scholarly journals Contact-Induced Vowel Variation: A Case Study of the Short High Vowels /i/ and /u/ in CVN Syllables in Lue and Khün

MANUSYA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-87
Author(s):  
Phinnarat Akharawatthanakun
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Language Resource ◽  
Group 15 ◽  
High Vowels

This paper presents the variation in the two short high vowels /i/ and /u/ occurring in live syllables ending with final nasal consonants (CVN) in two Southwestern Tai (SWT) dialects: Lue and Khün, respectively spoken in the villages of Nong Bua and Nong Muang in Pa Kha Subdistrict, Tha Wang Pha District, in Nan Province. The data were collected from Lue and Khün language resource persons (LRPs) in three age groups, an elderly group (60 years old and above), a middle-aged group (35–50 years old), and a young group (15–25 years old), with five LRPs in each age group. The data analyzed for this paper come from a total of 30 LRPs (5 LRPs × 3 age groups × 2 SWT dialects).

scholarly journals Correlation Between Blood Pressure Variability and Plasma Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone Levels in Patients With Essential Hypertension at Different Ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-581
Author(s):  
Cai-ni Fan ◽  
Hai-ying Zhao ◽  
Dan-dan Tian ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Moderate Essential Hypertension ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group

Abstract Background To study the correlation between blood pressure variability (BPV) and plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AngII), aldosterone levels in patients with essential hypertension. Methods A total of 300 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were analyzed retrospectively. The subjects were divided into 3 age groups: 100 patients aged 18–44 years (young group), 110 patients aged 45–64 years (middle-aged group), and 90 patients aged over 65 years (elderly group). PRA, AngII, and aldosterone levels were assessed. Blood pressure (BP) was measured by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. The relationships between BP variability and the PRA, AngII, aldosterone levels were compared among the 3 groups. Results Supine and upright PRA and aldosterone levels were significantly higher in the young group than those in the middle-aged and elderly groups. The coefficient of variation (CV) of 24-hour systolic (24hSBPCV), diastolic BP (24hDBPCV), CV of daytime systolic (dSBPCV), diastolic (dDBPCV), and nighttime systolic BP (nSBPCV) in the elderly group was higher than those in the young group and the middle-aged group (all P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that in the young and middle-aged groups, BPV was significantly correlated with the levels of PRA, AngII, and aldosterone (all P < 0.05). In the elderly group however, only 24hDBPCV, nDBPCV, and nSBPCV were correlated with AngII and aldosterone levels (all P < 0.05). Conclusions BPV is correlated with plasma renin–angiotensin–aldosterone levels in young and middle-aged patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

scholarly journals Factor and Cluster Analysis for TCM Syndromes of Real-World Metabolic Syndrome at Different Age Stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shujie Xia ◽  
Jing Cai ◽  
Jianxin Chen ◽  
Xuejuan Lin ◽  
Shujiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Real World ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
Tcm Syndrome

Background. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multitarget and overall regulation, which has certain advantages in preventing and treating of metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the similarities and differences of TCM syndrome distribution in different age groups to promote the optimization of treatment strategies. Methods. This study was based on a real-world survey conducted in 3 hospitals in China. There are 1262 collected cases of MS meeting the inclusion criteria, which were divided into the young group, middle-aged group, and elderly group. Factor analysis (FA) was conducted for syndrome element extraction, and K-means cluster analysis was processed for syndrome type classification. Frequency analysis and Chi-square test were used to compare the syndrome characteristics of each group. Results. Common factors extracted were assigned to 18 syndrome elements including 11 nature syndrome elements and 7 location syndrome elements. Phlegm and dampness are the most frequent syndrome elements in general. Compared with the middle-aged group and elderly group, the young group has more obvious nature syndrome elements in heat and Qi deficiency, and location syndrome elements in the stomach. As for the middle-aged group, the frequency of location syndrome in kidney syndrome was higher than that in other groups. When it comes to the elderly group, it is shown that the symptoms of Yin deficiency and blood deficiency increase with age and the old patients may have more location syndrome elements in the lung and gallbladder. Conclusion. The TCM syndrome of MS is complex in that there may be the characteristics of deficiency and excess syndrome simultaneously. The main pathological factors of MS were phlegm and dampness. Besides, MS patients at different age periods may have their own syndrome distribution features. So, it is reasonable to adhere to the method of resolving phlegm and removing dampness and, at the same time, adopt the ways of clearing heat, promoting Qi, nourishing Yin, supplementing blood as well as regulating the liver, promoting the lung, transporting the spleen, nourishing the heart, and nourishing the kidney based on the syndrome feature of MS in different age stages.

