted to the parties is contained within the agreement itself, namely within the clause of the clause agreed upon by the parties, and there is also an out of the agreement, that is, in the provisions of current laws and regulations. Law protection is an important thing to guarantee the fulfillment of the legal rights of a person. In addition to these objectives, law protection is provided to bring about legal certainty, legal benefit, and justice for the parties. Law protection can be preventive (prevent) or repressive (fix). The agreed agreement on the loan-based crowdfunding platform creates a legal relationship between the two parties of the manufacturer. Legal Relationship is a relationship that gives rise to the consequences of a law guaranteed by law or law. Any legal action that raises legal consequences on a loan-based crowdfunding platform should have legal protection, especially when there is a dispute between the parties. Peaceful forums or through deliberations can not be guaranteed to resolve existing disputes, therefore legal protection is required to provide a solution and clarity of existing dispute settlement or potentially occurring after the agreement is agreed.Keywords: Law Protection, Agreement, Loan-based crowdfunding, .Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui perlindungan hukum yang diberikan bagi para pihak yang terlibat didalam perjanjian melaui platform loan-based crowdfunding. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan bagi para pihak terdapat didalam perjanjian itu sendiri, yaitu didalam klausula klausula yang telah disepakati para pihak, dan terdapat juga diluar perjanjian, yaitu didalam ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku saat ini. Perlindungan hukum merupakan suatu hal yang penting untuk menjamin terpenuhinya hak hak hukum dari seseorang. Selain tujuan tersebut, perlindungan hukum yang diberikan guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum, kemanfaatan hukum, dan keadilan bagi para pihak. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan dapat bersifat preventif (mencegah) atau represif (memperbaiki). Perjanjian yang disepakati pada platform loan-based crowdfunding menimbulkan suatu hubungan Hukum antara dua pihak pembuatnya. Hubungan Hukum yaitu hubungan yang menimbulkan akibat Hukum yang dijamin oleh Hukum atau Undang-Undang. Setiap perbuatan hukum yang memunculkan akibat hukum pada platform loan-based crowdfunding harus memiliki perlindungan hukum, terlebih disaat terjadi suatu sengketa antar pihak. Forum damai atau melalui cara musyawarah belum dapat menjadi jaminan akan terselesaikannya sengketa yang ada, maka dari itu perlindungan hukum diperlukan untuk memberi solusi dan kejelasan akan penyelesaian sengketa yang ada atau yang berpotensi terjadi pasca perjanjian disepakati.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Perjanjian, Loan based crowdfunding.

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Rights to restitution for child victim of criminal act under government regulation number 43 year 2017

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20185200006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 00006

Author(s):

Azmiati Zuliah ◽

Madiasa Ablisar

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Applied Theory ◽

Child Victims ◽

Material Loss ◽

Child Victim ◽

Her Family ◽

Theory Of Justice ◽

Rights Of The Child

The criminal act against children is a gross violation of human rights. The criminal act committed by the offenderis intolerable because it can affect their survival as well as growth and development. Therefore, the victim deserves legal protection. Restitution is one of forms of protection and fulfillment of the rights of the child to compensate any damages. So far, child victim of criminal act suffers not only material loss (countable) but also immaterial loss (uncountable) such as shame, loss of self-esteem, depression and/or traumatic anxiety.It is the fact that so far the rights of child victims to restitution are very often violated. Therefore, the child victim and his or her family feel that they do not given justice. It is hoped Government Regulation Number 43 Year 2017 will be able to give legal certainty to the victim to ensure that he or she can enjoy his or her rights to restitution for any loss he or she suffers as stipulated in Law Number 35 Year 2014 on the Revision of Law Number 23 Year 2002 on Child Protection. This research uses theory of justice as grand theory, law enforcement as middle range theory and theory of victimology as applied theory.

