The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (12) ◽  
pp. 1219-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hazrati ◽  
Mahmood Reza Azghani
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Feasible Range ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Movement System ◽  
The Relationship

The physical activities such as pedaling can affect the lower limb muscles strength and rehabilitation. Improper pedaling can cause injury. In this study, we would investigate the effects of saddle place (saddle position and saddle height) on the behavior of muscles and joints. Moreover, we would try to reveal the relationship between the muscles activity (Act) and the joints reaction forces ( F) and saddle position and saddle height. To this end, the pedaling conditions are obtained from the biomechanical model of the human movement system presented in AnyBody software. The variations in 12 muscles Act and total, normal and shear F of ankle, knee and hip joints are studied for the various saddle places in the pedaling feasible range. The relationships of those muscles Act and joints F are predicted by the response surface method. The results indicate that the muscles and the joints behavior changes for various saddle position and saddle height. The maximum and the minimum of the total response are acquired in the ankle and hip joints, respectively. In contrast to the ankle and hip joints, the knee shear response is greater than the normal response. The predictive models of the muscles Act and the joints F (the regression coefficients ( R2) are 0.60–0.95 and 0.76–0.97, respectively) indicate their nonlinear behavior with saddle position and saddle height variations. Studying the muscles and joints behavior in different pedaling condition can be helpful for the suitable saddle placement in order for rehabilitation, muscles soreness reduction, and joints disorder treatment.

The relationship between time of swim start and the power of the lower limbs among young swimmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (81) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wądrzyk ◽  
Robert Staszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: Determining the relationship between time of swim start and the power of the lower limbs in boys and girls. Basic procedures: 32 swimmers, aged 15-16 years performed the CMJ (counter-movement jump) and the SJ (squat jump). The following were measured: jump height (H), maximal speed (vMAX) and maximal power as well as the average in absolute (respectively: P and PA) and relative terms (PREL and PAREL). Registration Recording of the start jumps to any style freestyle with the measurement of the time to cover the first 10 m of the distance was were conducted (t10). The following were determined: flight length and time (Lf, tf), height of hip joints at the time of start signal (Hh), angle in of the hip joints at the time of loss of contact with the block (AT) as well as at the time of immerging fingers in the water (AE), and the water attack angle (AA). The significance of differences between averages noted in the groups of boys and girls were evaluated and the correlations between variables were described. Main findings: The boys achieved lower t10 values and higher Lf, Hh and AT levels. In this group of subjects, only Hh negatively correlated with t10 (r=-0.57). Significant differences in the level of all variables noted for the boys and girls during the CMJ and SJ were observed. At the same time, none of the indicators characterizing CMJ were correlated with t10. In the group of boys, significant correlations were noted between t10 and H, vMAX, P, PREL, PA in SJ (-0.51≤r≤-0.72). Conclusions: There are differences between the boys and girls in performance of the start jump. One of their causes may be the disproportion in the strength of lower limb muscles. In boys, unlike girls, the SJ jump is valuable in testing the power of the lower limbs significantly correlated with the effectiveness of the start jump. The CMJ jump seems to be of low usefulness in predicting the effectiveness of a swim start.

Hubungan Motivasi dan Minat Masuk Program Studi DIII Kebidanan Dengan Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa STIKES ICSADA Bojonegoro

