Early Diagnosis of Occult Blood of Colorectal Cancer Based on Nano-Colloidal Gold Sandwich Immunochromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1525-1534
Author(s):  
Yongying Wu ◽  
Jiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Yang ◽  
Zou Yin ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Crc Screening

The development of science and technology has deepened people’s understanding of cancer, changing the management of malignant tumors in the medical field. Given the common precancerous characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC), researchers studied early CRC screening. The complexity of traditional diagnostics forced medical staff to speed up CRC innovation early screening methods. Here, we prepared nano-colloidal gold raw materials with different particle sizes (15 and 30 nm) and observed the morphological characteristics and properties of the materials. Simultaneously, the nanocolloidal gold double antibody sandwich kit was designed through the optimum pH value and protein content screening experiment. The results of clinical enteroscopy confirmed the important guiding significance of the equipment in early CRC screening.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer screening

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Ferreira Novaes de Almeida ◽  
Sérgio Eduardo Alonso Araujo ◽  
Fábio Pires de Souza Santos ◽  
Cláudio José Castro da Silva Franco ◽  
Vinicius Rocha Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Fecal Occult

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, and mortality has remained the same for the past 50 years, despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Because significant numbers of patients present with advanced or incurable stages, patients with pre-malignant lesions (adenomatous polyps) that occur as result of genetic inheritance or age should be screened, and patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease should undergo surveillance. There are different risk groups for CRC, as well as different screening strategies. It remains to be determined which screening protocol is the most cost-effective for each risk catagory. The objective of screening is to reduce morbidity and mortality in a target population. The purpose of this review is to analyze the results of the published CRC screening studies, with regard to the measured reduction of morbidity and mortality, due to CRC in the studied populations, following various screening procedures. The main screening techniques, used in combination or alone, include fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy. Evidence from the published literature on screening methods for specific risk groups is scanty and frequently does not arise from controlled studies. Nevertheless, data from these studies, combined with recent advances in molecular genetics, certainly lead the way to greater efficacy and lower cost of CRC screening.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer screening: Barriers to the faecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy in Singapore

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sook Kwin Yong ◽  
Whee Sze Ong ◽  
Gerald Choon-Huat Koh ◽  
Richard Ming Chert Yeo ◽  
Tam Cam Ha
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Faecal Occult Blood Test ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Occult Blood Test ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Faecal Occult

Introduction: This study aims to identify the barriers to adopting faecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy as colorectal cancer (CRC) screening methods among the eligible target population of Singapore. Materials and methods: This study was previously part of a randomised controlled trial reported elsewhere. Data was collected from Singapore residents aged 50 and above, via a household sample survey. The study recruited subjects who were aware of CRC screening methods, and interviewed them about the barriers to screening that they faced. Collected results on barriers to each screening method were analysed separately. Results: Out of the 343 subjects, 85 (24.8%) recruited knew about FOBT and/or colonoscopy. Most of the respondents (48.9%) cited not having symptoms as the reason for not using the FOBT. This is followed by inconvenience (31.1%), not having any family history of colon cancer (28.9%), lack of time (28.9%) and lack of reminders/recommendation (28.9%). Of the respondents who indicated not choosing colonoscopy as a screening method, more than one-half (54.8%) identified not having any symptoms as the main barrier for them, followed by not having any family history (38.7%) and having a healthy/low-risk lifestyle (29.0%). There was no difference between the reported barriers to each of the screening methods and the respondents’ dwelling types. Conclusions: Lack of knowledge, particularly the misconceptions of not having symptoms and being healthy, were identified as the main barriers to FOBT and colonoscopy as screening methods. Interventions to increase the uptake of CRC screening in this population should be tailored to address this misconception.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Screening Completion Among Individuals With and Without Mental Illnesses: A Comparison of 2 Screening Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi Jo H. Yarborough ◽  
Ginger C. Hanson ◽  
Nancy A. Perrin ◽  
Scott P. Stumbo ◽  
Carla A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health System ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Crc Screening

