Identification of the factors associated with post-treatment asymptomatic neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients with serological non-response syphilis: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
pp. 095646242096585
Author(s):  
Wenjia Weng ◽  
Jiahua Hou ◽  
Bingbing Song ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Significance Threshold ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Hiv Negative

Some syphilis patients do not exhibit an appropriate serological response after treatment despite the absence of any clinical evidence of treatment failure or reinfection. This condition is called “serofast syphilis” or “serological non-response syphilis.” This study explored the incidence of asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) and related factors in 324 asymptomatic patients with serological non-response syphilis. We analyzed descriptive statistics stratified by the presence of asymptomatic neurosyphilis for the basic characteristics of samples. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess correlations between outcomes and potential predictors. Variables significant in the bivariate analysis (p<0.1) were entered into multivariable logistic regression models. All p-values were two-sided with a significance threshold of p<0.05. The results indicated that 89 of 324 patients had ANS (incidence of 27.5%), and the greatest risk factors were a < fourfold decrease in serum rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers after treatment and current serum RPR titers >1:32. Our findings suggest that ANS is common among syphilis patients, and patients with a fourfold decrease in serum RPR titers after treatment and current serum RPR titers >1:32 are more likely to develop ANS.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cognitive Frailty, Do Psychosocial-Related Factors Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Esperanza Navarro-Pardo ◽  
David Facal ◽  
María Campos-Magdaleno ◽  
Arturo X. Pereiro ◽  
Onésimo Juncos-Rabadán
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
High Prevalence

Cognitive frailty (CF) is a topic of growing interest with implications for the study of preventive interventions in aging. Nevertheless, little research has been done to assess the influence of psychosocial variables on the risk of CF. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of CF in a Spanish sample and to explore the influence of psychosocial variables in this prevalence. Physical frailty and cognitive, functional, psychosocial, and socio-demographic aspects were assessed in a sample of 285 participants over 60 years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out. A prevalence of 21.8% (95% CI 17.4–26.9) was established when both frail and pre-frail conditions were included, and a prevalence of 3.2% (95% CI 1.7–5.9) if only frail individuals were considered. Age, educational level, profession and psychological well-being variables significantly predicted CF. Frailty and pre-frailty are high-prevalence health conditions in older adults influenced by socio-demographic, socio-educative and affective factors.

scholarly journals Community’s misconception about COVID-19 and its associated factors in Satkhira, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257410
Author(s):  
Md. Bakebillah ◽  
Md. Arif Billah ◽  
Befikadu L. Wubishet ◽  
Md. Nuruzzaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction Misconception related to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have been spread out broadly and the the World Health Organization declared these as a major challenge to fight against the pandemic. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 related misconception among rural people in Bangladesh and associated socio-demographic and media related factors. Methods Multistage sampling method was used to collect data (n = 210) from three unions of Satkhira District, Bangladesh. The dependent variable was the presence of COVID-19 related misconception (Yes, No) which was generated based on respondents’ responses to a set of six questions on various types of misconception. Exposure variables were respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, mass media and social media exposure. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the respondents. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 misconception. Results More than half of the study respondents had one or more COVID-19 related misconception. Over 50% of the total respondents considered this disease as a punishment from God. Besides, many of the respondents reported that they do not think the virus causing COVID-19 is dangerous (59%) and it is a disease (19%). Around 7% reported they believe the virus is the part of a virus war (7.2%). The bivariate analysis found the presence of socio-demographic factors of the respondents, as well as the factors related to social and mass media, were significantly associated with the COVID-19’s misconception. However, once all factors considered together in the multivariate model, misconception were found to be lower among secondary (AOR, 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13–0.84) and tertiary (AOR, 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09–0.92) educated respondents compared to the respondents with primary education. Conclusion This study obtained a very higher percentage of misconception about the COVID-19 among the respondents of Satkhira district in Bangladesh. This could be a potential challenge to fight against this pandemic which is now ongoing. Prioritizing mass and social media to disseminate evidence-based information as well as educate people about this disease are necessary.

scholarly journals Spoligotype-specific risk of finding lesions in tissues from cattle infected by Mycobacterium bovis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Gomez-Buendia ◽  
Beatriz Romero ◽  
Javier Bezos ◽  
Francisco Lozano ◽  
Lucía de Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Origin Region ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract Background Although the pathogenic effect of members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in susceptible hosts is well known, differences in clinical signs and pathological findings observed in infected animals have been reported, likely due to a combination of host and pathogen-related factors. Here, we investigated whether Mycobacterium bovis strains belonging to different spoligotypes were associated with a higher risk of occurrence of visible/more severe lesions in target organs (lungs and/or lymph nodes) from infected animals. A large collection of 8889 samples belonging to cattle were classified depending on the presence/absence of tuberculosis-like lesions and its degree of severity. All samples were subjected to culture irrespective of the presence of lesions, and isolates retrieved were identified and subjected to spoligotyping. The association between the presence/severity of the lesions and the isolation of strains from a given spoligotype was assessed using non-parametric tests and Bayesian mixed multivariable logistic regression models that accounted for origin (region and herd) effects. Results Results suggested a difference in severity in lesioned samples depending on the strain’s spoligotype. An association between specific spoligotypes and presence of lesions was observed, with a higher risk of finding lesions in animals infected with strains with spoligotypes SB0120, SB0295 and SB1142 compared with SB0121, and in those coming from certain regions in Spain. Conclusions Our results suggest that strains belonging to certain spoligotypes may be associated with a higher probability in the occurrence of gross/macroscopic lesions in infected cattle, although these observational findings should be confirmed in further studies that allow accounting for the effect of other possible confounders not considered here, and ultimately through experimental studies.

