Occupational Health Risks and Hazards Among the Fisherfolk in Kampi Samaki, Lake Baringo, Kenya

Globally, almost 2.78 million deaths that occur annually are attributed to work-related health risks. Worldwide and, especially, in developing countries, about 20% to 50% of the workers are exposed to health risks. Fishing is an ancient occupation, and like many others, it is characterized by numerous health risks and hazards. This study sought to understand the exposure of fisherfolk to human health risks, through fish handling and processing in Lake Baringo, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional social survey design. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select respondents for this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents to collect data on risks involved during the handling and processing of fish. Key informant interviews and observation checklists were also used to collect more information. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Inferential statistics included Pearson χ2 test, which was used to test the association of various factors on the encounter with occupational health risks. The level of significance was tested at α = 0.05. The study findings reveal the fisherfolk-encountered risks such as cuts, eye irritability, sunburns, skin burn, cold, falls, and musculoskeletal injuries during their work. The results showed that only 12% of the fisherfolk use personal protective equipments (PPEs) at work. Pearson χ2 test analysis showed there was an association between gender and gender roles (χ2 = 39.517, P < .05). In addition, an association was revealed between occupational health risks and gender (χ2 = 16.283, P < .05). There was also an association between occupational hazards and gender (χ2 = 21.352, P < .05). However, there was no association revealed between occupational health risk and marital status (χ2 = 1.305, P > .05) and PPEs (χ2 = 1.089, P > .05). Furthermore, results indicate that 61% of the fisherfolk who suffered from occupational health risks missed work. The study concludes that all the fisherfolk at Kampi Samaki are exposed to various health risks while working, which is thus likely to affect their health. We recommend public health campaigns to sensitize fisherfolk on the associated risks in fish handling and processing. There is also a need for health campaigns for the fisherfolk to appreciate the need for First Aid Kits during the fishing operations.

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Work-Related Perceptions, Injuries, and Musculoskeletal Symptoms: Comparison Between U.S.-Educated and Foreign-Educated Nurses

Workplace Health & Safety ◽

10.1177/2165079918821699 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (7) ◽

pp. 326-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kyung Mi Kim ◽

Soo-Jeong Lee

Keyword(s):

Nursing Education ◽

Occupational Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Safety Climate ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

The United States ◽

Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Related ◽

Immigrant Nurses

Immigrants account for a significant proportion of the nursing workforce in the United States (U.S.). Although different cultural backgrounds may affect immigrant nurses’ perceptions of work and occupational health risks, little research has been conducted. Defining immigrant nurses as those who received initial nursing education in foreign countries, this study examined the differences in work-related perceptions and experiences of musculoskeletal (MS) symptoms and injuries between U.S.-educated and foreign-educated nurses. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study using a statewide random sample of 419 California registered nurses. Foreign-educated nurses reported a more positive safety climate ( p = .017) and perceived their jobs as less demanding ( p = .008) than did U.S.-educated nurses. The prevalence of work-related MS symptoms was significantly lower in foreign-educated nurses than in U.S.-educated nurses ( p = .044), but the difference was not significant in the multivariable analyses. Positive safety climate was significantly associated with a decreased risk of work-related MS symptoms and injuries, and this relationship was greater among U.S.-educated nurses than among foreign-educated nurses. Our findings suggest that immigrant nurses may have different perceptions about safety climate and job demand, which may modify their occupational health risks.

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Knowledge of occupational health hazards and practice of personal protective equipment among fabrication workers in Kathmandu district, Nepal

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health ◽

10.3126/ijosh.v10i2.33330 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 115-23

Author(s):

Bibeka Shrestha ◽

Naresh Manandhar ◽

Sunil Kumar Joshi

Keyword(s):

Occupational Health ◽

Personal Protective Equipment ◽

Work Experience ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Occupational Hazards ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Related

Background: Fabrication work is one of the hazardous occupations in which workers are exposed to different occupational hazards and injuries. But the workers lack proper knowledge about protecting themselves from those hazards. This study was conducted, to assess knowledge about occupational health hazards among fabrication workers and to find out the practice of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in fabrication works. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 fabricator workers of Kathmandu District by using a multi-stage sampling technique. Participants were interviewed with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Results: All the participants were male, and their age ranged from 19-60 years with the mean age of 32.3 years. 71.3% of participants had work-related health complains, among which arc eye (85.76%) was the most common. Among them, 87.1% had at least used one PPE. There was a significant association between awareness about occupational hazards and work experience of fabrication workers (p=0.001), and the practice of PPE with religion (p<0.01). Conclusions: This study found that fabrication workers were aware of occupational hazards and the use of PPE during the fabrication work. But the practice of PPE was not enough to protect them from the occupational hazards.

