Tobacco prevention education for middle school and high school educators

2020 ◽  
pp. 001789692095034
Author(s):  
Caroline M Baer ◽  
Michaela A Khoussine ◽  
Page D Dobbs
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Knowledge Change ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Usa

Objectives: In an attempt to reduce tobacco use among adolescents in the USA, some health educators have created school-based tobacco education programmes. However, none currently exist for middle and high school educators. The current study sought to determine if middle and high school educators’ knowledge about combustible cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) improved following an educational session about youth tobacco use. Design: Pre-/post-assessment was employed to measure change in knowledge. Setting: Educators ( N = 41) from a rural, southern middle and high school were invited to take part in the study during an educational workshop held during an in-service training event. Method: In addition to seven knowledge questions, participants also provided demographic information and details of current and previous use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Chi-square analyses examined changes in responses to individual items, and total pre-/post-knowledge score change was compared using a dependent t-test. Independent t-tests examined differences between knowledge change and participants’ personal and behavioural characteristics. Results: Participants’ overall knowledge improved from pre- to the post-test ( p < .05); however, there was no relationship between pre-/post-test responses for individual items. In addition, there were no differences between participants’ knowledge change when compared by age, sex, grades taught and past use of cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Discussion: Increasing middle school and high school educators’ knowledge about tobacco products, particularly novel devices, is important due to the increasing rates of use among youth. More research is needed to determine how educators’ knowledge can help decrease tobacco initiation and use among school-aged children.

scholarly journals The Role of Tobacco Surveillance to obtain Policy, Systems, and Environmental Changes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Chung ◽  
Anne-Marie Coleman ◽  
FABAYO OLUWAYOMI ◽  
Kayla Lloyd ◽  
Emma Bicego
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
School Students ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Policy Systems

ObjectiveTo analyze tobacco use in Georgia to influence policy, systemsand environmental changes as tools to reduce its burden on healthoutcomesIntroductionTobacco use is the leading cause of preventable illness and deathsin Georgia. About 10.1% of deaths among adults in Georgia arelinked to smoking related illnesses. Most first use of cigarettes occursby age 18 (87%), with nearly all-first use by 26 years of age (98%).Although cigarette smoking has declined significantly since 1964,very large disparities in tobacco use remain across different sub-groups of the population. Multiple environmental, psychological, andsocial factors have been associated with tobacco use, including raceand ethnicity, age, SES, educational accomplishment, gender, andsexual orientation. These factors within the social environment havea huge influence on motivation to begin and to continue using tobaccoproducts for not just the individual but also certain community groupwithin the population. Established in 2000, Georgia Tobacco UsePrevention Program (GTUPP) is a program designed to meet theoverall goal of reducing the health and economic burden associatedwith tobacco use for all members of the community. By working withvarious partners, GTUPP plans, implements and evaluates policy,systems, and environmental changes designed to reduce tobacco-related illnesses and deaths. Best practice strategies focus on thefollowing goals: preventing the initiation of tobacco use amongyoung people; promoting quitting among young people and adults(e.g. Georgia Tobacco Quit Line (GTQL); eliminating exposureto secondhand tobacco smoke; and identifying and eliminating thedisparities related to tobacco use among various population groups.MethodsThe following data collection tools were used to educatecommunity members, local coalition groups and policy decisionmakers on the burden of tobacco use in Georgia: Youth TobaccoSurvey (YTS), Youth Risk Behavioral Survey (YRBS) and BehavioralRisk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These tools allows publichealth professionals to create messaging needed to reach differentstakeholders. The following are examples of key data points thatwere used to influence policy, systems, and environmental change:27,000 of middle school students and 79,000 of high school currentlyuse tobacco (cigarettes, smokeless tobacco or cigars). Approximately32,400 of middle school students and 72,900 of high school studentssay they have tried smoking electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).Smoking prevalence among adult males 740,000 is significantlyhigher than among females 510,000, and the overall smokingprevalence is highest among adults’ ages 25-34 years 292,000.ResultsCurrently, the following policies have been adopted as a resultof using surveillance to educate policy decision makers and multi-sector groups in the community at large: 116 school district are100% tobacco free, 28 parks and recreation are 100% tobacco/smokefree, 46 colleges/universities are tobacco free, 6 cities in Georgiahave a comprehensive smoke free air law, 65 multi-unit housing(private/public) are smoke free, and 132 hospitals are tobacco free.Between June 2015 and July 2016, over 15,000 Georgia tobaccousers used the GTQL services to make a quit attempt, and healthcareproviders through a systems change referral approach referred 13%of the users to the GTQL.ConclusionsWorking with schools (K-12), parks, colleges/universities,hospitals, worksites, and municipalities to adopt tobacco freepolicies and promote cessation services provides an opportunityfor all members of the community to be tobacco free. As tobaccouse is associated with chronic diseases it is imperative to engageall members of the community in tobacco free living. Removingavoidable structural and social barriers and equally implementingtobacco use prevention programs and policies is essential.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Webinar on Knowledge Regarding the Strategies to Prevent Covid 19 among Nursing Students of SIIHS, Honavar, Uttara Kannada

