scholarly journals Circulating Noncoding RNAs Have a Promising Future Acting as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-jun Wang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yong-xi Song ◽  
Jun-hua Zhao ◽  
Jing-xu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, causing a large number of cancer-related deaths each year. Patients are usually diagnosed at advanced and incurable stages due to the lack of suitable screening methods for early detection. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), are known to have significant regulatory functions, and accumulating evidence suggests that circulating ncRNAs have potential applications as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing CRC, evaluating its prognosis, or predicting chemosensitivity in the general population. In this review, we summarize the origins of circulating ncRNAs and provide details of single and multiple circulating ncRNAs that might have roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CRC. We end by discussing circulating ncRNAs that may distinguish patients with resistance to chemotherapy.

Early Diagnosis of Occult Blood of Colorectal Cancer Based on Nano-Colloidal Gold Sandwich Immunochromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1525-1534
Author(s):  
Yongying Wu ◽  
Jiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Yang ◽  
Zou Yin ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Crc Screening

The development of science and technology has deepened people’s understanding of cancer, changing the management of malignant tumors in the medical field. Given the common precancerous characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC), researchers studied early CRC screening. The complexity of traditional diagnostics forced medical staff to speed up CRC innovation early screening methods. Here, we prepared nano-colloidal gold raw materials with different particle sizes (15 and 30 nm) and observed the morphological characteristics and properties of the materials. Simultaneously, the nanocolloidal gold double antibody sandwich kit was designed through the optimum pH value and protein content screening experiment. The results of clinical enteroscopy confirmed the important guiding significance of the equipment in early CRC screening.

scholarly journals Identification of Hub Genes Associated With Sensitivity of 5-Fluorouracil Based Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Wang ◽  
Qunhui Wei ◽  
Yuqiao Chen ◽  
Shichao Long ◽  
Yuanbing Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been used for the standard first-line treatment for CRC patients for several decades. Although 5-FU based chemotherapy has increased overall survival (OS) of CRC patients, the resistance of CRC to 5-FU based chemotherapy is the principal cause for treatment failure. Thus, identifying novel biomarkers to predict response to 5-FU based chemotherapy is urgently needed. In the present study, the gene expression profile of GSE3964 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to explore the potential genes related to intrinsic resistance to 5-FU. A gene module containing 81 genes was found to have the highest correlation with chemotherapy response using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Then a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and ten hub genes (TGFBI, NID, LEPREL2, COL11A1, CYR61, PCOLCE, IGFBP7, COL4A2, CSPG2, and VTN) were identified using the CytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape. Seven of these hub genes showed significant differences in expression between chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-resistant samples. The prognostic value of these seven genes was evaluated using TCGA COAD (Colorectal Adenocarcinoma) data. The results showed that TGFBI was highly expressed in chemotherapy-sensitive patients, and patients with high TGFBI expression have better survival.

scholarly journals Prospects of Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaixiang Zhou ◽  
Qiuran Xu ◽  
Chao Ni ◽  
Song Ye ◽  
Xiaowu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Global Health Problem

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health problem and one of the most common malignant tumors. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These RNAs may be involved in a variety of pathological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, abnormal expression of ncRNAs in HCC may provide potential prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the role and potential applications of ncRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and snoRNAs in liver cancer.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Biomarkers: Potential Applications in Gastrointestinal Cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqiu Li ◽  
Hongchuan Jin ◽  
Xian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Potential Applications

Genetics and epigenetics coregulate the cancer initiation and progression. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNAs. Aberrant epigenetic modifications play a fundamental role in the formation of gastrointestinal cancers. Advances in epigenetics offer a better understanding of the carcinogenesis and provide new insights into the discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis, and prognosis prediction of human cancers. This review aims to overview the epigenetic aberrance and the clinical applications as biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers mainly gastric cancer and colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Circulating Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Katiusse Alves dos Santos ◽  
Isabelle Cristina Clemente dos Santos ◽  
Carollyne Santos Silva ◽  
Hériks Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Igor de Farias Domingos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. It is a multifactorial disease that involves environmental factors, genetic factors, and lifestyle factors. Due to the absence of specific and sensitive biomarkers, CRC patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and consequently suffer from a low 5-year overall survival rate. Despite improvements in surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, the prognosis of patients with CRC remains unfavorable due to local and distant metastases. Several studies have shown that small noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs packed in exosomes, are potential biomarkers in various types of cancers, including CRC, and that they can be detected in a stable form in both serum and plasma. In this review, we report the potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs to act as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods and Molecular Markers for Early Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382098042
Author(s):  
Ziwei Wu ◽  
You Li ◽  
Yibin Zhang ◽  
Hui Hu ◽  
Tangwei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Methylation Assay ◽  
Advanced Adenomas ◽  
Advanced Development