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Legal Protection Reform for Children Conflicted with Law

Rechtsidee ◽

10.21070/jihr.v1i1.101 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Emy Rosna Wati

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Criminal Justice System ◽

Child Protection ◽

Justice System ◽

Juvenile Court ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Victims Of Crime ◽

The Law ◽

The Government

The government has long been giving protection to children. Protection is reflected in the issuance of various Law. One of them is the Law No. 23 of 2003 on Child Protection. The legal protection of children in conflicted with law and child as victims of crime are regulatedin articlenumber 64. Issuance of Law No. 3 of 1997 on Juvenile Court actually originates from a passion for protecting the rights of children in conflicted with the law. However, due to inadequate understanding and mindset of Juvenile Court, which is do not have the children’s perspective, what comes up is that the substance of Law on Juvenile Court is not to protect children but to prosecute children. However, after the release of Law No. 11 of 2012 onThe Criminal Justice System of Children, legal protection of children in conflict with the law was encouragingly reformed. How To Cite: Rosna Wati, E. (2014). Legal Protection Reform for Children Conflicted with Law. Rechtsidee, 1(1), 59-70. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i1.101

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MKRI. PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK DALAM PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM IMUNISASI DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR (Kajian Kasus Penolakan Imunisasi Anak Di Kabupaten Karanganyar)

Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi ◽

10.20961/hpe.v5i2.18266 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Rusharyati ◽

Widodo.T Novianto ◽

Moch. Najib Imanullah

Keyword(s):

Legal System ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Primary Data ◽

Childhood Immunization ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Child Immunization ◽

The Public ◽

Legal Structure ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The Law

Abstract This article aims to explain the causes of the rejection of child immunization and efforts should be made so that the implementation of the childhood immunization program is well received in the protection of the rights of children in Karanganyar. This type of research is empirical. Form of research is exploratory. The data used are primary data and secondary data collection methods of documentation and interviews. Analysis of data using qualitative analysis. Based on the description of the results of research and discussion in connection with the considered problem with the theory of the legal system and application of the theory of law, it can be concluded that the factors that led to the rejection of immunization is: (a) the legal structure has not been able to implement the rules contained in the law; (b) legal norm or rule can not be implemented fully in society; (c) Most people do not understand the law and legal content community do not know the benefits of the existing law. Efforts should be made so that the implementation of the childhood immunization program is well received by all communities in Karanganyar district are: (a) the legal structure should be addressed; (b) The public policy context with the real conditions in the field or community legal norms or rules that can be applied; (c) promoting positive law and the laws governing the contents of the immunization program to the public so that people understand them. As for the consequences of the legal system are not addressed, then the rejection of child immunization will still occur and may tend to increase. The rights of children to be immunized and the rights of children born to avoid the diseases that threaten the survival and/or cause disability unprotectedKeywords: Legal Protection; Rights of the Child; Immunization Program.Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan faktor penyebab terjadinya penolakan imunisasi anak dan upaya yang harus dilakukan agar pelaksanaan program imunisasi anak dapat diterima dengan baik dalam upaya perlindungan hak-hak anak di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Jenis penelitian adalah empiris. Bentuk penelitian adalah eksploratif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder dengan metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis datanya menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan deskripsi hasil penelitian dan pembahasan sehubungan dengan masalah yang dikaji dengan teori sistem hukum dan teori penerapan hukum, dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya penolakan imunisasi adalah : (a) Struktur hukumnya belum mampu melaksanakan aturan yang ada dalam hukum; (b) Norma atau aturan hukumnya belum dapat diterapkan sepenuhnya di masyarakat; (c) Sebagian masyarakat belum memahami hukum dan isi hukum sehingga masyarakat belum mengetahui manfaat dari hukum yang ada. Upaya yang harus dilakukan agar pelaksanaan program imunisasi anak dapat diterima dengan baik oleh semua masyarakat di Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah : (a) struktur hukumnya harus dibenahi; (b) Adanya kebijakan publik yang lebih kontekstual dengan kondisi riil di lapangan atau masyarakat sehingga norma atau aturan hukumnya dapat diterapkan; (c) mensosialisasikan hukum positif dan isi hukum yang mengatur tentang program imunisasi kepada masyarakat sehingga masyarakat memahaminya. Adapun konsekuensi apabila sistem hukumnya tidak dibenahi, maka penolakan imunisasi anak akan tetap terjadi dan mungkin cenderung meningkat. Hak anak untuk mendapatkan imunisasi dan hak anak yang lahir terhindar dari penyakit yang mengancam kelangsungan hidup dan/atau menimbulkan kecacatan belum terlindungi.Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum: Hak Asasi Anak; Program Imunisasi.