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagaya Arockiya Mary. A ◽  
Susai Mari.A ◽  
Wincy. C ◽  
Thirumurugan. M ◽  
Verginia Dsouza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

Background: The one virus stumbled the whole universe is the novel corona virus and impacted physical, emotional and social health status of almost every individual in the world irrespectively. Since the existence of Covid-19 till now it is been noticed that student nurses also affected by this fatal viral infection during their clinical practice. Objectives: The study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of webinar on knowledge regarding the strategies to prevent Covid -19 among student nurses of SIIHS, Honavar, Uttara Kannada. The study aimed at enhancing the knowledge level and influences others through effective health teaching at clinical areas and even in community settings. Methodology: An evaluative approach with pre- experimental, non-randomized, one group pre and post-test research design was adapted. The sample size was 294, purposive sampling technique was adapted. Data collected through testmoz web page and webinar was conducted by google meet app for one week. Data analysed by descriptive and statistical methods (chi-square and z-test) and interpreted by graphs. Results: The findings show that in pre-test 10(3.41%) had poor, 127(43.19%) had average, 157(53.40%) Good and 00% excellent knowledge level whereas in post-test 00% had Poor, 59(20.06%) Average, 176(59.86%) Good and 59 (20.06%) had excellent knowledge level. The pre-test mean score was 23.1 (46.2 %.) and of post-test was 35.6 (71.2%). The computed z’-test value showing significant difference in the pre (x?1=23.1) and post-test (x?2=35.6) knowledge score (p=1.18357, < z= -5.1679, critical z score=-1.6449 ? =0.05 level of significance). Hence the p value is greater than the z value (p(x?Z) = 1.18357e-7), it indicates the webinar was effective and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Conclusion: The study was concluded as the webinar was highly effective and influenced the participant to gain sufficient information on prevention and the spread of Covid 19. Hopefully this enables them to apply

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Selected Yoga Techniques to Relieve Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome Among Adolescent Girls of Selected High School at Bangalore

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1688-1698
Author(s):  
Nitu kumari singh (Gautam) ◽  
Laxmi Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Structured Teaching ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mind

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a challenging problem as the psychological changes which occur in adolescent period are much more stressful and complex. Premenstrual syndrome also known as premenstrual tension (PMT) is a collection of emotional symptoms, with or without physical symptoms, related to menstrual cycle of girls. Menstruation is a normal physiological cycle or process in all females of the reproductive age group. However some women, girls feel or affected by menstrual problem. Among those, PMS is one of the disorder and it is mainly due to hormonal imbalance in the body. Yoga which helps to harmonize the mind and breath with the body through various breathing techniques, yoga posture (asanas) and meditation which also helps in relieving pain. Yoga, tailored to chronic low back pain which helps to produce significant reduction in pain and depression. Several yoga poses helps to ease PMS and also help the mind and body to adapt with stress, anxiety and depression making to feel relaxed and calm, as well as enabling us to cope with psychological symptoms of PMS. The study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme (STP) regarding selected yoga techniques to relieve the symptoms of PMS among adolescent girls. Researcher adopted an evaluatory approach with pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design in the study. Self- structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge among adolescent girls regarding selected yoga technique to relieve the symptoms of PMS. Split half method was used to check the Reliability of the Tool and the tool was found reliable ( r= 0.88). probability simple random sampling techniques was used to select 100 adolescent girls from 3 high school. Findings revealed that the post-test knowledge score (26.49±2.48) was higher than pre-test knowledge score (10.25±2.46). The calculated ‘t’value in knowledge (51.34 p<0.05). The study found significant association between knowledge and demographical variables. Study concludes that structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding Yoga techniques to relieve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and practices regarding oral hygiene among middle school children at Udaipur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish K. Kumawat ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Dev Narayan ◽  
Dinesh K. Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Nagda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
School Children ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Middle School Children ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: The vision of the Indian dental association is to improve oral health and achieving optimal national oral health for all. So, the present study was aimed to improve the knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene using STP (structured teaching programme) among selected middle school children at Udaipur.Methods: Evaluative research approach and pre-experimental, one-group pre-test, post-test designs were adopted for this study. Using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique, sixty children were recruited from the sixth and seventh standards of selected middle schools at Udaipur city. Tools included demographic data, a self-structured knowledge questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential values by IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 23) software.Results: Data revealed that there was a lack of knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) on oral hygiene among middle school children which can be increased by administering STP on oral hygiene. The mean and standard deviation of post-test knowledge score and practice score 15.73±1.19 and 8.41±1.66 was higher than the mean and standard deviation of pre-test knowledge score and practice score 5.11±1.14 and 4.27±179 respectively.Conclusions: Greater attention to STP on oral hygiene is needed to improve knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) regarding oral hygiene among middle school children.