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Role of computer self-efficacy and gender in computer-based test anxiety among undergraduates in Nigeria

Psychological Thought ◽

10.5964/psyct.v9i1.160 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 58-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anthony Gbenro Balogun ◽

Adebayo Sulaiman Olanrewaju

Keyword(s):

Test Anxiety ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Computer Based ◽

And Gender ◽

Computer Self Efficacy

This study examined the role of computer self-efficacy and gender in computer-based test (CBT) anxiety among a sample of Nigerian undergraduates. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Using a purposive sampling technique, 241 undergraduates (110 males and 131 females) were selected from a public university in Ondo State, Nigeria. Their ages ranged from 17 to 29 years with a Mean of 23.10 (SD = 5.10). Standardized questionnaires were used for data collection. Two hypotheses were tested using simple linear regression and independent t-test. The results showed that undergraduates who had higher level of computer self-efficacy were less likely to experience CBT anxiety (β = -.41; p < .01). Female undergraduates (M = 65.74) reported higher level of CBT anxiety than their male counterparts (M = 52.43). Therefore, to reduce computer-based test anxiety among undergraduates, we suggest that university managements should organize psychological training that would help enhance undergraduates (especially female undergraduates) computer self-efficacy.

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PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Alfred Eboh

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Effects ◽

The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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Obesity in Saudi Arabia in 2020: Prevalence, Distribution, and Its Current Association with Various Health Conditions

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 311

Author(s):

Nora A. Althumiri ◽

Mada H. Basyouni ◽

Norah AlMousa ◽

Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim ◽

Rasha A. Almubark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

National Level ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

And Gender ◽

Colon Diseases

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases and health conditions. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia and described the current national-level status of the association between obesity and various health conditions. This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted over phone-interviews in June 2020. In this study, a proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants, stratified by age and gender, across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Weight and height were self-reported, and the obesity was determined as BMI ≥ 30. Logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used for exploring current associations between obesity and health conditions. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 participants responded and completed the interview with a response rate of 75.48%. Of them, 50.1% were female, the mean age was 36.4 ± 13.5 (Range: 18–90), and the median age was 36. The national weighted prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 24.7%, and the prevalence in the sample (unweighted) was 21.7%. Obesity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes [Odd ratio, (OR) = 1.52], hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.69), hypertension (OR = 1.61), lung diseases (OR = 1.69), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.57), sleep apnea (OR = 1.82), colon diseases (OR = 1.31), and thyroid disorders (OR = 1.8). This study provides an update on the recent prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. It also shows the variation in prevalence rates between different regions, which might be explored further. Although obesity shows a decreasing trend, almost one-quarter of this study sample were obese. Obesity is currently associated with many health conditions that can affect the individuals’ quality of life, impose stress on the healthcare system and impose an economic burden on the country. This evidence highlights the need for action to focus more on obesity in Saudi Arabia.

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Gender and Transaction Costs in Use of Zero Grazing Net for Tsetse Fly and Trypanosomiasis Control in Stall Feeding Systems in Kenya

Environment and Natural Resources Research ◽

10.5539/enrr.v7n3p96 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Jared Isaboke Mose

Keyword(s):

Transaction Costs ◽

Institutional Economics ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

New Institutional Economics ◽

Tsetse Fly ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Zero Grazing

Trypanosomiasis is a widespread constraint in livestock production, mixed farming and human health in Africa. Several technologies have been developed to ameliorate the effects of the disease but delivery of these technologies to farmers has been undertaken on trial and error basis without a proper strategy leading to more failure than success and wastage of scarce resources. The purpose of this paper was to carry out an analysis of transaction costs incurred in accessing and using insecticide treated net in tsetse and trypanosomiasis control among smallholder cattle farms in Busia County, Kenya. The study utilized cross–sectional survey design and was guided by the New Institutional Economics approach and utilized stratified and simple random sampling technique to get 211 respondents for the study. Data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Conjoint analysis results for zero grazing net showed that cost was the most important factor influencing farmers’ decision, accounting for 38.52% of the total while durability and availability each accounted for 25% and retreatability accounted for 10% of the decisions. Further t-test results showed that there were significant differences between men and women with respect to attribute scores (at 99 d.f. and alpha = 0.05%) suggesting that men and women face different transaction costs in accessing T&T control technologies. Therefore there is need for gender sensitive strategies in T&T technology design and dissemination. Tsetse fly and Trypanosomiasis control by use of low cost technologies such as insecticide treated zero grazing net should be promoted by government and other development partners. The net should be affordable, available at supply outlets close to farmers, long lasting and re-treatable for famers to take it up.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF RURAL DWELLERS TOWARDS HEALTH CARE DELIVERY

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12708 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (04) ◽

pp. 451-454

Author(s):

Felix a ◽

◽

J. Ugwu ◽

Clara Okenyi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Delivery ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Survey Design ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Healthcare Delivery ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Rural Dwellers

The present study aimed to comparatively analyze healthcare delivery perception among rural dwellers based on education (formal/informal) and gender. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. A total of two hundred rural dwellers comprising males and females participated in the study. Perception towards health care delivery was measured with a self-developed instrument with demographic information. An independent t-test analysis found no statistically significant relationship between education and perception towards health care delivery. However, the result revealed a significant relationship between gender and perception towards health care delivery. Females were found to show a more positive attitude towards health care delivery than their male counterparts. The findings and conclusions are discussed.

