Modernization, Poverty Eradication, and the Process of Social Transformation in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-281
Author(s):  
Ndinawe Byekwaso
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The People ◽  
Food Shortages

To eradicate poverty, pro-market policies were implemented in Uganda. This article reveals that the policies did not improve the welfare of peasants. Instead, the peasants were made to depend on the market as a result of the harsh environment created that compelled them to increasingly abandon self-provisioning farming. Consequently, the people are increasingly faced with food shortages and the number of children dying of malnutrition is on the rise while land seizures are taking place. JEL Classification: Q02, Q11, Q15

Climate Change and Drought: Impact of Food Insecurity on Gender Based Vulnerability in District Tharparkar

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzoor Hussain Memon ◽  
Naveed Aamir ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
The People ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Arid Desert

Climate change has now become a reality that has intensified the sufferings of people living in arid ecosystems. Decrease in rainfall, rise in temperature and increase in the frequency of extreme events are some of the changes observed in the semi-arid desert of district Tharparkar. For thousands of years, people of Tharparkar are coping with drought and aridity of the land by using indigenous knowledge. However, global changes in the climatic pattern and deterioration of social and economic conditions have pushed the inhabitants of this arid region into extreme vulnerable situation. This paper investigates the link between climate-induced natural disasters, particularly drought, from the perspective of changing climate patterns which have resulted in food insecurity and water scarcity. The paper analyses the rainfall pattern in the last 38 years—dividing it into two periods i.e. from 1975-1994 and 1995-2014. The findings of the paper have challenged the prevailing notions about aridity and rainfall patterns in Tharparkar district. The research found that there is an increase in average annual precipitation in the district with erratic patterns. Thus, the nature of drought in the district has changed from its historic pattern of less or no rainfall to more but erratic rainfall that is more threatening to livelihoods of the people that in turn have multiplier effect on water and food insecurity. In particularly, women are more vulnerable in the absence of social security and lack of basic necessities for their survival amidst drought. For instance, traditionally the burden of managing water resources falls on women, which leads to an increased work load during the time of drought and also water scarcity. JEL Classification: Q54, Q56, Q25, I30 Keywords: Climate, Environment and Development, Drought, Water, Poverty

scholarly journals KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DESA ADAT SADE DALAM MENGHADAPI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-385
Author(s):  
Nur Arning Tengara Kasih ◽  
Renny Nurhasana
Keyword(s):  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
The People ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Virus Attack ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Living Strategy

Local wisdom of indigenous village communities can be interpreted as ideas, principles of life, behavior, rules or norms, taboos, and punishments derived from the experience of hereditary ancestors, one of which is to deal with life problems, namely disasters. COVID-19 is a disaster that causes difficult conditions to arise in society because it has an impact on all aspects of life. Therefore, people should fight against not only COVID-19 virus attack, but also food scarcity, and hunger. This study refers to the theory of local knowledge suggested by Geertz (1983) stating that local knowledge is born from experiences that have been passed in dealing with disasters and is knowledge owned by local communities and managed locally, in which there is a "cultural" system that aims to unite members within it. With the local wisdom that Sade Village has as a traditional village, the people have their way of dealing with COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the local wisdom of the Sade Village community in dealing with COVID-19. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method and the data is analyzed using triangulation. This study finds that local wisdom is used as a living strategy by optimally utilizing natural capital to deal with unexpected disasters. The tradition of togetherness, cooperation, and mutual assistance carried out by the people of Sade Village has made no one infected with the COVID-19 virus and can face food shortages, so this tradition needs to be followed by an example to deal with COVID-19. Another finding is the need to preserve agricultural work as a way of survival.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Effect of Covid-19 on the Society Through the Islamic Social Finance

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Alani AbdulKareem ◽  
Mohd Sadad bin Mahmud ◽  
Moses Elaigwu ◽  
Abdul Fattah Abdul Ganiyy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
The People ◽  
Major Burn ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Daily Wage

