Is Outsourcing Practices in the Usa, Japan and Finland: A Comparative Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday M. Apte ◽  
Marion G. Sobol ◽  
Sho Hanaoka ◽  
Tatsumi Shimada ◽  
Timo Saarinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chief Information Officers ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Is Outsourcing

With increasing cost-reduction pressures, outsourcing of information systems (IS) functions has emerged as an important option for managers in companies around the world. In this paper we present the results of our exploratory, empirical research comparing practices of domestic and global IS outsourcing in the USA, Japan and Finland. The research methodology of a mail survey with similar questionnaires was used in all three countries. The paper provides new empirical evidence comparing these countries on the types of functions being commonly outsourced, the extent to which these functions are outsourced, views of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) on the desired cost savings and the comparative ratings of the advantages and disadvantages of IS outsourcing. Also compared are the roles played by different executives in making outsourcing decisions. The implications of these results for IS managers and directions for future research are presented in the conclusions.

Domestic and Global Outsourcing Practices of America's Most Effective is Users

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion G. Sobol ◽  
Uday Apte
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Chief Information Officers ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Global Outsourcing ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Is Outsourcing

With increasing cost-reduction pressures, outsourcing – selectively turning over some information systems functions and processing services to a subcontractor – has emerged in the last few years as an important option for chief information officers (CIOs). In this paper we present the results of our exploratory, empirical research into the practices and views of IS outsourcing. The research methodology of a questionnaire-based mail survey was used. The survey sample consisted of companies that were identified as the most effective users of IS by Computerworld magazine. The paper provides empirical evidence on the extent to which outsourcing of various IS functions is being practised, and the views of CIOs concerning the advantages, disadvantages and motives of IS outsourcing. The paper also sheds light on the relationship between various firm characteristics and IS outsourcing, and investigates the economics of, and decision-making processes in, IS outsourcing. There is a special focus on the comparison of USA-based and global IS outsourcing.

An Overview of the Worldwide Rise and Expansion of Home Education Homeschooling

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Brian D. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Current Situation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Home Education ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
World Today ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

This chapter outlines the current situation about homeschooling across the world today. It highlights its enormous growth over the last 40 or 50 years, since its reintroduction in the USA and the impact that has had on the world homeschooling movement. It describes the contested outcomes of home education, including the evidence that students' academic, social, and emotional outcomes are higher while also providing a solid basis for ‘graduates' of home education to experience success in adulthood. Theorizing the roots of this success, the chapter looks at the measures of success and the theoretical bases of the success of the mainstream schooled and explores how the features that make a successful graduate of mainstream schools are naturally and almost exclusively present in the home education setting, Finally, it considers how the current turn against home education and suggests how future research might be useful to counter these negative discourses about the practice while understanding this growing cohort of children across the world today.

scholarly journals The Use of Distance Learning and E-learning in Students with Learning Disabilities: A Review on the Effects and some Hint of Analysis on the Use during COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Donatella Rita Petretto ◽  
Stefano Mariano Carta ◽  
Stefania Cataudella ◽  
Ilaria Masala ◽  
Maria Lidia Mascia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
E Learning

Even if the use of distance learning and E-learning has a long tradition all over the world and both have been used to keep in contact with students and to provide lessons, support and learning materials, there is an open debate on the balance between advantages and disadvantages in the use of distance learning. This debate is even more central in their use to support students with Learning Disabilities (LDs), an overarching group of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect more than 5% of students. The current COVID-19 outbreak caused school closures and the massive use of E-learning all over the world and it put higher attention on the debate of the effects of E-learning. This paper aims to review papers that investigated the positive and negative effects of the use of Distance Learning and E-learning in students with LDs. We conducted a literature review on the relationship between Distance Learning, E-learning and Learning Disabilities, via Scopus, Eric and Google Scholar electronic database, according to Prisma Guidelines. The findings are summarized using a narrative, but systematic, approach. According to the data resulting from the papers, we also discuss issues to be analyzed in future research and in the use of E-learning during the current pandemic of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Evolution of COVID19 new cases in 16 countries and Scenarios for Brazil using metaphorical analysis of Board, Inverted Pyramid and Papyri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Inverted Pyramid ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Metaphorical Analysis