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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KORBAN TINDAK KEKERASAN SEKSUAL KAUM TUNARUNGU DALAM PRESPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA

Mimbar Keadilan ◽

10.30996/mk.v13i2.3941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 218-228

Author(s):

Yulianti Ningsih Cahyani ◽

Alfa Galih Verdiantoro ◽

Febriyanti Uma

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Social Care ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Human Life ◽

Legal Protection ◽

People With Disabilities ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Positive Law ◽

The Law

AbstractVictims of sexual violence against persons with disabilities need legal protection through justice or social care, legislation is one of the references in the process of handling sexual violence because so far women have had difficulty in obtaining justice. With the aim of providing Islamic law in order to realize a better and fairer human life, as well as for the recovery of victims of sexual violence so that it can be accepted in the community and discrimination is not done which can make victims more traumatized. From the research that has been done that many people with disabilities who do not know the legal protection for them to avoid violence, harassment or taking away their rights are often ignored because of physical deficiencies, the positive law lies in the fact that the law is made and can be erased from everything acts that have been done by humans and are independent of the norms themselves.Keywords: legal protection; victims of violenceAbstrakKorban kekerasan seksual pada kaum difabel memerlukan perlindungan hukum baik melalui peradilan ataupun kepedulian sosial, perundang-undangan adalah salah satu rujukan dalam proses penanganan tindak kekerasan seksual karena selama ini perempuan sulit mendapatkan keadilan. Dengan tujuan memberikan penetapan hukum islam agar dapat mewujudkan kehidupan manusia yang lebih baik dan adil, sebagaimana untuk pemulihan pada korban kekerasan seksual agar dapat diterima dimasyarakat dan tidak dilakukannya diskriminasi yang dapat membuat korban menjadi lebih trauma. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan bahwa banyak kaum difabel yang belum mengetahui perlindungan hukum kepada mereka agar terhindar dari tindak kekerasan, pelecehan atau pengambilan hak mereka yang seringkali diabaikan karena dengan adanya kekurangan fisik, dalam hukum positif terletak pada fakta bahwa hukum dibuat dan dapat dihapuskan dari segala perbuatan yang telah dilakukan oleh manusia itu dan terlepas dari norma-norma itu sendiri.Kata kunci: korban kekerasan; perlindungan hukum

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INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT OF CHILD PROTECTION POLICY

Politology bulletin ◽

10.17721/2415-881x.2018.82.62-70 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 62-70

Author(s):

Anna Stychynska

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Child Protection ◽

Child Neglect ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Fundamental Rights ◽

Sex Industry ◽

International Protection ◽

Protection Policy ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Child Protection Policy

Ukraine’s independence in 1991 made the democratic transformations began, aimed to form the civil society, the development of a rule of law, within, according to the Constitution, a person, his life and health, honor, dignity, integrity and other rights and freedoms are recognized as the highest social value. This, in turn, defines the content and focus of the activities of the state and all its bodies in securing these conquests of world civilization as one of the main responsibilities. It is not enough to declare them at the constitutional and legislative levels for the realization of fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual and the citizen. They must be fully secured through legal and social measures and their existence. Among the various measures for the realization of human and citizen’s rights and freedoms, the Institute of International Protection of the Rights of the Child occupies a special place, as a set of international legal norms governing the international policy and cooperation of the states for the protection and protection of the rights of the child. As part of the international protection of human rights and freedoms, the child protection policy is of paramount importance. It is the area that should take priority in the international political arena. The protection of the rights of the child is also important as a guarantee of the existence, implementation, and protection of the Constitution of Ukraine. The primary purpose of protection is the legally foreseen ability of the child to use compulsory actions to enforce his or her legal obligation to enforce the obliged person’s behavior in order to protect his or her right. The urgency of gender is essential to accelerate the creation of an effective legal mechanism for the protection of the rights of the child. In addition, the existence of a real «legal protection» of the child as a whole, as well as of the state’s responsibility to the child, is the factor that asserts in the human consciousness the idea of justice, the expediency of the existing state power, thereby ensuring its legitimacy. Formation of civil society and the integration of this country into the European community are impossible without a well-grounded state policy for the protection of the rights of the child. Therefore, the development of international cooperation in this field is especially relevant to Ukraine, since overcoming child neglect and homelessness, adopting children, preventing their involvement in the sex industry can only be ensured in close cooperation with other countries and using their experience.