Abstract T P126: Diabetes Mellitus and K-Modified Barthel Index at 6 Months after Stroke: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Yi Jang ◽  
Yun-Hee Kim ◽  
Min Kyun Sohn ◽  
Jongmin Lee ◽  
Deog Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Few studies investigated the diabetes mellitus (DM) as a predictable factor of 6 months K-Modified Barthel Index (KMBI) outcome after stroke. Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate whether DM predicts the outcome of KMBI at 6-month after stroke with adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk factors, socioeconomic position and health behavior factors. Methods: This is an interim report of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KosCo). The sample included 1,199 stroke patients aged 45-92 years. FIM score was assessed at 6 months after onset. We divided subjects into two age groups: the middle aged (45-64 year-old) and the elderly (over 65 year-old). Subjects who met one of the following requirements were defined as having DM: taking an oral hyperglycemic agent, using insulin, clinical diagnosis of diabetes, or a fasting glucose level >125 mg/dL. Results: The mean age of the middle aged group was 55.8(±5.44) year-old and the elderly group was 74.3(±6.14)(p<0.001). The distribution of DM was 20.8% and 28.9%, respectively (p<0.001). The mean 6-Month KMBI was 91.7 (±20.7) and 78.4 (±33.1), respectively (p<0.001). The 6-Month KMBI significantly decreased in DM group compared to the non DM group after adjustment for confounding factors. In the middle aged group, the 6-Month KMBI decreased in DM group (p<0.01), but in the elderly group. Conclusions: This hospital-based cohort study showed that DM may predict poor 6-Month KMBI outcome, especially, for the middle aged group (Supported by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013E3301701)).

scholarly journals Characteristic Movement of the Ribs, Thoracic Vertebrae while Elevating the Upper Limbs - Influences of Age and Gender on Movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
Hisayoshi Tachihara ◽  
Junichiro Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Young Group ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shoulder Disorders ◽  
Arm Elevation ◽  
And Gender

Background: The rib cage, such as the thoracic spine and ribs, influences glenohumeral mobility and the development of shoulder disorders. Objective: To evaluate movements of the ribs, thoracic vertebrae during bilateral arm elevation and to clarify the characteristic influences of age and gender. Methods: Subjects comprised 33 healthy individuals divided into a young group (10 males, 7 females; mean age, 25 years) and a middle-aged group (8 males, 8 females; mean age, 52 years). Chest CT was performed with two arm positions: arms hanging downwards; and arms elevated at 160°. Images were three-dimensionally reconstructed to evaluate rib movement, extension angle of thoracic vertebrae. Results: Maximal movement was observed at the fifth rib, and rib movement decreased with increasing distance from the fifth rib in both the groups. In males, movement of the second to fourth ribs was smaller in the middle-aged group than in the young group (p < 0.05). Movement of the first to ninth ribs was smaller in females than in males (p < 0.05). No significant difference in the extension angle of the thoracic vertebrae was found. Conclusion: Fifth rib movement is the largest among all ribs during bilateral arm elevation. Reduction of upper rib movement initially arises as an age-related degradation in males. Women exhibit less rib movement during bilateral arm elevation.

scholarly journals Common and Uncommon Imaging Appearances of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Young and Middle-Aged Group and Elderly Group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mahmoudabadi ◽  
Hamed Masoumi ◽  
Mohammad Keshtkar ◽  
Arash Azhideh ◽  
Hamidreza Haghighatkhah
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Lung Region ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Lower Lung