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cholida Khusnul Chotimah
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Increase Student Achievement ◽  
Learning Conditions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAKHasil belajar (prestasi belajar) merupakan perubahan perilaku yang diperoleh seseorang setelah mengalami aktivitas belajar. Perolehan aspek-aspek perubahan perilaku tersebut tergantung pada apa yang dipelajari oleh seseorang. Berhasil atau tidaknya seseorang untuk belajar disebabkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam pencapaian hasil belajar (prestasi belajar) yaitu berasal dari dalam diri orang yang belajar dan ada pula yang dari luar dirinya. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhinya, diantaranya adalah motivasi dan minat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi dan minat masuk Program Studi D  III Kebidanan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa  STIKES Insan Cendekia Husada Bojonegoro. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa Program Studi D III Kebidanan STIKES Insan Cendekia Husada Bojonegoro sebanyak 39 mahasiswa dengan  teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 39. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner. Analisis hubungan variabel dilakukan dengan menggunakan Yates Correction. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara motivasi masuk Program Studi D III Kebidanan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa           (ρ =0,027) dan ada hubungan antara minat masuk Program Studi D III Kebidanan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa (ρ =0,044). Saran untuk Program Studi D III Kebidanan STIKES Insan Cendekia Husada Bojonegoro agar meningkatkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa Prodi D III kebidanan STIKES Insan Cendekia Husada Bojonegoro dengan cara dosen atau pembimbing akademik menciptakan kondisi pembelajaran yang menarik, sarana prasarana yang menunjang, hubungan antara dosen dan mahasiswa yang baik, sehingga mahasiswa terdorong untuk butuh dan terus belajar dan melakukan pemantauan dan pendekatan lebih dalam terhadap mahasiswa tentang tujuan mereka untuk masuk di Program Studi D III Kebidanan. Kata Kunci : Motivasi, minat, prestasi belajar  ABSTRACT      Results of learning (learning achievement) is obtained by a person's behavior changes after experiencing learning activities. Acquisition aspects of the behavior change depending on what is learned by someone. Success or failure of someone to learn due to several factors that affect the achievement of learning outcomes (learning achievement) that comes from within the person who studied and some are from outside himself. Many factors influence it, such as motivation and interest. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of motivation and interest in D III Midwifery Studies Program with student achievement STIKES Insan Scholar Husada Bojonegoro. This type of research is analytic correlation. This study used cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all students of the D III Midwifery STIKES Insan Husada Bojonegoro Scholar at least 39 students with a total sampling with a sample of 39. This study used a questionnaire instrument. Variable correlation analysis done using Yates Correction. Results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between motivation incoming D III Midwifery Studies Program with student achievement (ρ = 0.027) and there is a correlation between interest in D III Midwifery Studies Program with student achievement (ρ = 0.044). Suggestions for Study Program D III Midwifery STIKES Insan Scholar Husada Bojonegoro in order to increase student achievement Prodi DIII midwifery personnel STIKES Scholar Husada Bojonegoro by way of a professor or academic supervisor creates an attractive learning conditions, infrastructure that support, the relationship between faculty and students good , so that students are encouraged to take and continue to learn and perform monitoring and deeper approach to the students about their goals for entry in the D III Midwifery Studies Program. Key Words : Motivation, interests, academic achievement

scholarly journals Analisis Efektivitas Program Pemberdayaan Anak Jalanan di Rumah Singgah Tabayun Kecamatan Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Dian Permata Sari ◽  
Titik Sumarti
Keyword(s):  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Program Participant ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Behavior Change Program ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the participants to effectiveness rate of street children empowerment and to analyze the correlation between the effectiveness of behavior change program with street children. This research was conducted in Cibinong, Bogor using a quantitative approach through survey method of 30 respondents from participants in Tabayun Shelter program. This research also supported by qualitative data with in-depth interviews, field observation, and document tracking. Quantitative data analysis was performed using Rank Spearman and Chi-Square correlation test. The results of this study indicate that the program participant characteristics such as age, type of job, working hours have relation with the level of program effectiveness. Test results showed that there are correlations between the levels of program effectiveness with program participants' behavior changes in the level of knowledge. This research also shows that program effectiveness in Shelter Tabayun still low.Keywords: effectiveness, characteristics, behavior changes---------------------ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik peserta dengan tingkat efektivitas program pemberdayaan anak jalanan dan menganalisis hubungan tingkat efektivitas program dengan perubahan perilaku anak jalanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei terhadap 30 responden peserta program di Rumah Singgah Tabayun. Penelitian ini juga didukung dengan data kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam, observasi lapang, dan penelusuran dokumen. Analisis data kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman dan Chi-Square. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik peserta program seperti usia, jenis pekerjaan, dan jam kerja memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat efektivitas program. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat efektivitas program dengan perubahan perilaku peserta program di tingkat perubahan pengetahuan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektivitas program di Rumah Singgah Tabayun masih rendah.Kata Kunci: efektivitas, karakteristik, perubahan perilaku

