scholarly journals Influence of Concentration and Temperature on Stability of Imipenem Focused on Solutions for Extended Infusion

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582110593
Author(s):  
Chuleegone Sornsuvit ◽  
Purida Wientong ◽  
Suriyon Uitrakul ◽  
Siriporn Okonogi ◽  
Wasan Katip
Keyword(s):  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Injection Solution ◽  
Suitable Temperature ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Extended Infusion

Background Imipenem remains active against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. This study aimed to evaluate chemical stability of imipenem in 2 commonly used concentrations when stored in 3 various temperatures. Methods Imipenem injection powder was used to prepare 5 mL and 10 mg/mL of imipenem in .9% sodium chloride solution. Prepared solutions in PVC bags were stored at 25°C, 30°C, and 40°C. The solutions were investigated over 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours using HPLC analysis. The association between drug stability, temperature, and concentration was determined. Results The 5 mg/mL solutions of brand A and B imipenem mL were stable for 6 hours at 25°C, 30°C, and 40°C, respectively. For 10 mg/mL, the solution of brand A was stable for 3 hours and brand B was stable for 6 hours at 25°C. Also, brand A and B imipenem solutions at the concentration of 10 mg/mL were stable for less than 1 hour at 30°C and 40°C. Conclusion The stability of imipenem injection solution was affected by temperature and concentration. Increasing in temperature and drug concentration resulted in decreased stability of imipenem. Suitable temperature and drug concentration should be concerned when this drug is given by extended infusion.

DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF FLAVONOIDS IN TRIPLEUROSPERMUM INODORUM’S FLOWERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Blinova O.L. ◽  
Gileva A.A. ◽  
Hlebnikov A.V. ◽  
Belonogova V.D. ◽  
Turyshev A.Y.
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Differential Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Stability

Chamomilla recutita is used in scientific medicine. Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is widely spread among possible impurities of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert. This plant is perspective for establishment into scientific medicine but it can’t change Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert. Purpose of research: development of a method for the quantitative determination of the amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin in Tripleurospermum inodorum’s flowers using differential spectrophotometry. Materials and methods. The samples prepared in different parts of Russia were used as objects of research. (2017 – 2020). Spectral studies were carried out in the wavelength range of 350-430 nm with a step of 1 nm using a spectrophotometer SF-2000. Results. To determine the analytical wavelength, the UV spectra of alcohol extraction of Tripleurospermum inodorum’s flowers were studied. Maximum of absorption was noticed at wavelength 370 nm. The differential spectrum of the same extraction with an aluminum chloride solution of 2% in 96% alcohol has a maximum at a length of 410±2 nm, which coincides with the maximum of the Standard Sample (SS) of rutin. The largest number of flavonoids is extracted by 70% alcohol. The maximum optical density and the highest output of the number of flavonoids from the raw material is observed at a degree of grinding of 2 mm with a single extraction for 60 minutes. In the conditions of complexation, the optimal ratio of the volume of the test solution and aluminum chloride with a solution of 2% in 96% alcohol is the ratio of 1:1. The stability of the complex with an aluminum chloride solution of 2% in 96% alcohol is observed in 40 minutes after the start of the reaction and retains it for 30 minutes. Findings. The method is developed and the parameters of the quantitative determination of the amount of flavonoids in Tripleurospermum inodorum flores are determined in terms of rutin using differential spectrophotometry.

Tau confers drug stability but not cold stability to microtubules in living cells

1994 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.W. Baas ◽  
T.P. Pienkowski ◽  
K.A. Cimbalnik ◽  
K. Toyama ◽  
S. Bakalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Microtubule Depolymerization ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Cold Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cultured Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Very High

We previously defined two classes of microtubule polymer in the axons of cultured sympathetic neurons that differ in their sensitivity to nocodazole by roughly 35-fold (Baas and Black (1990) J. Cell Biol. 111, 495–509). Here we demonstrate that virtually all of the microtubule polymer in these axons, including the drug-labile polymer, is stable to cold. What factors account for the unique stability properties of axonal microtubules? In the present study, we have focused on the role of tau, a microtubule-associated protein that is highly enriched in the axon, in determining the stability of microtubules to nocodazole and/or cold in living cells. We used a baculovirus vector to express very high levels of tau in insect ovarian Sf9 cells. The cells respond by extending processes that contain dense bundles of microtubules (Knops et al. (1991) J. Cell Biol. 114, 725–734). Cells induced to express tau were treated with either cold or 2 micrograms/ml nocodazole for times ranging from 5 minutes to 6 hours. The results with each treatment were very different from one another. Virtually all of the polymer was depolymerized within the first 30 minutes in cold, while little or no microtubule depolymerization was detected even after 6 hours in nocodazole. Based on these results, we conclude that tau is almost certainly a factor in conferring drug stability to axonal microtubules, but that factors other than or in addition to tau are required to confer cold stability.

