Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentrations Are Inversely Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Premenopausal Women

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which is secreted by granulosa cells of late preantral and small antral follicles, is a marker of ovarian reserve. The association of ovarian reserve with subclinical atherosclerosis in women of reproductive age is currently unknown. We primary investigated whether AMH levels are associated with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy, normally menstruating women. In this cross-sectional study, vascular structure and function were assessed by measurement of carotid and femoral intima–media thickness (IMT), flow-mediated dilation, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. Lipid profile and serum AMH concentrations were also measured. Seventy premenopausal women, aged 32.7 ± 6.5 years, were included. Mean AMH levels were lower in smokers than in non-smokers and negatively associated with total cholesterol (TC) levels. An inverse association between mean AMH concentrations and femoral and carotid IMT in all segments was observed. No correlation with other markers of subclinical atherosclerosis or established cardiovascular (CV) risk factors was found. After multivariable adjustment, the association between AMH concentrations and combined carotid IMT or carotid bulb IMT remained significant. In conclusion, in healthy, normally ovulating women, AMH concentrations are negatively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis indices and TC levels, independently of established CV risk factors.

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Anti-Mullerian hormone concentrations are inversely associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in premenopausal women

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

D Delialis ◽

I Lamprinoudaki ◽

S Stergiotis ◽

R Patras ◽

P Chatzivasileiou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Premature Menopause ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Cv Disease

Abstract Background Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) constitutes a marker of ovarian reserve and appears to have a predictive role regarding the time of menopause. Moreover, AMH is associated with adverse cardiac events. History of premature menopause and early onset of menopause have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. In addition, menopausal transition and duration of menopause have been associated with increased burden of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the association between AMH as a marker of female reproductive age with atherosclerosis in premenopausal women is currently unknown. Purpose To investigate whether AMH concentrations are associated with markers of early atherosclerosis in healthy, normally menstruating women. Methods In a cross-sectional study, vascular structure and function were assessed by measurement of carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (IMT), lipid profile and serum AMH concentrations were assessed. Exclusion criteria were clinically overt CV disease, abnormal ovulatory cycles, polycystic ovarian syndrome, acute infection or chronic inflammatory disease, risk factors for CV disease and any medication Results Seventy premenopausal women, aged 32.7±6.5 years, were included. Mean AMH levels were lower in smokers than in non-smokers and negatively associated with total cholesterol (TC) levels. An inverse association between mean AMH concentrations and IMT in all segments was observed. No correlation with other markers of subclinical atherosclerosis or traditional CV risk factors was found. After multi-variable adjustment for traditional CV risk factors, the association between AMH concentrations combined IMT and carotid bulb IMT, remained significant. Conclusions In healthy, normally ovulating women, low AMH concentrations are associated with an adverse lipid profile and subclinical atherosclerosis, independently of traditional CV risk factors. This finding suggest a role of decreased follicular reserve with atherosclerotic disease. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Assessment of the relationship between estimated cardiovascular risk and structural damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease ◽

10.1177/1759720x20982837 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 1759720X2098283

Author(s):

María Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda ◽

Iván Arias de la Rosa ◽

Clementina López Medina ◽

María del Carmen Castro-Villegas ◽

María del Carmen Ábalos-Aguilera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Linear Models ◽

Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Cross Sectional

Aims: To evaluate the association of estimated cardiovascular (CV) risk and subclinical atherosclerosis with radiographic structural damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods: Cross-sectional study including 114 patients axSpA from the SpA registry of Córdoba (CASTRO) and 132 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Disease activity and the presence of traditional CV risk factors were recorded. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were evaluated through carotid ultrasound and the SCORE index was calculated. Radiographic damage was measured though modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS). The association between mSASSS and SCORE was tested using generalized linear models (GLM), and an age-adjusted cluster analysis was performed to identify different phenotypes dependent on the subclinical CV risk. Results: Increased traditional CV risk factors, SCORE, and the presence of carotid plaques were found in axSpA patients compared with HCs. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques and SCORE were associated with radiographic structural damage. The GLM showed that the total mSASSS was associated independently with the SCORE [β coefficient 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.38] adjusted for disease duration, age, tobacco, C-reactive protein, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) intake. Hard cluster analysis identified two phenotypes of patients. Patients from cluster 1, characterized by the presence of plaques and increased cIMT, had a higher prevalence of CV risk factors and SCORE, and more structural damage than cluster two patients. Conclusion: Radiographic structural damage is associated closely with increased estimated CV risk: higher SCORE levels in axSpA patients were found to be associated independently with mSASSS after adjusting for age, disease duration, CRP, tobacco and NSAID intake.