scholarly journals Hypertension control and risk of colonic diverticulosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481985573
Author(s):  
Li-Xian Yeo ◽  
Tzu-Hsiang Tseng ◽  
Wei-Liang Chen ◽  
Tung-Wei Kao ◽  
Li-Wei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug Therapy ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Background: The prevalence of diverticulosis has increased in our aging population, but the risk factors for diverticulosis are not fully understood. The role of hypertension in the risk of diverticulosis remains uncertain. This study investigated whether hypertension is associated with asymptomatic colorectal diverticulosis. Methods: This study enrolled asymptomatic patients who received a colonoscopy as part of a health check. Hypertension was defined by actual measured blood pressure. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between hypertension and diverticulosis. In addition, we established three logistic regression models for covariate adjustment, and further stratified patients with hypertension into three subgroups based on their type of hypertension. Results: The study group consisted of 2748 participants, including 141 participants with diverticulosis and 2607 participants without diverticulosis. After adjustments for potential covariates, the odds ratio (OR) for having diverticulosis was 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–2.75, p = 0.004) in the hypertension group compared with the group without hypertension. In subgroup analyses, hypertension without antihypertensive medication use, and hypertension despite the use of antihypertensive medication were also significantly associated with the occurrence of asymptomatic diverticulosis (OR = 1.73, p = 0.028; OR = 2.07, p = 0.013, respectively). Current normal blood pressure under antihypertensive drug therapy was not associated with diverticulosis (OR = 1.74, p = 0.092). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a positive association between hypertension and diverticulosis. Participants with poorly controlled blood pressure were found to have a higher risk of asymptomatic diverticulosis. Our study presents epidemiologic evidence for future prevention strategies against diverticulosis.

scholarly journals Self-perception of oral health among schoolchildren in a city of Amazonas, Brazil: related factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio RODRIGUES ◽  
Adriana Gama REBOUÇAS ◽  
Flávia Martão FLÓRIO
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health History ◽  
State Education

ABSTRACT Objective: The association between self-perception in oral health, history of caries and sex was evaluated in students from São Gabriel da Cachoeira, in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. Methods: The sample was composed of 509 students enrolled in six public schools of the municipal and state education system. The epidemiological study was performed by a calibrated examiner (Kappa=0.98) using the DMF-T and dmf-t indices. Self-perception in oral health was measured using the CPQ8-10 Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children aged between 8 and 10 and the CPQ11-14 for children aged between 11 and 14, in which the domains were oral symptoms, functional limitation, emotional well-being and social well-being. Results: The significance of the associations between the variables was tested using bivariate analysis, and the associations that presented p-values lower than 0.20 (p<0.20) were tested using multiple logistic regression models, the intention being to keep those with p≤0.05. The group aged between 8 and 10 years showed a mean DMF-T of 0.82 (± 1.33) and dmf-t of 2.54 (± 2.59), whilst the group aged between 11 and 14 had a DMF-T of 2.08 (± 2.41) and dmf-t of 1.5 (± 1.77). Conclusion: Sex was the variable that most influenced the dimensions evaluated, followed by the oral condition. The presence of decayed teeth did not influence the children's self-perception about their oral health.

Nicotine Perceptions and Response to Proposed Low-Nicotine Cigarette Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 480-490
Author(s):  
Minal Patel ◽  
Alison F. Cuccia ◽  
Yitong Zhou ◽  
Lauren Czaplicki ◽  
Lindsay Pitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Proposed Regulation ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
High Support

Objective: Proposed regulation may establish nicotine standards in cigarettes to sub-addictive levels. In this study, we explore the association between nicotine perceptions and responses to a reduced nicotine policy scenario among current smokers. Methods: Data from a nationally representative sample of 18-54-year-old current tobacco users were collected in March-April 2018 (N = 1746). Current smokers (N = 854) were asked about nicotine-related health beliefs and nicotine addiction. Time to first cigarette (TTFC) was used to examine nicotine dependence. Adjusted and weighted logistic regression models examined these nicotine-related factors in association to support for a proposed government policy and related behavioral intentions. Results: Although 63% of survey participants accurately identified nicotine alone as the addiction cause, 49% incorrectly indicated that cancer and 56% indicated that increased health risk caused by cigarette smoking comes from nicotine. Smokers showed high support (72%) for a proposed low-nicotine policy. Greater misperception about nicotine harm was associated with greater odds (aOR = 1.66, p < .05) of policy support. Shorter TTFC was associated with greater intent to smoke low-nicotine cigarettes but was not associated with policy support. Conclusion: Evidence could inform health message development to address knowledge and misperceptions around nicotine when garnering public support for a low-nicotine policy.

