Suicide in China: Community Attitudes and Stigma

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282199131
Author(s):  
Robin E. Gearing ◽  
Kathryne B. Brewer ◽  
Monit Cheung ◽  
Patrick Leung ◽  
Wanzhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide ◽  
Male Subjects

China accounts for an estimated third of the world’s suicides, yet individuals experiencing suicidality typically do not seek out or receive treatment. This study examines community perceptions and public stigma toward suicide. In Shanghai, China 186 adults were recruited to participate in a survey with an experimental vignette describing a suicidal individual, manipulated on gender and age, followed by questions eliciting attitudes toward suicide. Most participants agreed that the suicidal subject had a serious problem, with seriousness of the problem decreasing with participant’s age. Participants reported moderate levels of public stigma. More stigma was found toward adolescent subjects rather than adult. Male subjects were perceived as being more likely to change than females. The public’s accurate view of suicide without biases could help prevent suicide from getting worse. Public perceptions regarding a suicidal individual’s likelihood to change could lead to stigma reduction, which can subsequently help with effective crisis intervention.

How companies can manage community perceptions of the CSG industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Sally Commins
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
Industry Community

In today’s digital age, individuals, companies, and entire industries have never been more exposed and publicly answerable for any actions or planned developments they may take. This has become particularly apparent in the case of Australia’s CSG industry. Community and broader public perception of the industry is, for the most part, unfortunately unfavourable—why is this? The present global transparency agenda, a phenomenon that is witnessed in many other emerging industries, is incredibly susceptible to misinformation. Any individual, through accessible mediums such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube can create a popular grassroots movement in an instant, which is often embraced by the public without any appropriate critique. How does an industry combat misinformation? How do industries tackle the issue of a public so willing to embrace a negative perception of an emerging industry without the normal processes of analysis and examination? This extended abstract offers insight about the mindset of these communities througha qualitative analysis of public perceptions of the CSG industry, practical advice about how to most effectively communicate your company’s message to the industry, and an insight about how communities consume their media and how this is changing.

Sentencing Domestic Violence Offenders: A Vignette Study of Public Perceptions

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988853
Author(s):  
Nicole J. Horstman ◽  
Christine E. W. Bond ◽  
Li Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Domestic Assault ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Vignette Study ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
Domestic Violence Perpetrators

This study examined public perceptions of sentencing severity for males convicted of domestic violence assault compared with non-domestic violence assault. Over the years, surveys have reported changes in community attitudes toward seeing domestic violence as a more serious issue and an increased understanding of what acts constitute a domestic violence offense (Carlson & Worden, 2005). This study aimed to (a) examine whether public perceptions of sentencing severity differ between domestic and non-domestic violence assault offenses committed under similar circumstances; and (b) whether these perceptions remain after adjusting for personal attitudes, victimization experiences, and sociodemographic factors. After reading vignette scenarios depicting domestic and non-domestic assault, 284 undergraduate students responded to a survey about their perceptions of appropriate sentence outcomes and length. Results found that regardless of participants’ punitiveness (and other factors), the manipulation of the victim–offender relationship was a significant predictor for judgments of sentencing severity. Notably, the results highlighted a leniency effect in the perceptions of participants toward perpetrators of domestic violence when compared with those who received the non-domestic violence scenario. These findings imply that undergraduate students judge domestic violence as less serious and hence not warranting as severe sentencing as non-domestic violence assault perpetrators. The study indicates that public perceptions of sentencing severity for domestic violence perpetrators are not consistent with the reported shift in public perceptions toward seeing domestic violence as a serious public issue. These findings highlight the importance of continued community education about domestic violence as well as the need to take care when considering engaging public opinion in sentencing practices for domestic violence perpetrators.

scholarly journals Correlation of Laboratory Experts’ Performances in Primary Health Care (Puskesmas) and Patience Perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Hilda Meriyandah Agil ◽  
Rina Veronica ◽  
Tjipto Rini
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Health laboratory services are an integral part of health services to the community and expected to provide accurate information in each stage: pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic.Aims: This study aimed to determine the relationship between laboratory experts’ performances in Puskesmas against community perceptions conducted in 24 Puskesmas in Surabaya with a sample of 30 laboratory experts and 30 communities.Methods: This is a multivariate analysis research and data was obtained from the questionnaires given to the respondents and then performed data analysis using Pearson correlation.Results: The results indicated there was a significant relationship between the performance of laboratory experts with the perception of the community (ρ = 0.001). There is a relationship between the pre-analytic stage performance (ρ = 0.002), the analytic stage (ρ = 0.004) and post-analytic (ρ = 0.007).Conclusion: Based on the performance appraisal of laboratory personnel in the Puskesmas including significant pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic activities on public perceptions there was a significant relationship, and the most significant relationship was found at the pre-analytic stage.