Purpose: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated chest Computed Tomography (CT) imaging manifestations of the patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to simplify prompt early diagnosis of disease and speed up needed actions for infected patients. Materials and Methods: Totally, 75 patients who laboratory confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled in this study. CT images, demographic and some clinical data of all patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Furthermore, for comparison, the patients were divided into two groups as follows: the young and middle-aged group (< 60 years old) and the elderly group (≥ 60 years old). Results: Based on the evaluation of CT images, 33 patients (44%) showed Ground-Glass Opacity (GGO), 15 patients (20%) showed consolidation, 24 patients (32%) showed mixed GGO and consolidation, 2 patients (2.6%) had bronchial wall thickening, 10 patients (13.3%) had a crazy paving sign, 35 patients (46.6%) had air bronchogram and, 7 patients (9.3%) had cavitation and 2 patients (2.6%) had a tree in the bud. CT images of 3 patients (4%) were normal. In terms of out of lung changes, lymphadenopathy was observed in one patient (1.3%), pleural effusion in 12 patients (16%), and pericardial effusion in 2 patients (2.6%). Lesions were found predominantly in the peripheral (57.3%) and the lower lung region (60%). Conclusion: CT images of the COVID-19 patients showed various aspects, mainly GGO, consolidation, mixed GGO and consolidation, and air bronchogram. Lesion distribution was predominantly in lower lung region, bilateral and peripheral. Pleural effusion and multiple lobe involvement were significantly higher in the elderly group than that of the young and middle-aged group.

The Effect of Judgment Context on Assessments of Age Groups

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Knox ◽  
W.L. Gekoski
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Evaluative Dimension ◽  
Judgment Condition

ABSTRACTIt has been suggested that an exaggeration of the target age effect is obtained when the same respondents judge multiple age groups rather than only one age group. In the present study each of 1200 undergraduates rated a young, middle-aged, or old target on the 32 bipolar adjective pairs of the Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Rosencranz & McNevin, 1969). An additional 200 undergraduates rated all three target age groups on the ASD. The ASD was scored in terms of the three dimensions reported by its authors. In the isolated judgment condition young targets were rated highest on the Instrumental-Ineffective and Personal Acceptability-Unacceptability dimensions followed, in both cases, by middle-aged and then by old targets; on the Autonomous-Dependent dimension, middle-aged targets were rated higher than both young and old targets. The hypothesized exaggeration of the target age effect in the comparative judgment condition was obtained for the descriptive dimensions (Instrumental-Ineffective and Autonomous-Dependent) but not for the evaluative dimension (Personal Acceptability-Unacceptability) of the ASD. Possible explanations for why judgment context might affect descriptive but not evaluative assessments of target age groups are discussed.

scholarly journals The values of AHCY and CBS promoter methylation on the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Shufang Bu ◽  
Ran Ran Pan ◽  
Cong Zhou ◽  
Kun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The goal of our study is to investigate whether the methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters are related to the risk of cerebral infarction by detecting the methylation level of AHCY and CBS genes. Methods We extracted peripheral venous blood from 152 patients with cerebral infarction and 152 gender- and age-matched healthy controls, and determined methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. We used the percentage of methylation reference (PMR) to indicate gene methylation level. Results We compared the promoter methylation levels of two genes (AHCY and CBS) in peripheral blood DNA between the cerebral infarction case group and the control group. Our study showed no significant difference in AHCY promoter methylation between case and control. Subgroup analysis by gender showed that the methylation level of AHCY in males in the case group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant in females. In a subgroup analysis by age, there was no significant difference in the AHCY methylation level between the case and control in the young group (≤44 years old). However, the level of AHCY gene methylation in the middle-aged group (45–59 years old) was significantly higher and the aged group (≥60 years old) was significantly lower than that in the control groups. However, CBS promoter methylation levels were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (median PMR: 70.20% vs 104.10%, P = 3.71E-10). In addition, the CBS methylation levels of males and females in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group (male: 64.33% vs 105%, P = 2.667E-08; female: 78.05% vs 102.8%, P = 0.003). We also found that the CBS levels in the young (23–44), middle-aged (45–59), and older (60–90) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (young group: 69.97% vs 114.71%; P = 0.015; middle-aged group: 56.04% vs 91.71%; P = 6.744E-06; older group: 81.6% vs 119.35%; P = 2.644E-04). Our ROC curve analysis of CBS hypomethylation showed an area under the curve of 0.713, a sensitivity of 67.4%, and a specificity of 74.0%. Conclusion Our study suggests that hypomethylation of the CBS promoter may be closely related to the risk of cerebral infarction and may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for cerebral infarction.