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract in humans. The development of colorectal cancer is composed of multiple stages, starting with benign adenomatous polyps in the inner wall of the large intestine and rectum, and then gradually developing. Then it developed into advanced adenomas carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Represents the distant metastasis of the most advanced development. The purpose of this review is to novel routine screening and diagnostic methods (e.g., Endoscopy and CT colonoscopy, SEPT9 methylation assay, Fecal test) and find reliable molecular markers for early diagnosis of CRC.

Role of Regulatory Oncogenic or Tumor Suppressor miRNAs of PI3K/AKT Signaling Axis in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4605-4610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atena Soleimani ◽  
Farzad Rahmani ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
Mikhail Ryzhikov ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Radio Therapy ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and its incidence is increasing. In most patients with CRC, the PI3K/AKT signaling axis is over-activated. Regulatory oncogenic or tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) for PI3K/AKT signaling regulate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, as well as resistance to chemo-/radio-therapy in colorectal cancer tumor tissues. Thus, regulatory miRNAs of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling represent novel biomarkers for new patient diagnosis and obtaining clinically invaluable information from post-treatment CRC patients for improving therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNAs’ regulatory roles of PI3K/AKT signaling in CRC pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Circulating Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer (CRC)—Their Utility in Diagnosis and Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2391
Author(s):  
Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając ◽  
Barbara Mroczko
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Number Of Publications

The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to increase, with 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million annual deaths by 2030. Therefore, the establishment of novel biomarkers useful in the early diagnosis of CRC is of utmost importance. A number of publications have documented the significance of the overexpression of several specific proteins, such as inflammatory mediators, in CRC progression. However, little is known about the potential utility of these proteins as circulating blood tumor biomarkers of CRC. Therefore, in the present review we report the results of our previous original studies as well as the findings of other authors who investigated whether inflammatory mediators might be used as novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. Our study revealed that among all of the tested proteins, serum M-CSF, CXCL-8, IL-6 and TIMP-1 have the greatest value in the diagnosis and progression of CRC. Serum TIMP-1 is useful in differentiating between CRC and colorectal adenomas, whereas M-CSF and CRP are independent prognostic factors for the survival of patients with CRC. This review confirms the promising significance of these proteins as circulating biomarkers for CRC. However, due to their non-specific nature, further validation of their sensitivity and specificity is required.

scholarly journals Brain Long Noncoding RNAs: Multitask Regulators of Neuronal Differentiation and Function

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3951
Author(s):  
Sarva Keihani ◽  
Verena Kluever ◽  
Eugenio F. Fornasiero
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Control Robustness ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
And Function ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Neuronal Physiology

The extraordinary cellular diversity and the complex connections established within different cells types render the nervous system of vertebrates one of the most sophisticated tissues found in living organisms. Such complexity is ensured by numerous regulatory mechanisms that provide tight spatiotemporal control, robustness and reliability. While the unusual abundance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in nervous tissues was traditionally puzzling, it is becoming clear that these molecules have genuine regulatory functions in the brain and they are essential for neuronal physiology. The canonical view of RNA as predominantly a ‘coding molecule’ has been largely surpassed, together with the conception that lncRNAs only represent ‘waste material’ produced by cells as a side effect of pervasive transcription. Here we review a growing body of evidence showing that lncRNAs play key roles in several regulatory mechanisms of neurons and other brain cells. In particular, neuronal lncRNAs are crucial for orchestrating neurogenesis, for tuning neuronal differentiation and for the exact calibration of neuronal excitability. Moreover, their diversity and the association to neurodegenerative diseases render them particularly interesting as putative biomarkers for brain disease. Overall, we foresee that in the future a more systematic scrutiny of lncRNA functions will be instrumental for an exhaustive understanding of neuronal pathophysiology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document