scholarly journals Muscle forces and the demands of human walking

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D. Sylvester ◽  
Steven G. Lautzenheiser ◽  
Patricia Ann Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Fossil Hominins ◽  
Force Curves ◽  
Behavior Function ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Reconstructing the locomotor behavior of extinct animals depends on elucidating the principles that link behavior, function, and morphology, which can only be done using extant animals. Within the human lineage, the evolution of bipedalism represents a critical transition, and evaluating fossil hominins depends on understanding the relationship between lower limb forces and skeletal morphology in living humans. As a step toward that goal, here we use a musculoskeletal model to estimate forces in the lower limb muscles of ten individuals during walking. The purpose is to quantify the consistency, timing, and magnitude of these muscle forces during the stance phase of walking. We find that muscles which act to support or propel the body during walking demonstrate the greatest force magnitudes as well as the highest consistency in the shape of force curves among individuals. Muscles that generate moments in the same direction as, or orthogonal to, the ground reaction force show lower forces of greater variability. These data can be used to define the envelope of load cases that need to be examined in order to understand human lower limb skeletal load bearing.

scholarly journals UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL MATERI SISTEM GERAK PADA MANUSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Widayaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Contextual Learning ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Movement System ◽  
Written Test

ABSTRACTProblems which were raised in this research are the low students’ activity and their poor achievements during the teaching and learning process, especially in human movement system topic. Hence, the researcher implemented contextual approach with group discussion to stimulate students’ active activity and improve their scores. This study utilized classroom action research in which there were four steps for each cycle, namely planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Data were divided into two, primary (researcher’s action) and secondary (documentation). Those data were collected through interview, students’ worksheets, teacher’s observation and written test. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the students’ activity from cycle 1 to 3 respectively are 71.88 %, 84.38 %, and 90.62 %; meanwhile the average scores of students’ achievement are 55.31; 69.55; and 79.38 respectively. It can be concluded that by implementing contextual approach with group discussion, students’ activity and achievements during teaching and learning the human movement system topic are improved. Keywords: contextual learning, human movement system, student’s achievement, students‘ activity ABSTRAKPermasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak pada manusia, sehingga peneliti menerapkan pendekatan kontekstual dengan diskusi kelompok untuk merangsang siswa lebih aktif dan hasil belajar siswa lebih meningkat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dimana setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer yaitu peneliti yang melakukan tindakan dan siswa yang menerima tindakan dan sumber data sekunder yang berupa data dokumentasi. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, lembar aktivitas siswa, observasi kinerja guru dan tes tertulis. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil ditunjukkan dengan persentase keaktifan siswa; hasil siklus 1, 2 dan 3 berturut-turut adalah 71,88 %, 84,38 %, dan 90,62 %. Sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa hasil siklus 1,2 dan 3 berturut-turut 55,31; 69,55; dan 79,38. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual dengan diskusi kelompok, keaktifan siswa dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sistem gerak pada manusia meningkat. Kata kunci:  pembelajaran kontekstual, sistem gerak pada manusia, hasil belajar siswa, keaktifan siswa

scholarly journals Recognition and Simulation of Exercise Mode Based on Energy Consumption Model

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yulei Li
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Second Generation Wavelet Transform ◽  
Acceleration Model ◽  
Second Generation Wavelet ◽  
The Relationship

Sports energy consumption is a quantitative reflection of physical exercise effect. Combined with different sports modes and students’ physical characteristics, the calculation model of sports energy consumption is put forward. Firstly, the relationship between students’ age, height, weight, gender, and energy consumption is analyzed by using multiple linear regression method, and a linear acceleration model is proposed by combining different exercise methods. The relationship between the integral value of acceleration and energy consumption is analyzed, and a linear integral model based on different motion modes is proposed. Based on the kinetic energy theorem, the student movement energy expenditure is estimated. This paper proposes a human movement recognition method based on hybrid features, which mostly can represent the curve of the second generation wavelet transform edge thinning, and from the edge and texture features of the optimal said human posture, the statistical characteristic of the second generation wavelet transform is subtly trained as image characteristics, learning and recognition of human movement. Then, the motion recognition algorithm is tested, which can effectively identify the common movement patterns of primary and middle school students. Finally, the linear relationship between the estimation results of the model and the calculation results of Meijer is analyzed. The analysis results show that the linear acceleration model proposed in this paper can estimate the energy consumption of primary and middle school students’ motion relatively accurately.

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