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Influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

GSC Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/gscarr.2021.8.1.0136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 001-010

Author(s):

Mbaegbu Nnamdi O ◽

Oparaocha Evangeline T ◽

Ede Alison O ◽

Zubair Abdulkarim I ◽

Odupute Colman N ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Health Risks ◽

Noise Level ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Noise Generation ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Descriptive Research

Noise pollution contributes to environmental degradation and poses a threat to human and terrestrial lives. Noise pollution can be regarded as environmental noise and the propagation of noise may develop a harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life. This study was conducted to determine the influence of environmental factors and its associated health risks of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria. The study employed a cross sectional descriptive research design. Measurement of noise levels was carried out at 24 different locations. The sampling technique used in this study was a cluster sampling technique. The average reading for each location and each ward were calculated. Also, 900 respondents comprising adults who live and/or operate in the areas were interviewed on the health risks associated with noise, using structured and standardized questionnaire. The results obtained showed that the computed average noise level at the 24 different locations ranged from 79.4 – 95.8dB, and all of which were significantly (P<0.05) above the acceptable standard ranges of <80dB, thereby rating the noise level not acceptable because they can be capable of causing discomfort and pains in man. Influence of environmental factors on noise pollution; 29(3.2%) reported heavy vehicular traffic plying residential areas contributed to noise generation, 33(3.7%) said indiscriminate blowing of siren. Perceived health risks were reported as 47(5.2%) disturbs sleep, 24(2.7%) causes annoyance, 41(4.61%) causes headache and 21(2.3%) interference with conversation. In conclusion, environmental factors, poor education and lack of enforcement of the laws influence noise generation and there is need to check the level of noise pollution in Owerri Metropolis.

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Leadership Styles of Principals Based on Setting, Zone, and Location of Public Colleges of Education in Ghana

Education Quarterly Reviews ◽

10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.293 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kweku Esia-Donkoh ◽

◽

David Kwame Quansah ◽

Keyword(s):

Leadership Styles ◽

Leadership Style ◽

Survey Design ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Public Colleges ◽

National Council ◽

Colleges Of Education ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

This study investigated the leadership styles of principals in public Colleges of Education (CoEs) in Ghana based on the setting, zone and location of the colleges. The quantitative method of the cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study. The census sampling technique was employed to obtain 38 principals for the study. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) by Bass and Avolio (2004) was adapted to collect data from the principals. Means, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA were utilised in analysing the data. The descriptive analysis established that generally, principals of public CoEs in Ghana mostly used transformational leadership style as compared to transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles. The inferential analyses also revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the leadership styles of the principals based on setting, zone and location of the colleges. Among the recommendations is that the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission (GTEC), formerly known as the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), should consider competence when selecting and appointing principals and not the setting, zone and location of public CoEs because generally, these variables did not statistically significantly determine the leadership styles adopted by the principals.

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Exploring the Knowledge Levels of Bankers on Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ghana

10.20944/preprints202101.0267.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

JUSTICE JONATHAN ◽

Stephen Baba ◽

Etornam Kwawudade Kezia ◽

Solomon Abambila ◽

Charity Gyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Fast Food ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Education And Awareness ◽

Growing Economy

Background: Overweight and obesity are becoming serious public health menace in the world today. Weight gain is skyrocketing across the globe due to growing economy, fast food expansion and a shift towards more sedentary living. However, most people lack knowledge regarding risks associated with overweight and obesity. Aim: The study aimed to explore the knowledge level of bankers in the Ho Municipality on the health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design with quantitative method was employed. The study spanned from September 7, 2018 to April 25, 2019. A self-administered questionnaire and convenience sampling technique were used to obtain data. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Developer and the results presented in statistical tables and graphs. Results: Of 136 participants investigated, 67 (49.3%) were between 31 - 40 years. 2 participants (1.5%) were underweight, 49(36.0%) had normal weight, 43(31.6%) were overweight while 42 (30.9%) were obese. The study revealed that female bankers were prone to overweight (37.78%) while the males were prone to obesity (56.52%). Participants generally had low knowledge and awareness on health risks of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: Most bankers in the Ho Municipality were overweight and obese due to insufficient knowledge and low awareness on the risks associated with overweight and obesity. Public education and awareness creation are urgently needed to stem the tide.

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