scholarly journals Choline Salicylate Analysis: Chemical Stability and Degradation Product Identification

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Katarzyna B. Wróblewska ◽  
Szymon Plewa ◽  
Paweł Dereziński ◽  
Izabela Muszalska-Kolos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Product Identification ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
Effect Of Light

Choline salicylate (CS) as a derivative of acetylsalicylic acid is commonly used in different drug forms. In medicine, it is applied topically to inflammation of the oral cavity mucosa and in laryngology. However, this substance in the form of an ionic liquid has not been investigated enough. There are no literature studies on stability tests constituting a stage of pre-formulation research. HPLC (Nucleosil C18, 4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm; methanol-water-acetic acid 60:40:1, 230 nm or 270 nm) and UV (276 nm) methods for the determination of CS in 2% (g/mL) aqueous solutions were developed. Under stress conditions, CS susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation in aqueous medium, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide, and the effect of light on the stability of CS solutions were studied with HPLC analysis. The degradation degree of CS and the purity of the solutions were also tested. Choline salicylate has been qualified as practically stable in neutral and acid media, stable in an alkaline medium, very stable in an oxidizing environment, and photolabile in solution. The HPLC-MS/MS method was used to identify 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids as degradation products of CS under the tested conditions.

Stability of Intravenous Famotidine Stored in Polyvinyl Chloride Syringes

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 588-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Bullock ◽  
Joseph F. Fitzgerald ◽  
Helen I. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

The stability of intravenous famotidine in dextrose 5% injection (D5W), NaCl 0.9% injection (NS), and sterile water for injection stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) syringes at 4°C for 14 days was studied. The concentration of famotidine samples was determined at time 0, 7 days, and 14 days by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Samples were inspected for visual changes and tested for changes in pH. Results of the HPLC analysis indicated that the famotidine samples remained within 94-100 percent and 99-103 percent of the time 0 concentrations at 7 and 14 days, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated a significant time effect on famotidine concentration as concentrations changed over time (p<0.01). This change was small in magnitude, however, and concentrations decreased at 7 days and increased at 14 days. Famotidine is stable at a concentration of 2 mg/mL in D5W, NS, and sterile water for injection stored in PVC syringes at 4°C for 14 days.

scholarly journals Human Simulated Studies of Aztreonam and Aztreonam-Avibactam To Evaluate Activity against Challenging Gram-Negative Organisms, Including Metallo-β-Lactamase Producers

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 3299-3306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared L. Crandon ◽  
David P. Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Free Drug ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Immunocompetent Mice

ABSTRACTSecondary to the stability of aztreonam against metallo-β-lactamases, coupled with avibatam's neutralizing activity against often coproduced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) or AmpC enzymes, the combination of aztreonam and avibactam has been proposed as a principal candidate for the treatment of infections with metallo-β-lactamase-producing Gram-negative organisms. Using the neutropenic-mouse thigh infection model, we evaluated the efficacy of human simulated doses of aztreonam-avibactam and aztreonam against 14Enterobacteriaceaeand 13Pseudomonas aeruginosaisolates, of which 25 produced metallo-β-lactamases. Additionally, sixP. aeruginosaisolates were also evaluated in immunocompetent animals. A humanized aztreonam dose of 2 g every 6 h (1-h infusion) was evaluated alone and in combination with avibactam at 375 or 600 mg every 6 h (1-h infusion), targeting the percentage of the dosing interval in which free-drug concentrations remained above the MIC (fT>MIC). Efficacy was evaluated as the change in bacterial density after 24 h compared with the bacterial density at the initiation of dosing. Aztreonam monotherapy resulted in reductions of two of theEnterobacteriaceaebacterial isolates (aztreonam MIC, ≤32 μg/ml;fT>MIC, ≥38%) and minimal activity against the remaining isolates (aztreonam MIC, ≥128 μg/ml;fT>MIC, 0%). Alternatively, aztreonam-avibactam therapy resulted in the reduction of all 14Enterobacteriaceaeisolates (aztreonam-avibactam MICs, ≤16 μg/ml;fT>MIC, ≥65%) and no difference between the 375- and 600-mg doses of avibactam was noted. Similar pharmacodynamically predictable activity againstP. aeruginosawas noted in studies with neutropenic and immunocompetent mice, with activity occurring when the MICs were ≤16 μg/ml and variable efficacy noted when the MICs were ≥32 μg/ml. Again, no difference in efficacy between the 375- and 600-mg doses of avibactam was observed. Aztreonam-avibactam represents an attractive treatment option for infections with metallo-β-lactamase-producing Gram-negative pathogens that coproduce ESBLs or AmpC.

scholarly journals New benzimidazole derivatives with potential cytotoxic activity--study of their stability by RP-HPLC.