The Persistence of Stigma Reduction After Teaching Abnormal Psychology Using Celebrity Narratives

2020 ◽  
pp. 009862832097988
Author(s):  
Anne Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Abnormal Psychology ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Psychology Course

Research shows that stigma toward mental illness prevents a large percentage of college students from seeking help. Finding pedagogies that can be utilized in the classroom to reduce stigma is important. The present study replicated previous research that utilized celebrity case material in the teaching of abnormal psychology for the purpose of reducing public stigma toward mental illness and help seeking. The present study also examined whether stigma reductions would persist beyond the initial post-testing. Data were collected using a pre-post design from 48 (experimental group) and 23 (control group) college undergraduates enrolled in an abnormal psychology course. Compared to the control group, the use of celebrities as narratives to teach about mental illness resulted in reduced public stigma toward mental illness and reduced stigma toward seeking help which persisted over a 6-month time period.

A Study of Online Scams

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Azlan Shah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The World

This chapter presents the overview of how the online fraud began; and how in starting to spread around the world. Mastering the motivation factor fraudster to do scamming. Also the perspectives of victim attitude, social media; the emerging trends of community attitudes and IT among public community among youngster or even among elders; the concept of motivation factors, by fraudsters; the characteristics of victim by dividing to gender and age stages; sustainable online media ;sustainable long hours of consuming internet; the importance of sustainable consumption, sustainability, and sustainable deterrence to avoid people being online scam victim. Mastering how this case working is essential for modern police organizations that seek to serve public and nation, reduce the loses are facing by victim in the future, strengthen strategy in combating online scam. It's also emphasize thoroughly the effect, and the consequences after victim got cheated by online. The chapter argues that mastering fraudster and victim attitude and knowledge to enhance the awareness and reduce online scam.

Not all dogs are equal: perception of canine welfare varies with context

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Cobb ◽  
A Lill ◽  
PC Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
Societal Expectations ◽  
Very High

Community attitudes drive societal expectations, influencing government and industry regulations that determine standards of care for industries reliant on animals. It is important for dog industry stakeholders to understand public perceptions and attitudes, to inform management strategy priorities relating to animal welfare. This study sought to determine if the welfare status of dogs (Canis familiaris) is important to people and whether the perceived level of welfare varies with dog context (eg companion, protection, stock herding, assistance, sporting, free-roaming, wild, etc). Over 2,000 self-selected adults completed a voluntary, internet-based questionnaire. Responses were received from more than twelve countries and from a range of stakeholders with varied experiences. Perceived welfare status of dogs varied significantly across 17 dog contexts and roles, from extremely low (eg fighting dogs) to very high (eg guide dogs). Over 95% of respondents agreed that the welfare of dogs was very important to them. Demographic features of respondents did not relate to meaningful differences in reported importance of canine welfare or ratings of perceived welfare of dogs. The constructs underlying how people perceive the welfare of dogs appear complex and multi-dimensional. As public scrutiny forces reassessment of the welfare status of animals used in various contexts, proactive management of perceived welfare issues by companion and working dog industry stakeholders, including government, industry organisations, advocacy groups, and animal welfare researchers, is likely to be key to the sustainable participation of dogs in these roles.

scholarly journals The Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality in Reducing Public Stigma of Mental Illness in the University Population of Hong Kong: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/23683 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. e23683
Author(s):  
Anna S Y Yuen ◽  
Winnie W S Mak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Audio Narration ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness

Background Public stigma in mental health often brings various adverse effects on people with mental illness. Researchers have been developing different interventions in combating public stigma. Objective This study investigates the effects of immersive virtual reality (IVR) in reducing the public stigma of mental illness using a single-blinded randomized control trial. Methods A pre-post experimental design with a 1-week follow-up was conducted. Participants (N=206) were recruited through the mass mail system of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and randomized into 3 conditions: immersive animation, text, and control. In the immersive animation condition (n=72), participants experienced the simulation of daily life and the stigma experienced as an animated story protagonist with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with IVR. In the text condition (n=65), participants experienced an identical story to the immersive animation condition with first-person audio narration using the same virtual reality headset. In the control condition (n=69), participants watched a video about planets with IVR. All participants received interventions with a researcher-assisted Oculus Go virtual reality headset. Participants’ public stigma was measured through self-administered online questionnaires and compared across conditions and at different time points using repeated measures analysis of variance. Simple and sequential mediation analyses on the relationship of condition (immersive animation vs text) and follow-up public stigma with possible mediators, including sense of embodiment and story transportation, were conducted using PROCESS. Results Public stigma did not differ significantly across conditions at pre-experiment (P>.99). In the immersive animation and text conditions, public stigma was significantly reduced at postexperiment and at the 1-week follow-up compared to pre-experiment (all with P<.001). Public stigma in the control condition at postexperiment and follow-up remained unchanged compared with pre-experiment (P=.69). Immersive animation had significantly lower public stigma than the control at postexperiment (P=.003) and follow-up (P=.02). Text also had lower public stigma than the control at postexperiment (P=.007) and follow-up (P=.03). However, immersive animation did not significantly differ from text in public stigma at postexperiment and follow-up (both P>.99). In simple mediation models, both sense of embodiment (95% CI –0.22 to 0.46) and story transportation (95% CI –0.18 to 0.00) were not significant mediators. In the sequential mediation model, both sense of embodiment and story transportation were significant sequential mediators. Sense of embodiment was positively associated with story transportation (P<.001), while story transportation was negatively associated with public stigma (P<.001). The indirect effect of the sequential mediation model was significant (95% CI –0.38 to –0.11). Conclusions This study provides novel findings and a rigorous comparison in understanding the effects of IVR on public stigma. The findings showed that IVR and text with audio narration performed similarly and significantly in stigma reduction. Sense of embodiment and story transportation were found to be sequentially associated with public stigma reduction. Trial Registration Centre for Clinical Research and Biostatistics Clinical Trial Registry CUHK_Ccrb00638; https://www2.ccrb.cuhk.edu.hk/registry/public/632

scholarly journals Public Perceptions of Legal Aspects of Price Tagging of Balinese Betutu Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Simon Nahak ◽  
Agus Darma Yoga ◽  
Mirsa Umiyati
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
The Law ◽  
Level Of Understanding

This study aims to determine community perceptions about the legal aspects of price tagging in Balinese chicken Betutu sales. The population of this study was housewives in Banjar Anyar, Sumertha Kelod Village, East Denpasar District, Denpasar, Bali. This study used a survey sample (cross sectional study). The variables of this study are: (1) The importance of giving price tags; (2) Without the label violating the law; (3) The constitution on the sale of goods. Based on the analysis, the results of this study indicate that as much as 65% of respondents consider the price tagging important in sales and 3.9% of the 103 respondents consider that the price tagging in selling Balinese chicken Betutu is less important. Meanwhile, at the level of understanding without labels violating the law, 55.3% of respondents did not know that without a label in selling Balinese chicken betutu was against the law and only 14.6% of respondents knew that without a label in selling Balinese chicken Betutu was against the law. At the level of understanding of the laws on the sale of goods, 77.7% of respondents did not know about the laws on selling goods and only 4.9% of respondents knew about the laws on selling goods. Based on these results it can be concluded that there are still many people who do not know the importance of labeling a business product and the legal aspects of labeling a business product.

Age, Gender and Fractal Scaling in Heart Rate Variability

1997 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Otsuka ◽  
Germaine Cornelissen ◽  
Franz Halberg
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Fractal Scaling ◽  
Correlation Integral ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Male Subjects

1. The fractal scaling of heart rate variability, gauged by the correlation dimension (CD), is hypothesized to be characterized by a time structure (chronome), which in health shows differences as a function of gender and age. 2. From 24 h Holter records of 44 clinically healthy male subjects in four age groups (5–10, 20–25, 40–45 and 60–65 years; n = 11 in each group), 500 s sections at 4 h intervals for 24 h were analysed for smoothed R-R intervals sampled at 4 Hz. Using an algorithm modified from Grassberger and Procaccia (Physica D 1983; 9: 189–208), the correlation integral was estimated for embedding dimensions from 1 to 20 with a 1.0 s time lag for each section. Nightly (02.00 hours-06.00 hours) ECG records were similarly analysed in 72 additional clinically healthy subjects of both genders, 5–70 years of age. The single cosinor assessed the circadian characteristics; one- and two-way analyses of variance and linear regression were used to examine changes as a function of gender and age. 3. The 24 h average of CD is largest in the 20–25-year-old men and decreases with age thereafter (P < 0.05). These changes apply in particular to the nightly CD values, which are higher in female than in male subjects (P < 0.001). Increasing age is associated with a decrease in the amplitude and an advance in the phase of the circadian rhythm in CD (P < 0.05). 4. A chaotic end-point from fractal scaling, yielding a non-linear index, such as the correlation integral, undergoes a circadian rhythm and changes with gender and age. This assessment in the chronome represents an added diagnostic tool in cardiology, and provides new end-points for the study of coherence among internal variables of autonomic mechanisms and of influences by external environmental variables upon them.

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