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UPAYA PENGADILAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ANAK LUAR NIKAH BERDASARKAN SILA KE-5 PANCASILA

Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum ◽

10.26532/jph.v3i1.1349 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Dzanurusyamsyi Dzanurusyamsyi

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Court Decision ◽

District Court ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Marriage Law ◽

Illegitimate Child ◽

The Law

In accordance with the Marriage Law Article 43 paragraph (1) and Article 100 Compilation of Islamic Law, that child out of wedlock obtain a civil relationship with her mother and her mother’s family. The provisions of article 43 paragraph (1) that the Court’s decision the Constitution of No. 046/PUU-VIII/2010 amended with the new norm, that “children born out of wedlock have links civil with her mother and her mother’s family as well as with men as a father to proven by science and technology and/ or other evidence under the law have blood relations, including civil relations with his father’s family’’ provisions of the new norm is still debatable and the pros and cons in the community that have not been finalized. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on: How Construction illegitimate child protection today; factors that affect the construction of the legal protection of a child out of wedlock is not justice at this time. This study used a qualitative approach with sosiolegal research. Factors that affect the protection of children out of wedlock is not justice due to several factors: -First; Factors Differing perceptions Ulama’ and Judges of children out of wedlock and protection against him; Factors Court decision is very diverse/ varied against illegitimate child protection issues; Factors diversity of perceptions on Registration of Population Administration in Indonesia. Then the provisions of the Marriage Law Article 43 paragraph (1)which has judicial review by the Constitutional Court Decision No. 046/PUU-VIII/2010 and Article 100 of the Compilation of Islamic Law must be reconstructed with the editor of a new article as follows: “a child born out of wedlock has relations civil with her mother and her mother’s family as well as with men as a father who can be proved by science and technology and/ or other evidence under the law have blood relation to the determination/ instruction judge and the Court’s decision, the Muslim Religious Court andbesides Islam in the District Court, including a civil relationship with his family “and there should be an affirmation form of additional chapters in the Marriage Law Article 43 with the editorial article as follows; “If it turns out according to a court ruling that the children who sought their origin was proven seedlings men and women and was born in/ from the marriage valid, then the child becomes legitimate child and have a relationship of civil full and relationships biological children with both parents and get inheritance rights.

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MENCARI HUKUM YANG BERKEADILAN BAGI ANAK MELALUI DIVERSI

Perspektif Hukum ◽

10.30649/phj.v18i2.158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 175

Author(s):

Rr. Putri A. Priamsari

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Juvenile Justice ◽

Restorative Justice ◽

Social Services ◽

Child Protection ◽

Best Interests ◽

Legal Counsel ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Judicial Proceedings ◽

The Law

According to UNICEF, no less than 4000 Indonesian children are brought to court every year with reports of relatively minor crimes such as theft, persecution, spreading hoaxes and others. Where children who are faced with the law generally are not accompanied by legal counsel or social services. Indonesia has had a umbrella act in protecting children's welfare, namely Law Number 4 of 1979 concerning Child Welfare which was then followed by Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection which has now been replaced with Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection as implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, New York). Taking into account that the handling of child cases dealing with the law must really guarantee the protection of the best interests of the child and must aim at the creation of Restorative Justice, both for Children and Victims of Children and to create Restorative Justice, before resorting to judicial proceedings at the prosecution level General must strive for Diversion. Provisions regarding this diversion are also regulated in Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2014 concerning Diversion. The enactment of the 2014 PERMA is intended so that juvenile justice in Indonesia can be carried out more efficiently, while still considering its welfare.

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