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Błaszczak-Świątkiewicz ◽  
Marek Mirowski ◽  
Katarzyna Kaplińska ◽  
Rafał Kruszyński ◽  
Agata Trzęsowska-Kruszyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Chromatographic System ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
The Stability

Obtained benzimidazole derivatives, our next synthesized heterocyclic compounds, belong to a new group of chemical bondings with potential anticancer properties (Błaszczak-Świątkiewicz & Mikiciuk-Olasik, 2006, J Liguid Chrom Rel Tech 29: 2367-2385; Błaszczak-Świątkiewicz & Mikiciuk-Olasik, 2008, Wiad Chem 62: 11-12, in Polish; Błaszczak-Świątkiewicz & Mikiciuk-Olasik, 2011, J Liguid Chrom Rel Tech 34: 1901-1912). We used HPLC analysis to determine stability of these compounds in 0.2% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). Optimisation of the chromatographic system and validation of the established analytical method were performed. Reversed phases (RP-18) and a 1:1 mixture of acetate buffer (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile as a mobile phase were used for all the analysed compounds at a flow rate 1.0 mL/min. The eluted compounds were monitored using a UV detector, the wavelength was specific for compounds 6 and 9 and compounds 7 and 10. The retention time was specific for all four compounds. The used method was found to have linearity in the concentration range of (0.1 mg/mL-0.1 μg/mL) with a correlation coefficient not less than r(2)=0.9995. Statistical validation of the method proved it to be a simple, highly precise and accurate way to determine the stability of benzimidazole derivatives in 0.2% DMSO. The recoveries of all four compounds examined were in the range 99.24-100.00%. The developed HPLC analysis revealed that the compounds studied remain homogeneous in 0.2% DMSO for up to 96 h and that the analysed N-oxide benzimidazole derivatives do not disintegrate into their analogues - benzimidazole derivatives. Compounds 8, 6 and 9 exhibit the best cytotoxic properties under normoxic conditions when tested against cells of human malignant melanoma WM 115.

scholarly journals Limitações na Previsão de Instabilidades de Produtos Farmacêuticos Induzidos Por Radiação Durante Voos Espaciais de Longa Duração

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Maria Nathalya Costa Souza ◽  
Irineu Ferreira Da Silva Neto ◽  
Isadora Ellen Feitoza Ricardino ◽  
Ana Emilia Formiga Marques
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Space Flight ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Research

Com as evoluções nos voos espaciais de humanos fora da Terra, a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) e seus parceiros internacionais encontram obstáculos relacionados à garantia da segurança dos astronautas, destacando-se a capacidade de fornecer um meio seguro e medicamentos eficazes, que possam de maneira suficiente gerenciar tanto condições médicas planejadas, quanto as imprevistas durante uma viagem espacial. Objetivou-se apresentar o entendimento atual sobre a estabilidade farmacêutica no ambiente de radiação espacial. Foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados científicos Nacional Center for Biotechnology Information, PubMed, SciELO e Science Direct, utilizando artigos datados entre os anos de 2016 a 2019, por meio dos descritores: Cosmic Radiation, Space Flight, Drug Stability, United States National Aeronautics e Space Administration. Foram incluídas publicações que envolvessem pesquisas na área de instabilidade de medicamentos, dentro do período delimitado, que apresentassem no idioma inglês, e que incluíssem pelo menos um dos descritores citados. Os produtos farmacêuticos podem se tornar instáveis ​​através das alterações de qualquer uma das suas propriedades físicas ou químicas. Os estudos sobre voos espaciais são limitados, por isso, os desafios na tradução de evidências analógicas terrestres para voos espaciais acabam por impedir a capacidade em tirar conclusões significativas sobre a estabilidade dos produtos farmacêuticos durante a exploração espacial. Assim é necessário novos esforços em pesquisas que forneçam os dados dos voos e produtos farmacêuticos a bordo das plataformas de pesquisa disponíveis a fim de garantir a integridade da saúde da tripulação.   Palavras-chave: Fármacos. Instabilidade. Radiação. Voo Espacial.   Abstract With the evolution in space flights of humans outside the Earth, NASA and its international partners related to ensuring the safety of astronauts, highlighting the ability to provide insurance and previous medicines, that sufficiently manage to manage both the planned medical conditions, as the unforeseen during a space trip. The objective was to present the current understanding of pharmaceutical stability in the space radiation environment. A survey was carried out in the scientific databases National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubMed, SciELO and Science Direct, using articles dated between 2016 and 2019, using the descriptors: Cosmic Radiation, Space Flight, Drug Stability, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Publications involving research in the area of ​​drug instability, within the defined period, published in the English language, and including at least one of the mentioned descriptors were published. Pharmaceutical products can become unstable by changing any of their physical or physical properties. Studies on space flights are invited, therefore, the challenges in translating analogue terrestrial evidence to space flights end up preventing the ability to take necessary to take away on the stability of pharmaceutical products during space exploration. Thus, new research efforts are needed to provide flight and pharmaceutical data on board the available research platforms to ensure the integrity of the crew's health.   Keywords: Drugs, Instability, Radiation, Space Flight.