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The effect of prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy on ovarian reserve in patients who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy

Journal of Ovarian Research ◽

10.1186/s13048-021-00825-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shizhuo Wang ◽

Jiahui Gu

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Ovarian Reserve ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bilateral Salpingectomy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Bilateral salpingectomy has been proposed to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but it is not clear whether the surgery affects ovarian reserve. This study compares the impact of laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign disease with or without prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy on ovarian reserve. Methods Records were reviewed for 373 premenopausal women who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy with ovarian reserve for benign uterine diseases. The serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and three-dimensional antral follicle count (AFC) were assessed before surgery and 3 and 9 months postoperatively to evaluate ovarian reserve. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they underwent prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy. The incidence of pelvic diseases was monitored until the ninth month after surgery. Results There was no significant difference between the two surgery groups in terms of baseline AMH, E2, FSH, LH, and AFC (all P > 0.05). There was no difference in potential bias factors, including patient age, operative time, and blood loss (all P > 0.05). There was also no significant difference between the two groups 3 months after surgery with respect to AMH (P = 0.763), E2 (P = 0.264), FSH (P = 0.478), LH (P = 0.07), and AFC (P = 0.061). Similarly, there were no differences between groups 9 months after surgery for AMH (P = 0.939), E2 (P = 0.137), FSH (P = 0.276), LH (P = 0.07) and AFC (P = 0.066). At 9 months after the operation, no patients had malignant ovarian tumors. The incidences of benign ovarian tumors in the salpingectomy group were 0 and 2.68 % at 3 and 9 months after surgery, respectively, and the corresponding values in the control group were 0 and 5.36 %. The incidences of pelvic inflammatory disease in the salpingectomy group were 10.72 and 8.04 % at 3 and 9 months after surgery, respectively, while corresponding values in the control group were 24.13 and 16.09 %. Conclusions Prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy did not damage the ovarian reserve of reproductive-age women who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy. Prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy might be a good method to prevent the development of ovarian cancer. Larger clinical trials with longer follow-up times are needed to further evaluate the risks and benefits.

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Abstract P254: Risk Factors For Venous Thromboembolism in a Cohort of French Women

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap254 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Lajous ◽

Laura Tondeur ◽

Agnes Fournier ◽

Francoise Clavel-Chapelon

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Prior History ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Vein Thrombosis

Background: There is controversy over whether cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism (VTE) share risk factors. Prospective information on risk factors for VTE in otherwise healthy individuals is limited. Methods and Results We evaluated the relation between known risk factors for cardiovascular disease and incidence of VTE among 65,272 French women in the E3N prospective cohort study with no prior history of VTE and who were free of cardiovascular disease or cancer in 1993. All information was self-reported via mailed questionnaires and diet and physical activity were assessed using previously validated instruments. Between 1993 and 2007, 766 cases of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism were first identified through self-reports and validated using medical records and information from treating physicians. Cases were considered valid if the diagnosis was based on an imaging procedure. We evaluated the following risk factors: education, menopause, postmenopausal hormone use, treated hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking status and intake of alcohol, red meat, fish, fruits and vegetables, fiber and coffee. In a multivariable model with age as the time scale, we found that, compared to women with a BMI <22 kg/m2, the HR (95%CI) was 1.35 (1.14, 1.60) for 22–24.9 kg/m2, 2.11 (1.73, 2.57) for 25–29.9 kg/m2 and 2.88 (2.08, 3.98) for ≥30 kg/m2 and the p-trend was <0.0001. Menopause was found to be inversely associated with VTE risk [HR=0.60 (95%CI 0.45–0.80); postmenopausal vs. premenopausal women]. In analyses restricted to postmenopausal women, relative to never users current use of postmenopausal hormones was significantly associated to VTE risk [HR=1.44 (95%CI 1.18–1.74)]. No significant association was found with dietary and other cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion In this large prospective study only some risk factors for cardiovascular disease were associated to VTE incidence. We observed a strong inverse association between menopause and VTE.