Purpose: Cancer mortality is worse among people with psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to compare facilitators and rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening between people with and without mental illnesses. Design: We conducted a secondary analysis using data from a general population cohort study (N = 92 445) that assessed effects of 2 types of CRC screening test kits—guaiac fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT) and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT)—on CRC screening completion. Setting: The setting was a health system that served approximately 485 000 members in urban and suburban Oregon and Washington. Participants: Participants were health system members, categorized by mental illness diagnosis (psychotic disorders, non-psychotic unipolar depression, and no mental illness), who were age-eligible, at average risk of CRC, and were at least 366 days past their last gFOBT with no evidence of other CRC screening. Measures: The outcome was time until completion of CRC screening. Analysis: We used Cox proportional hazard models. Results: FIT reduced CRC screening barriers for all the groups. Compared to people without mental illness diagnoses, those with psychotic disorders were equally likely to screen using FIT (hazard ratio [HR] = .95, p = .679) and those with depression were more likely (HR = 1.17, p = .006). Conclusions: FIT can improve CRC screening rates among people with mental illnesses, particularly depression.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Stool Test Utilization for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Georgia, USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Ansa ◽  
Nicollette Lewis ◽  
Zachary Hoffman ◽  
Biplab Datta ◽  
J. Aaron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (USA). Early screening has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes for CRC. Assessing patterns in CRC screening utilization is important for guiding policy and implementing programs for CRC prevention and control. This study examines the trends and sociodemographic factors associated with blood stool test utilization (BSTU) for CRC screening in Georgia, USA. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed for Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in BSTU between 1997 and 2014 among adults aged 50+ who have had a blood stool test within the past two years, and logistic regression analysis of the 2016 data was performed to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. In Georgia, an overall decrease was observed in BSTU, from 27.8% in 1997 to 16.1% in 2014 (AAPC = −2.6, p = 0.023). The decrease in BSTU was less pronounced in Georgia than nationally (from 26.1% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2014 (AAPC = −4.5, p < 0.001)). BSTU was significantly associated with black race/ethnicity (Black vs. White (aOR = 1.43, p = 0.015)), older age (≥70 vs. 50–59 (aOR = 1.62, p = 0.006)), having insurance coverage (no vs. yes (aOR = 0.37 p = 0.005)), and lower income (≥USD 50,000 vs. <USD 25,000 (aOR = 0.70 p = 0.050)). These findings reveal a decrease over time in BSTU in Georgia, with existing differences between sociodemographic groups. Understanding these patterns helps in directing tailored programs for promoting CRC screening, especially among disadvantaged populations.

Provinciale responsverschillen in het Vlaamse Bevolkingsonderzoek Dikkedarmkanker: inzichten uit gemeentelijke socio-demografische en gezondheidsgerelateerde kenmerken

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. TRAN ◽  
G. VAN HAL ◽  
M. PEETERS ◽  
S. JIDKOVA ◽  
S. HOECK
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Medical File ◽  
Crc Screening

Municipal characteristics associated with response rate to organised colorectal cancer screening in Flanders Introduction In Flanders (Belgium), the response rate to organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is still suboptimal (~ 50%). We studied the characteristics of municipalities in the Flemish provinces with the highest and lowest response rates to explore factors that might be associated with the response rate to organised CRC screening. Methods The response rates of municipalities in 5 Flemish provinces and the characteristics of municipalities in the provinces with the highest and lowest response rates were compared to the average measures of Flanders (data 2017) using an unpaired two-sample Wilcoxon test. Results The municipal response rates in Limburg and Antwerp were significantly higher, and those in West Flanders and Flemish Brabant significantly lower compared to Flanders. Further analyses of Limburg (highest response rate) and Flemish Brabant (lowest response rate) suggested that municipalities with higher response rates had more men and people aged 60-64 in the target population, more jobseekers and more people who contacted GPs/specialists frequently, but fewer people aged 70-74 in the target population and with a lower average income compared to Flanders. In contrast, municipalities with lower response rates had fewer men in the target population, fewer people having a partner, fewer jobseekers and fewer people having a global medical file, but more people with a non-Dutch or non-Belgian nationality and a higher average income (p-values < 0.01). Conclusion This exploratory study identifies certain demographic, socioeconomic and health‑related municipal characteristics that may be related to the response rate to CRC screening in Flanders. These findings can guide future research and investigations with the aim to improve the response rate to CRC screening.