Age groups changes in self-rated health: A prospective longitudinal study over a 20-year period using Health Survey of North Trøndelag data

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482090462
Author(s):  
Frode Lysberg ◽  
Siw Tone Innstrand ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Cathrine Lysberg ◽  
Magnhild Mjåvatn Høie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate changes in self-rated health (SRH) between different age groups and sexes over a 20-year period. Methods: Data were retrieved from the large longitudinal Health Survey of North Trøndelag, Norway, which includes data collected from more than 190,000 participants aged 20–70+ years between the years 1984 and 2008. Data were analysed using logistic regression and adjusted for sex. Results: From 1984 to 2008, the odds of scoring higher on SRH decreased by 46% in the youngest age group (20–29 years) and increased by approximately 35% in the middle-aged and older age groups (40–70+ years). When considering sex differences, women in most age groups scored lower than the men on their SRH. Conclusions: Our finding suggest a trending shift in SRH, with a reduction in the youngest age group (20–29 years) and an increase in the middle-aged and older age groups (40–70+ years). Despite the sex differences being small, our data indicate that in most age groups, women tend to score lower than men on their SRH. Future studies should focus on these trends to understand better the mechanisms underlying these changes in SRH and to follow future trends to see if the trend is reinforced or diminished.

scholarly journals The influence of age on the GH–IGF1 axis in patients with acromegaly

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Tanimoto ◽  
Naomi Hizuka ◽  
Izumi Fukuda ◽  
Kazue Takano ◽  
Toshiaki Hanafusa
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Elderly Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Serum Gh

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of age on GH and IGF1 axis, and complications in patients with acromegaly.Subjects and methodsFrom the medical records, we retrospectively analyzed clinical features and complications in 87 newly diagnosed patients with active acromegaly (34 males, 53 females; aged 18–82 years) who were admitted to Tokyo Women's Medical University between 1999 and 2006. We divided the patients into three groups according to age: ≤30 years old (young group), 31–60 years old (middle-aged group), and ≥61 years old (elderly group).ResultsThe median GH levels in young, middle-aged, and elderly groups were 18.5, 8.8, and 6.7 μg/l respectively, and the IGF1 levels were 810, 717, and 740 μg/l respectively. The values were not significantly different among the groups. However, the serum IGF1 SDS were significantly higher in the elderly group (10.2) than those in young and middle-aged groups (6.6 and 6.2 respectively, P<0.001). The age difference in the higher IGF1 SDS was remarkable in female patients. In the elderly group, glucose intolerance and hypertension were found in 94 and 53% of the patients respectively and the incidences were higher than those in the other groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that the relatively high IGF1 secretions in elderly patients might be involved in the progression of clinical complications in acromegalic patients. Therefore, awareness of the early symptoms and examination of serum GH and IGF1 are important for patients with acromegaly.

Age and Sex: Factors in Defining the Term “Handicap”

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry J. Coet ◽  
Larry W. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sex Factors ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Age And Sex

A random sample of 67 males and 74 females was divided into three age groups: 12 to 25, 26 to 45, and 46 to 82 yr. old. Subjects were given a questionnaire asking them to rank five groups or classes of people they felt should be labeled “handicapped.” An analysis of variance indicated that over-all, definitions of the term “handicap” differed significantly according to age and sex. Males emphasized “social” and “intellectual” conditions, while females stressed the more visible (unattractive) conditions. The youngest age group listed “race,” “speech,” and “socio-economic” conditions more frequently, while the middle-aged group was more concerned with “physical incapacitation,” “blindness,” and “heart disease.” The oldest age group stressed “mental illness” and “mental retardation” most frequently.

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