Correlations between teacher turnover and specific non-pecuniary school characteristics among secondary band and choral programs in a large urban district

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-282
Author(s):  
Nicole R. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Teacher Turnover ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
School Characteristics ◽  
Urban District ◽  
High School Band ◽  
The Usa ◽  
School Band ◽  
Choral Programs

This study was designed to examine teacher turnover among secondary choral and band programs ( N = 124) in a large, urban school district in the USA during a 10-year period (1999–2000 through 2009–2010). Also, this study investigated correlations between teacher turnover and specific non-pecuniary school attributes, including total school enrollment, total number of minority students enrolled in the school, total number of students classified as low-poverty, total number of suspension incidents, and total number of expulsion incidents. Overall, secondary music teacher turnover in this urban district negatively correlated with enrollment, minority, and suspension incidents. Specifically, middle school choral teacher turnover was negatively correlated with enrollment and minority, middle school band teacher turnover was negatively correlated with enrollment, minority, and suspension incidents and high school choral teacher turnover was negatively correlated with enrollment, minority, and suspension incidents. Interestingly, high school band teacher turnover was not correlated with any of the non-pecuniary school characteristics.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Bullying in Four Rural Middle and High Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Isernhagen ◽  
Sandra Harris
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Rural School ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Settings

Bullying in rural school settings is clearly a problem and some of our students are suffering as a result.. Bullying is defined in this study of 819 rural middle and high school students as when a student is exposed repeatedly to negative actions by one or more other students. Students responded to a questionnaire about how often and where bullying occurred and who students told. Analysis of the data reported frequencies, and the Pearson chi-square was used to test for significance (p <.05) for gender and school level. Results indicated that while there are many similarities, there are some differences in bullying at these two levels that should be considered when reducing bullying. First, students should be encouraged to develop positive strategies to react to name calling and teasing particularly at the middle school level. Second, administrators and teachers must communicate better with students that they care about reducing bullying, especially at the high school level.  

scholarly journals Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalina Mills ◽  
Michael J. Mann ◽  
Megan L. Smith ◽  
Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Age Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Older Adolescents