scholarly journals The CRCbiome study: a large prospective cohort study examining the role of lifestyle and the gut microbiome in colorectal cancer screening participants

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Sørlie Kværner ◽  
Einar Birkeland ◽  
Cecilie Bucher-Johannessen ◽  
Elina Vinberg ◽  
Jan Inge Nordby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening reduces CRC incidence and mortality. However, current screening methods are either hampered by invasiveness or suboptimal performance, limiting their effectiveness as primary screening methods. To aid in the development of a non-invasive screening test with improved sensitivity and specificity, we have initiated a prospective biomarker study (CRCbiome), nested within a large randomized CRC screening trial in Norway. We aim to develop a microbiome-based classification algorithm to identify advanced colorectal lesions in screening participants testing positive for an immunochemical fecal occult blood test (FIT). We will also examine interactions with host factors, diet, lifestyle and prescription drugs. The prospective nature of the study also enables the analysis of changes in the gut microbiome following the removal of precancerous lesions. Methods The CRCbiome study recruits participants enrolled in the Bowel Cancer Screening in Norway (BCSN) study, a randomized trial initiated in 2012 comparing once-only sigmoidoscopy to repeated biennial FIT, where women and men aged 50–74 years at study entry are invited to participate. Since 2017, participants randomized to FIT screening with a positive test result have been invited to join the CRCbiome study. Self-reported diet, lifestyle and demographic data are collected prior to colonoscopy after the positive FIT-test (baseline). Screening data, including colonoscopy findings are obtained from the BCSN database. Fecal samples for gut microbiome analyses are collected both before and 2 and 12 months after colonoscopy. Samples are analyzed using metagenome sequencing, with taxonomy profiles, and gene and pathway content as primary measures. CRCbiome data will also be linked to national registries to obtain information on prescription histories and cancer relevant outcomes occurring during the 10 year follow-up period. Discussion The CRCbiome study will increase our understanding of how the gut microbiome, in combination with lifestyle and environmental factors, influences the early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. This knowledge will be crucial to develop microbiome-based screening tools for CRC. By evaluating biomarker performance in a screening setting, using samples from the target population, the generalizability of the findings to future screening cohorts is likely to be high. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01538550.

Screening for colorectal cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan J Starkey
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Faecal Occult Blood ◽  
Faecal Occult ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Stool Analysis

Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes 20 000 deaths per annum in the UK alone. Screening has been shown to reduce mortality but debate exists as to which approach to use. Direct visualization of the colorectum has the advantage that it detects lesions most effectively and is required at less frequent intervals, but the procedure is invasive and at present too costly for screening purposes. Faecal occult blood measurement, despite its limitations, is currently the recommended screening method, with follow-up of positive tests by colonoscopy or other visualization techniques. This strategy has been shown to reduce mortality from CRC by about 20% and screening trials directed towards individuals in the over 50 years age group are underway in the UK and elsewhere. Future developments in CRC screening include colorectal visualization by computed colonography - a less-invasive alternative to colonoscopy. Developments in stool analysis are also occurring. Examination of faecal samples for cellular products derived from neoplasms (e.g. calprotectin) may prove more sensitive and specific than faecal occult blood measurements. In addition, detection of altered DNA in faeces is being investigated by molecular biology techniques. Using a multi-target assay panel to detect point mutations and other neoplasia-associated DNA abnormalities may be an effective strategy for CRC screening in the future.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers regarding colorectal cancer screening practices and risk factors among medical students in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Althobaiti ◽  
Hoda Jradi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Screening Practices ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Knowledge Levels