Religiousness and headache: Is there a relation? Results from a representative sample of adults living in a low-income community

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Lucchetti ◽  
Alessandra LG Lucchetti ◽  
Mario F Prieto Peres
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Religious Behaviors

Background The use of religious behaviors to alleviate the consequences of stressful life circumstances is a frequent strategy employed by pain sufferers. Specifically in the field of headache research, to date, few studies have assessed spiritual and religious beliefs. Objective The objective of this article is to investigate the relation between religiousness (organizational, non-organizational and intrinsic) and headache disorders in a representative sample of adults living in a low-income community. Methods This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. In 2005, we conducted door-to-door interviews with 439 people, aged more than 18 years, randomly selected from a low-income community in Brazil. Four regression models were created to explain the relationships between religious involvement and headache, controlling for demographics, depression/anxiety and alcohol use and smoking. Results Of the 439 households contacted, at least one member from 383 (87.2%) households participated. We interviewed more women (74.4%) and more subjects aged 18–39 years. The mean age was 41.7 (SD 8.5) years. Bivariate analysis shows that high religious attendance, non-organizational religiousness and intrinsic religiousness were associated with presence of headache and presence of migraine. After the logistic regression models, only high non-organizational religiousness remained associated with presence of headache (odds ratio (OR): 1.22 (1.01–1.49)). All other religious variables were unrelated to the presence of headache and its types. Conclusion There is a modest relationship between high non-organizational religiousness and presence of headache. Headache sufferers may use coping strategies such as private religious behaviors to try to overcome suffering.

The impact of SPY angiography on intraoperative decision making and outcomes for post-mastectomy reconstruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Flap Necrosis ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Objective: While the use of intraoperative laser angiography (SPY) is increasing in mastectomy patients, its impact in the operating room to change the type of reconstruction performed has not been well described. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SPY angiography influences post-mastectomy reconstruction decisions and outcomes. Methods and materials: A retrospective analysis of mastectomy patients with reconstruction at a single institution was performed from 2015-2017.All patients underwent intraoperative SPY after mastectomy but prior to reconstruction. SPY results were defined as ‘good’, ‘questionable’, ‘bad’, or ‘had skin excised’. Complications within 60 days of surgery were compared between those whose SPY results did not change the type of reconstruction done versus those who did. Preoperative and intraoperative variables were entered into multivariable logistic regression models if significant at the univariate level. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 267 mastectomies were identified, 42 underwent a change in the type of planned reconstruction due to intraoperative SPY results. Of the 42 breasts that underwent a change in reconstruction, 6 had a ‘good’ SPY result, 10 ‘questionable’, 25 ‘bad’, and 2 ‘had areas excised’ (p<0.01). After multivariable analysis, predictors of skin necrosis included patients with ‘questionable’ SPY results (p<0.01, OR: 8.1, 95%CI: 2.06 – 32.2) and smokers (p<0.01, OR:5.7, 95%CI: 1.5 – 21.2). Predictors of any complication included a change in reconstruction (p<0.05, OR:4.5, 95%CI: 1.4-14.9) and ‘questionable’ SPY result (p<0.01, OR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.6-14.9). Conclusion: SPY angiography results strongly influence intraoperative surgical decisions regarding the type of reconstruction performed. Patients most at risk for flap necrosis and complication post-mastectomy are those with questionable SPY results.

Demographic factors associated with missed follow-up among solid tumor patients treated at a large multi-site academic institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 2635-2643
Author(s):  
Samantha L Freije ◽  
Jordan A Holmes ◽  
Saleh Rachidi ◽  
Susannah G Ellsworth ◽  
Richard C Zellars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Follow Up Care ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
African American Race

Aim: To identify demographic predictors of patients who miss oncology follow-up, considering that missed follow-up has not been well studies in cancer patients. Methods: Patients with solid tumors diagnosed from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed (n = 16,080). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to examine predictors of missed follow-up. Results: Our study revealed that 21.2% of patients missed ≥1 follow-up appointment. African–American race (odds ratio [OR] 1.33; 95% CI: 1.17–1.51), Medicaid insurance (OR 1.59; 1.36–1.87), no insurance (OR 1.66; 1.32–2.10) and rural residence (OR 1.78; 1.49–2.13) were associated with missed follow-up. Conclusion: Many cancer patients miss follow-up, and inadequate follow-up may influence cancer outcomes. Further research is needed on how to address disparities in follow-up care in high-risk patients.

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