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Identifying risk factors of anemia among women of reproductive age in Rwanda - a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2014/2015

10.21203/rs.2.14859/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dieudonne Hakizimana ◽

Marie Paul Nisingizwe ◽

Jenae Logan ◽

Rex Wong

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Woman ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Anemia among Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) continues to be among the major public health problems in many developing countries, including Rwanda, where it increased in prevalence between the 2015 and 2010 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) reports. A thorough understanding of its risk factors is necessary to design better interventions. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted in Rwanda on a nationally representative sample to assess factors associated with anemia among WRA. Accordingly, this study was conducted to address such gap. Methods A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the RDHS 2014-2015 report. The study population consisted of 6680 WRA who were tested for anemia during the survey. Anemia was defined as having a hemoglobin level equal to or below 10.9 g/dl for a pregnant woman, and hemoglobin level equal to or below 11.9 g/dl for a non-pregnant woman. Pearson’s chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression were conducted for bivariate and multivariable analysis, respectively. Results The prevalence of anemia among WRA was 19.2% (95% CI: 18.0 - 20.5). Four factors were found to be associated with lower odds of anemia, including being obese (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.40 - 0.91), being in the rich category (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63 - 0.87), sleeping under a mosquito net (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74 - 0.98), and using hormonal contraceptives (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.50 - 0.73). Five factors were associated with higher odds of anemia, including being underweight (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.78), using an intrauterine device (OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.05 - 3.75), being separated or widowed (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.67), and living in the Southern province (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.89) or in the Eastern province (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.88). Conclusion Anemia continues to pose public health challenges; novel public health interventions should consider geographic variations in anemia risk, seek to improve women’s economic statuses, and strengthen iron supplementation especially for Intrauterine device users. Additionally, given the association between anemia and malaria, interventions to prevent malaria should be enhanced.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adults living in the City of Bandundu, Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo. A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-144209/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ferdinand Mukoso ◽

Aliocha Nkodila ◽

François Lepira ◽

Pascal Bayauli ◽

Yves Lubenga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Background and aim: In limited resource settings, reliable epidemiological data generated from hypertension high risk geographical areas or people is a prerequisite for the planning of proven and effective interventions. The aim of the present survey was to assess the prevalence, awareness, control and factors associated with hypertension in adults living in the port City of Bandundu, located in the southwestern part of DRC.Methods: a cross-sectional survey using a modified WHO STEPwise questionnaire for data collection during face-to face interviews was conducted from 1st May to 30th October 2018. A multistage cluster sampling method was used and inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and informed consent. Information on demographic parameters, behavioral lifestyles, anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements was obtained. Hypertension was defined as an average of two BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported history of antihypertensive medication use. Independent factors associated with hypertension were identified using logistic regression analysis. P<0.05 defined the level of statistical significance. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 34,5% (Women 36,6 %). Older age (p<0.001), subclinical atherosclerosis (p= 0.021), sleep duration <8 hours (p<0.002), diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), and obesity (p= 0.009) emerged as main cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension.Conclusion: Hypertension was characterized by a high prevalence, low rate of awareness and suboptimal BP control, high cardiovascular risk and associated sleep duration and obesity as modifiable risk factors.