Since the end of 2019, the world has become aware of a new virus that has emerged in China, which in February 2020 was called by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2019) as Coronavirus disease (COVID19). Due to its fast transmission, at 18:32 (GMT) on March 29, 2020, the world has officially accounted for about 710,950 new confirmed cases with 33,553 deaths and 150,734 recovered cases (Worldometers, 2020). The pandemic has become the newest challenge for several nations, especially the USA, Italy, China, Spain, Germany, Iran, for being the most affected, and since Brazil is a continental country with disabilities in its Unified Health System, it could be in the next two months among the five most affected. Thus, the main objective of the research is analyze the evolution of new cases of COVID19 in 16 countries to present short-term scenarios and recommendations for Brazil to face the pandemic. The research is applied, as its results and recommendations can be applied with adaptation by government authorities, business managers and citizens. The research is descriptive, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on bibliographic and documentary research, involving the study of articles, reports, manuals and other technical documents related to the subject. For the creation of scenarios, data collection focused on the number of new cases registered in 16 countries, including Brazil, as well as in the development of an approach using metaphorical analysis of the Board, the Inverted Pyramid and Papyri. The main conclusion is that even though no country is prepared to face epidemics and pandemics (NTI, JHU and EIU, 2019), among the 16 countries investigated, Thailand, Finland, Australia, South Korea, Denmark and Sweden are benchmarks that Brazil could study in order not to repeat the scenarios of China, USA, Italy and Spain. At the end, ten recommendations are made for future research and also to public and private managers.

scholarly journals Growing Mediums for Medical Cannabis Production in North America

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1366
Author(s):  
Reza Nemati ◽  
Jean-Pierre Fortin ◽  
Joseph Craig ◽  
Shaye Donald
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
The Usa

The production and use of cannabis for medical purposes has been legalized in Canada and several states in the USA. Due to the historically illegal nature of cannabis, there is very little information available in academic publications about appropriate growing media for growing cannabis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the most commonly used growing media for the production of medical cannabis and to discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Based on current knowledge, there is a general agreement on the properties of a suitable growing medium within the cannabis industry. However, there is little consensus among growers on the best growing medium to grow cannabis. Different categories of growing media are widely used in North America. In this review, we classified them into several main categories principally based on the type of material used in their composition and the growth stages of the plant. The main categories include: coir-based, peat-based, rockwool, phenolic foam, and living soil. It is not easy to suggest the best growing medium for cannabis production. Each category of growing medium has its strengths and weaknesses. Overall, it seems that coir-based products are the intermediate substrates showing more advantages and less weakness; however, choosing any of these categories depends a lot on the growing technique and production system. Future research should focus on determining the optimal level of growing media properties to produce high yielding medical cannabis with the desired quality.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Challenges of Transition to Online Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Barbara Grah ◽  
Sandra Penger
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Personal Reflection ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
School Year ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world. It changed the way we do business, and it changed our lives in terms of socializing. Nevertheless, it also brought essential changes in the educational segment. This school year, at the tertiary level, courses’ contents and examinations are primarily done online in Slovenia due to the pandemic. In this paper, we examine the perceptions and challenges the third-year students of the Learning and knowledge management course conducted at the School of Economics and Business, University of Ljubljana, are facing. Specifically, we are interested in the challenges the students encountered during the transition to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the advantages and disadvantages of online learning, as perceived by students. What was used as the method to collect and analyze the data was personal reflection and content analysis. The findings show that students are facing different challenges. Nevertheless, also several advantages and disadvantages related to the online learning process are identified. We conclude by providing practical examples for pedagogical staff to ease the transition for students and avenues for future research. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

scholarly journals Problems of improving real estate tax in Ukraine in the context of world experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Iryna HUBARIEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
Cost Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Body Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Creation

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of real estate taxation of individuals in the countries of the world and to develop recommendations for its improvement in Ukraine. The features of taxation of real estate of individuals in the USA, Germany, Sweden, Poland, Bulgaria, Italy, France, Great Britain, Lithuania and others are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of taxation of real estate of individuals in the countries of the world are identified. Attention is focused on methods for determining the cadastral / assessed value of real estate for taxation. The necessity of reforming the system of taxation of real estate of individuals in Ukraine has been proved. The introduction of a cost approach to the appraisal of real estate in Ukraine requires a number of sequential actions: centralization of management and maintenance of the real estate cadastre in one state governing body; development of regulatory support for the creation and operation of the State cadastre of real estate, the mechanism and methods of state cadastral valuation; inventory of real estate objects with the assignment of a cadastral number; formation of the system of the State cadastre of real estate. The approaches to the establishment of tax exemptions on real estate of individuals in the countries of the world and in Ukraine have been investigated. In Ukraine, the basis for taxation of real estate of individuals should be the cadastral / assessed value of real estate with its gradual approach to the market value. The introduction of a cost approach to the appraisal of real estate in Ukraine requires: centralization of competences in one state governing body; development of regulatory support for the creation and functioning of the State cadastre of real estate, the mechanism and methods of state cadastral valuation; inventory of real estate objects with the assignment of a cadastral number; formation of the system of the State cadastre of real estate; taking into account the experience in the formation of the Land Cadastre, it is necessary to ensure the transparency of the tax on real estate of individuals through digitalization of tax services and administration processes (obtaining in electronic form a certificate of the cadastral / estimated value of property by cadastral number or postal address, paying tax for the Electronic Cabinet, having access to information on the procedure for calculating tax on each property, tax rates, the availability of benefits, debts, payment history, etc.). When levying a tax on real estate, it is necessary to assess feasibility of applying tax incentives in terms of differentiating the standard of living of the population in Ukraine in order to protect socially unprotected segments of the population. Property tax benefits for individuals should be linked to the cadastral / assessed value of the property by establishing a non-taxable minimum amount of the assessed value of the property and apply to only one residential property where the owner permanently resides.