Abstract Background Parental support (PS) and parental monitoring (PM) are known protective factors against adolescent substance use (SU). However, little is known about whether PS and PM may affect SU outcomes differently by gender and age. This study examined the relationship between PS and PM and adolescent SU, specifically alcohol and tobacco use, stratified by gender and age group. Methods Middle and high school students (n = 2351, 48.5% Female) completed surveys of self-reported SU, perceived PS and PM, and socioeconomic background. Age group was defined dichotomously as grade 7–8 Middle school and grade 9–10 High school students. PS and PM were each measured using previously validated tools. SU was measured by lifetime and past 30 days cigarette/alcohol use. One-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression models were completed. Odds ratios and means were reported. Results PS and PM were significantly and negatively related to all outcome variables regardless of gender and age group. Mean differences in PS and PM were insignificant between age groups. Between genders, PM scores were significantly higher for girls (14.05) compared to boys (13.48) (p < 0.01). Odds Ratios of all four SU types (for alcohol and tobacco use) increased with higher age group, with ORs ranging from 1.45–2.61 (p < .05). Conclusions PS and PM were protective against SU for all participants, consistent with previous literature. Girls reported greater parental monitoring than boys, irrespective of age-group. While girls experienced higher levels of monitoring, they did not report lower SU than boys. This suggests that monitoring girls more closely than boys appears unnecessary in preventing adolescent SU. Finally, PS was a more significant factor in preventing SU for older adolescents (high school aged group) than for younger adolescents, irrespective of gender suggesting that PS may be more impactful and important as adolescents age. As children mature, particularly from middle school to high school, PS may play a larger role in preventing SU for older adolescents compared to younger ones.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENYULUHAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN KEPUTUSAN MELAKUKAN DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS DENGAN TES INSPEKSI VISUAL ASAM ASETAT (IVA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Nurmiaty Nurmiaty ◽  
Wahida Wahida ◽  
Elyasari Elyasari ◽  
Andi Malahayati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan keputusan ibu melakukan IVA. Desain penelitian adalah Quasi Experimental.  Analisis data dengan uji Wilcoxon dan chi square. Hasil penelitian skor pengetahuan sebelum di beri penyuluhan (T0) sebesar (65,66±12,55) dan setelah diberikan intervensi (T1) berupa penyuluhan, skor pengetahuan meningkat menjadi (81,13±5,62). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan signifikan terhadap pengetahuan, dimana (p<0,05). Skor sikap sebelum di beri penyuluhan  sebesar (58,75±16,60) dan setelah diberi penyuluhan (77,75±10,70)  hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan signifikan terhadap sikap ibu di mana (p<0,05). Skor keputusan ibu sebelum penyuluhan adalah (61,52±11,87) dan setelah penyuluhan (78,58±10,05). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan skor perilaku signifikan pada post test di mana (p<0,05), hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan dapat mempengaruhi tindakan ibu untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan IVA Test. Pemberian penyuluhan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, serta mempengaruhi sikap dan tindakan ibu untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks menggunakan IVA Test.The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of counselling on the knowledge, attitudes and decisions of mothers conducting an early detection of cervical cancer. The research design was quasi-experimental. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon and chi-square test. Based on the results of data analysis with Wilcoxon test obtained knowledge scores before counselling (T0) of (65.66 ± 12.55) and after counselling (T1) knowledge scores increased to (81.13 ± 5.62) p-values <0,05. The attitude score before counselling was (58.75 ± 16.60) and after counselling (77.75 ± 10.70) with a p-value <0.05. The results of the static analysis showed that the provision of counseling significantly increased the knowledge score, attitude score and the mother's decision to make early detection of cervical cancer with an IVA Test.  

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a School-Based Tobacco Prevention Program for Middle School Students in Saudi Arabia: A Quasi-Experimental Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2095340
Author(s):  
Dania E Al Agili ◽  
Hamisu M Salihu
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a school-based tobacco program in preventing initiation of tobacco use among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Methods: We used a quasi-experimental controlled design. Four intervention and four control schools were selected from the regional education registry. A baseline questionnaire was administered to all grade 7 students before implementing the tobacco prevention program, Dentists Fighting Nicotine Dependence (DFND). The intervention group (n =379) received the DFND program whereas the control group (n = 255) received the regular tobacco program administered by the Department of Education. The program was delivered by trained health educators over 5 weeks. Pre- and post-test surveys (immediate and 2-year post-intervention) were collected. Study outcomes were current tobacco use, tobacco knowledge, attitude towards not using tobacco, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) of tobacco use. Covariates included sex, parent education, academic performance, absenteeism, student allowance, and religiosity. Data were analyzed using a two-level hierarchical mixed models. Results: In the immediate post-test, 597 participants (intervention, n = 366; control, n = 231) were surveyed. There was no difference in tobacco use between intervention and control schools, however, the intervention group had significantly higher mean scores for knowledge (β = 1.27, SE = 0.27, P < .01) and attitude toward not using tobacco (β = 5.17, SE = 2.48, P < .05) after adjusting for covariates. At 2-year post-intervention, 463 participants (intervention, n = 289; control, n = 173) were surveyed. There were no differences in tobacco use, knowledge, attitude or PBC between intervention and control groups. Conclusions: Our program did not impact tobacco use. In the short-term, the program significantly improved knowledge and attitude towards not using tobacco. These effects decayed 2 years post-intervention without additional programming. Increasing the effectiveness of DFND may be achieved by expanding curriculum content and practice time throughout the school years and by targeting high-risk adolescents within the program.

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