As at the end year of 2019, the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak had caused an unparalleled human crisis around the world. The disease is causing not just a health problem but also economic crisis. Numerous countries fell into meltdown and more people fell into poverty. The government may not be sufficiently able to take the economy back to its track. The concentration has now moved from the spread of the virus to the economic consequences it will bring to the community. The lack of production will lead to the deficiency of supply and therefore will end as loss of employment and jobs for a large number of people around the globe. The most significant sections of our society are SMEs and daily wage will bear the major burn of the crisis. Therefore, Islamic social finance, incorporating zakat and waqf, has to be adopted to address the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. Zakat and waqf are commonly practised in Muslims countries majority. Zakat and waqf function show the possibility and economic advantages of zakat and waqf properties for people’s prosperity. Moreover, zakat and waqf can be utilized to fill financial gaps and can likewise be utilized to create social wellbeing. This study explores the application and potential of zakat and waqf institutions for the social wellbeing of the people and economic development during and after Covid-19 pandemic. The study reviewed past studies on the potential of zakat and waqf as an alternative way for social development and economic growth. The study, therefore, observed that zakat and waqf institutions can improve economic activity through zakat and waqf properties use for various purposes such as health services, infrastructure, SMEs, poverty eradication and education. 

scholarly journals A Study on the Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Serving the Low-Income Group in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 339-353
Author(s):  
Nur Harena Redzuan ◽  
Amir Abidin Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
The People ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

A microfinance scheme was introduced in Malaysia in the year 1987 as one of the alternatives to poverty eradication strategies in the country by the government. Since then, several institutions have created to carry out the agenda of providing small loans to the low-income group to start up their small-scale business to generate more sources of income to support their household consumption. However, for a certain reason, the people still do not find microfinance an important tool to uplift their economic positions. Most of the low-income groups are still unaware of this golden opportunity tailored for them. Besides, the sustainability of these subsidized microfinance systems implemented by Malaysia had not been appropriately studied. This study explores the attractiveness of the products offered by microfinance institutions and emphasizes the option that the participants must start utilizing the product. This research also explores microfinance facilities that contain conventional finance element which is prohibited in Islamic trade. The study also discusses the measures and actions taken by microfinance institutions in serving the low-income group in Malaysia. This paper employs a qualitative method through interviews and content analysis. The report, journal publications, and other related documents were also analyzed in achieving the objectives. The study provides the impact that it may pave the way to an indistinct understanding of how Islamic microfinance institutions sustain their operations.

Historic-Phenomenological Evaluation of the Christian Experience in the Threshold of Human Development in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-152
Author(s):  
Victor Bassey Edet
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Christian Missions ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of Religion

Evolving discourses within the sphere of Christian experience and social development reveals that social transformation in the society cannot be separated from spiritual transformation. Religion as a social phenomenon has therefore become an acknowledged and strategic dimension in the development thinking and practice in contemporary society. But despite apparent contributions of religion to the development of many societies such as Nigeria, the role of religion, especially Christianity, has not been given due recognition in the history and development of a number of societies such as Ibesikpo Asutan of Akwa Ibom State. This study therefore examines the religious experience of the people towards development between 1912 when Christianity arrived and 2019. The method adopted for this work is the phenomenological and descriptive designs. Findings reveal that besides the consciousness of the transcendent and the question of God's existence, Christian missions in Ibesikpo Asutan have contributed immensely toward the development of the area.

Dalit Participation in Total Sanitation Campaign with Special Reference to Satara District in Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Pravin Jamdade ◽  
Suresh Jungari ◽  
Mahesh Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
The People ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Dalit Women

Development cannot be achieved without the participation of people from all segments of society. It is a process that requires collective action for social transformation or social change in the socio-economic and political lives of the people. The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) is one of the major programmes in India to promote sanitation and hygiene. The article is an attempt made to understanding the Dalit population’s participation in the total sanitation programme. The field visits in six villages reveal that illiterate 20 per cent respondents did not participate in the decision-making process. Gram panchayat has not given equal opportunity for participation to Dalit women in the planning process of the campaign activities. Educated people are more likely to get the opportunity for participation in planning and implementation of the scheme. Villages, even gram panchayats, have not conducted any awareness campaign to disseminate the information of the Campaign among Dalit and rural masses.

scholarly journals China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Potential for Social Transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Aftab Alam ◽  
Iqra Jathol
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
The People ◽  
International Investors ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan ◽  
Game Changer