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem. It is the third most diagnosed common tumour and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early screening has been shown to decrease the incidence of CRC cancer and decrease mortality. In Saudi Arabia (SA), there is no national policy for CRC screening despite the growing incidence of the disease. This study investigated the knowledge of risk factors for CRC, recommendations for screening, and attitudes and barriers towards screening among medical students. Methods Data was collected using a self-administered valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and barriers measurements completed by 581 medical students from two Saudi schools. Frequencies and mean scores of knowledge and attitude were determined. The likelihood of students having adequate knowledge of CRC risk factors and screening modalities was estimated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Knowledge of the risk factors for CRC and screening modalities, and attitude towards screening were poor in 52.47 and 57.83% of the surveyed medical students; respectively. Higher level of medical education (OR = 3.23; 95% CI: 2.01–5.18) and a positive attitude towards CRC screening (OR = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.86–4.03) were independent predictors of higher knowledge levels. Lack of awareness about CRC and screening modalities among patients, and shortage of specialized healthcare providers were barriers independently associated with low knowledge levels. Conclusions Saudi medical students have limited knowledge of CRC risk factors of and a poor attitude towards CRC screening. These results contribute to our understanding of missed teaching opportunities in Saudi medical schools and suggest intervening at the medical school, clinical practice, and population levels to increase CRC screening practices.

scholarly journals Recognition and Participation of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Turkey: Meta-analysis of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aydoğan ◽  
S Metintaş ◽  
M F Önsüz
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies about the proportion of recognition of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy (CS) methods and participation to them in any period of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Turkey. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Turkey Citation Index and YOK Thesis Center databases were screened both in Turkish and English language to identify relevant studies and key words ’colorectal cancer’, ’colon cancer’, ’cancer screening’, ’information’, ’attitude’, ’behavior’, ’awareness’ and ’Turkey’ were. Criteria for inclusion in the analysis were; conducted in Turkey, original and cross-sectional, conducted CRC risky groups (having CRC in the first degree patients and 50 and above age), studies that give the number of participants and number of taking FOBT and CS screening in any period of their lives and/or the number of knowing them. The studies that met the criteria were read as double blind. The data were entered into the Open Meta Analyst demo program. Because of p &lt; 0.001 in the heterogeneity test, random effects model was used in group analysis of the articles. The proportion and 95% confidence interval of knowing and taking FOBT and CS were calculated from the total number of cases. Results A total of 1176 articles were reached in first review. Duplications and inappropriated studies were eliminated, and 52 studies were selected. Eight studies about recognition FOBT, 16 about participation FOBT, 9 about recognition CS and 17 about participation CS were taken in analysis. After analysis it was found that 1315 of 4334 individuals (19.3%, 95%CI:6.6-32.1) recognized to FOBT, 1174 of 6825 individuals (13.2%, 8.0-18.5) participated to FOBT, 2197 of 5728 individuals (31.7%, 18.2-45.2) recognized to CS and 913 of 8860 individuals (10.0%, 8.1-12.0) participated to CS. Conclusions The proportion of recognition and participation to FOBT and CS were found less than expected. Key messages The proportion of recognition and participation CRC screening methods is low in risky groups. Awareness and participation of screening should be increased in risky groups.

scholarly journals Circulating Noncoding RNAs Have a Promising Future Acting as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-jun Wang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yong-xi Song ◽  
Jun-hua Zhao ◽  
Jing-xu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, causing a large number of cancer-related deaths each year. Patients are usually diagnosed at advanced and incurable stages due to the lack of suitable screening methods for early detection. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), are known to have significant regulatory functions, and accumulating evidence suggests that circulating ncRNAs have potential applications as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing CRC, evaluating its prognosis, or predicting chemosensitivity in the general population. In this review, we summarize the origins of circulating ncRNAs and provide details of single and multiple circulating ncRNAs that might have roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CRC. We end by discussing circulating ncRNAs that may distinguish patients with resistance to chemotherapy.

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