scholarly journals Examining conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 in four countries: The role of disgust towards the political system and implications for prosocial behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110568
Author(s):  
Chanki Moon ◽  
Giovanni A. Travaglino
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Political System ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Since late 2019, the coronavirus SARS-COV-2 responsible for the COVID-19 disease has continued to spread across different regions of the world. As a result, governments have been implementing measures for controlling the disease which rely on people's cooperation. In this research, we considered predictors and implications of people's beliefs that they “haven’t been told the ‘whole story’ about COVID-19.” Specifically, we examined the role of disgust towards the political system in predicting conspiratorial tendencies across four countries, in Europe (Italy and the UK), North America (the USA), and Asia (South Korea). In addition, we investigated the implications of conspiratorial beliefs for individuals’ intentions to engage in prosocial cooperative behavior. In line with the idea that feelings of disgust towards the political system may indicate that people perceive the system as violating core norms, results showed that disgust was associated with stronger conspiratorial tendencies. Individuals’ conspiratorial tendencies were in turn associated with lower intentions to help others during the pandemic. Results were broadly consistent across the countries tested. Directions for future research are discussed.

A Comparative Analysis of E-Government in Latin America

2011 ◽  
pp. 158-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Curtin ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Composite Scores

This chapter introduces the United Nations global e-government readiness reports, for which we serve as primary researchers, with particular focus on Latin America. The UN reports provide useful composite scores and rankings on 191 countries worldwide with respect to e-government, e-readiness, and e-participation, as well as highlighting best practices that have been identified throughout the world. In particular, the UN reports provide meaningful insights into the development of e-government in Latin America—facilitating comparative analysis between regions, as well as country comparisons within Latin America.Basing itself on the UN report, the chapter provides a comparative analysis of e-government in Latin America—both intra- and interregional comparisons—with the main objective of elevating e-government literature to a more quantitatively rigorous and sophisticated level. This chapter aims at introducing the UN report, outlining its main findings, and reporting how Latin America compares with the world in e-government readiness and development. It first outlines the background of the UN report, followed by the research methodology. Then it discusses the findings relevant to Latin America, with a brief conclusion on topics for future research and discussion.

Advances in Automation and Cost Reduction in Spark Plugs Pressing System

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando R. Campos ◽  
Gabriel Augusto da Luz ◽  
Marcos Rivabem ◽  
Matheus Mocelin
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Time ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Automotive Market ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Pdca Cycle ◽  
Production Area ◽  
World Class

This study deals with the gain in quality and cost reduction in the pressing of the spark plug wires from the need to ensure a standard, eliminate quality defects such as poor contact of the cables generating low power failures and unexpected problems. The main objective is to study the best practices in the automotive market, to ensure a standard for fixing the spark plug wires, comparing them with the current method, pointing out potential gains from the analysis of deployment costs by reducing the time of labor and applying the results in the production line to ensure that the spark plug wires come out correctly set. To understand this work some key points were studied and addressed such as the system World Class Manufacturing (WCM), quality tools like FMEA, PDCA cycle and Kaizen. These were applied in the process of pressing the plug wires, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, seeking the best way to use. The results show the implementation of automation to press the spark plug wires in a positive manner towards the operation performed by the operator. Automation was accepted and used to run the company in 2014. Referring to the layout of the production area, there was a reduction in the cycle time of the post. Moreover, reducing the cycle time of the operator with consequent cost savings for the company and improved ergonomic operation was observed. It is concluded that the main goal, which was to ensure a standard for pressing the plug wires and eliminating quality defects, was achieved as evidenced by cost analyses, beyond the desaturation of the job, thus receiving new activities.

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