CPEC offers Pakistan an prospect to address frequent of the economic and political issues troubling the country. If Islamabad and Beijing do not guarantee Balochi companies and workers play a famous role, it could jeopardize China's premeditated gains and Pakistan's most significant development project ever. Pakistan's government cannot afford to fuel further the anger and estrangement in this province. Baluchis must have a wager in CPEC's accomplishment. If CPEC is an implemented in a way that includes Baluchis in its rewards, (through obligation of funds for development and hiring Balochi companies and workers) CPEC has the impending to pull the province out of deficiency and calm the antigovernment anger. CPEC can be a game changer for Pakistan and China, but only if it is first a game changer for Baluchistan. For a state like Pakistan, which faces severe economic and political challenges, CPEC can establish to be a wildcard which will provide a big opportunity to soothe its economy while refining associations with its neighbors and by making Gwadar a trade and economic hub of the region. For an unbalanced economy of Pakistan, the passageway will offer a solution to its troubles and will open new horizons of development by improving socioeconomic conditions of the people and by elevating their quality of life. Many Special Economic Zones are conceived to be established in Punjab, Gilgit-Baltistan, KPK, Baluchistan, and Sindh. This will eventually bring prosperity with the speculation from the budding international investors and will help Pakistan drive its economic expansion. In ultimate remarks it is said that the project of this passageway is the "game change" in this region, it would be accomplished for the affluence of this region.

scholarly journals THE PARODY OF THE COMMONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-51
Author(s):  
Vasilis Kostakis ◽  
Stelios Stavroulakis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relations ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Peer Production ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Commons

This essay builds on the idea that Commons-based peer production is a social advancement within capitalism but with various post-capitalistic aspects, in need of protection, enforcement, stimulation and connection with progressive social movements. We use theory and examples to claim that peer-to-peer economic relations can be undermined in the long run, distorted by the extraeconomic means of a political context designed to maintain profit-driven relations of production into power. This subversion can arguably become a state policy, and the subsequent outcome is the full absorption of the Commons as well as of the underpinning peer-to-peer relations into the dominant mode of production. To tackle this threat, we argue in favour of a certain working agenda for Commons based communities. Such an agenda should aim the enforcement of the circulation of the Commons. Therefore, any useful social transformation will be meaningful if the people themselves decide and apply policies for their own benefit, optimally with the support of a sovereign partner state. If peer production is to become dominant, it has to control capital accumulation with the aim to marginalise and eventually transcend capitalism.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Evaluation of the Socio Economic Influence on the Employees of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Md. Mosaddeak Khan Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Classification Code ◽  
The People ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Human behavior in the sphere of life in general and in the area of job, in particular, depends on both internal and external factors. There are many well-accepted academic theories in regard to internal factors that affect job environment of the employees which eventually lead to their satisfaction or dissatisfaction. The external factors have not got such attention because these are country- specific and culture-specific phenomenon. Each country has its uniqueness which forms unique characteristic within her habitants. These country characteristics depend on various factors, and the fundamentals are those that are apparently beyond the immediate control of their people. History, topography, weather, socio-economic status of the people are few of the prominent factors that affect the job environment of most of the people of any particular country. In this paper, a theoretical evaluation of the effects of such prominent factors has been outlined keeping a farther scope to verify the postulates with real-time data. JEL Classification Code: A 14; J 08; Z 13

scholarly journals School Quality and Parental Schooling Decisions for Their Children: Public and Private Schools in Rural Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-202
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jehangir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Rural Pakistan

This study uses the Pakistan Rural Household Survey 2004-5 (PRHS), a rich set of households and school data, to examine parents’ schooling decision in rural Pakistan. Nested logit regressions are used to quantify the determinants of child school attendance. The analysis confirms that the greater the number of schools (public or private) in the local communities the higher is the attendance. Lower school attendance of boys seems to be the outcome of lower school quality more than it is for girls. A marginal increase in school quality correlates with increased school attendance in government schools more than in private schools. Nearly all school quality variables including control for number of schools in a community stand insignificant for girls. This shows that other factors might be of more importance than school quality of local schools for girl’s low attendance in rural Pakistan. Besides, parental education, especially mother’s education, and household income have strong positive impact on child school attendance. The greater the number of children in the household the lower is the child school attendance. Credit constraint seems not to be problematic as the estimated effect is statistically insignificant. The size of landholding seems to be important only in the case of girls schooling. JEL Classification: I21, I25, D13, C25 Keywords: Demand for Schooling, Public Education, Private Education, Pakistan

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