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Risk Factors of Hypertension among Diabetic Patients from Yaoundé Central Hospital and Etoug-Ebe Baptist Health Centre, Cameroon

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2020/1853516 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Beryl Kemche ◽

Brice Ulrich Saha Foudjo ◽

Elie Fokou

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Health Centre ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Central Hospital ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Stage 1

Uncontrolled blood pressure is a threat to diabetic patients’ life. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of hypertension among diabetic patients at different stages from Yaoundé Central Hospital and Etoug-Ebe Baptist Health Center of Cameroon. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months, and 109 participants (types 1 and 2), aged 24–81 years, were enrolled using simple random sampling. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, habitual behaviors, clinical history blood pressure, and anthropometric measures. The prevalence of hypertension was 86.2%. Of the total, 13.8% participants were normotensive, 32.1% stage 1 hypertensive, and 54.1% stage 2 hypertensive. Being a male (p=0.046) and not smoking (p=0.036) were negatively associated with stage 1 hypertension whereas eating less than 3 times (p=0.046) and duration of diabetes greater than 9 years among women (p=0.039) were positively associated. Age above 40 years (p=0.002) was negatively associated with stage 2 hypertension. However, age above 40 years had a negative effect among Christian, less educated diabetics, people having diabetes for more than 9 years, and those on medical treatment (5.556≤specific OR≤10.278). Duration of diabetes (age-adjusted OR=1.155; p=0.003) and abnormal waist circumference (crude OR=4.074; p=0.024) were positively associated with stage 2. Abnormal waist-to-hip ratio (crude OR=3.773; p=0.028) and feeding rate greater than 2 times a day (WHR-adjusted OR=3.417; p=0.046) were positively associated with hypertension (stages 1 and 2). This study suggests that hypertension, present at its two stages, is a serious health issue among diabetic patients. Thus, appropriate intervention should be put in place to prevent and control hypertension by managing identified risk factors.

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Periodontal Disease Is an Independent Predictor of Intracardiac Calcification

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/854340 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gregg S. Pressman ◽

Atif Qasim ◽

Nitin Verma ◽

Masami Miyamae ◽

Kumiko Arishiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Scoring Systems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Inflammatory Condition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Calcification Score ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽

Traditional Risk Factors

Background. Periodontitis is the most common chronic inflammatory condition worldwide and is associated with incident coronary disease.Hypothesis. We hypothesized that periodontal disease would also be associated with cardiac calcification, a condition which shares many risk factors with atherosclerosis and is considered a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.Methods. Cross-sectional study at two sites (USA and Japan) involving subjects with both clinical echocardiograms and detailed dental examinations. Semiquantitative scoring systems were used to assess severity of periodontal disease and echocardiographic calcification.Results. Fifty-six of 73 subjects (77%) had cardiac calcifications, and 51% had moderate to severe periodontal disease (score > 2). In unadjusted analysis, a significant relationship between periodontal score and cardiac calcification (Spearman rho = 0.4,P=0.001) was noted, with increases in mean calcification score seen across increasing levels of periodontal disease. On multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for age, gender, race, glomerular filtration rate, and traditional risk factors, this association remained significant (P=0.024). There was no significant interaction by study site, race, or gender.Conclusions. In a multiracial population, we found a significant association between the degree of periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, and cardiac calcification. Further, higher periodontal scores were associated with greater degrees of calcification.

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Trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a pooled analysis of five national cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e018468 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽

Md Mohiuddin Adnan ◽

Md Zakiul Hassan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Low Cost ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo determine the trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age from 1999 to 2014.DesignWe analysed nationally representative data from the 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years.Primary outcomeOverweight/obesity.ResultsA total of 58 192 women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age increased significantly from 7.53% (95% CI 6.83 to 8.29) and 1.82% (95% CI 1.48 to 2.24) in 1999 to 28.37% (95% CI 27.49 to 29.28) and 10.77% (95% CI 10.22 to 11.35) in 2014, respectively. Age, education, wealth index, watching television and contraceptive use were associated with overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity prevalence increased significantly among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age between 1999 and 2014. Development of effective low-cost strategies to address the increasing burden of obesity should be a high priority.

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