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature on the Stability of PCSK-9 Monoclonal Antibody: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A299-A299
Author(s):  
Tanawan Kongmalai ◽  
Nalinee Chuanchaiyakul ◽  
Tunsuda Tansit ◽  
Chattip Sripatumtong ◽  
Yuttana Srinoulprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Drug Storage ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibition ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cold Pack

Abstract Background: PCSK9 monoclonal antibody lowers plasma PCSK9 and LDL-cholesterol levels. The manufacturers recommend drug storage at 2–8°C, and not above 25°C. This study aimed to investigate drug stability at various temperatures that this drug could be exposed to during medication handling and transportation in tropical countries. Methods: Alirocumab and evolocumab were tested in 3 study conditions: room temperature (RT), cooler device with cold pack, and freeze-thaw for 9 and 18 hours. Heated drugs were used as negative control. Free plasma PCSK9 levels from 9 hyperlipidemia subjects were measured with ELISA. Results: Average subject age was 49.2±18.4 years. Percent PCSK9 inhibition significantly declined in heated drugs compared to baseline. Average RT during the study period was 30.4°C. Change in percent PCSK9 inhibition of PCSK9 mAb at RT from baseline was -5.8±4.4 (p=0.005) and -11.0±8.9% (p=0.006) for alirocumab at 9 hours and 18 hours, and -9.7±11.8% (p=0.04) and -15.1±14.3% (p=0.01) for evolocumab at 9 and 18 hours, respectively. In contrast, there were no significant changes in percent PCSK9 inhibition from baseline when PCSK9 mAb was stored in a cooler. In freeze-thaw condition, changes in percent PCSK9 inhibition from baseline to 9 and 18 hours were -5.2±2.9% (p=0.001) and -2.6±4.9% (p=0.16) for alirocumab, and -1.8±4.2% (p=0.24) and 0.4±6.1% (p=0.83) for evolocumab. Conclusion: Proper drug storage according to manufacturer’s recommendation is essential. Drug storage at RT in tropical climate for longer than 9 hours significantly decreased drug efficacy; however, storage in a cooler device with cold pack for up to 18 hours is safe.

scholarly journals Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Steel in Alkali-Activated Mortars Based on Different Precursors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5244
Author(s):  
Antonino Runci ◽  
Marijana Serdar
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
By Products ◽  
Alkali Activated

The low environmental impact and high long-term performance of products are becoming imperative for the sustainable development of the construction industry. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are one of the available low-embodied-carbon alternatives to Portland cement (OPC). For their application in the marine environment or where de-icing salts are used, it is of utmost importance to demonstrate their equal or better performance compared to OPC. The aim of this study was to compare the corrosion behaviour of the steel in AAMs based on different regionally available by-products with the behaviour of the steel in OPC. The by-products used were fly ash, slag, silica fume, and iron-silica fines. The corrosion process of each system was monitored by the corrosion potential and polarisation resistance during exposure to tap water and chloride solution over a period of almost one year. Certain AAMs showed a higher resistance to chloride penetration compared to OPC, which was attributed to the smaller number of capillary pores and higher gel phase precipitation. The same corrosion resistance compared to OPC was achieved with alkali-activated fly ash and alkali-activated slag mortars. The stability of the systems in tap water and chloride solution was confirmed by the visual assessment of the steel surface at the end of the test period.

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