scholarly journals Simultaneous analyses of carbohydrate-mediated serum GLP-1 and GLP-2 and duodenal receptor expression in children with and without celiac disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481984275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Rachmiel ◽  
Gilad Ben-Yehudah ◽  
Haim Shirin ◽  
Efrat Broide
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Assignment

Background: Variability in glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2 plasma concentrations has been suggested in Celiac disease (CD), with inconclusive results. We assessed the association between serum levels of GLP-1 and GLP-2 and their duodenal receptor expression in children with and without CD. Methods: This was a two-part, cross-sectional and prospective cohort study. Group assignment, performed after duodenal samples for mRNA expression of GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) and GLP-2 receptor (GLP2R), were taken during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The control group consisted of patients with normal endoscopy and negative serology. The CD group consisted of patients with positive serology and endoscopy suggestive of CD. All had an oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT). CD patients underwent a second OGTT after 6 months of a gluten-free diet (GFD). Results: The CD group included 12 patients; 7 males with mean age 9.2 ± 2.5 years. The control group included 10 patients; 5 males with mean age 12 ± 4 years, ( p = 0.14). No differences were detected in basal or peak levels of GLP-1 or GLP-2 between control, naïve CD (before GFD) and treated CD (after GFD) groups. Expression of GLP1R and GLP2R mRNA was similar. Significant positive correlations between glucose and C-peptide secretion ( r = 0.9, p < 0.01) and GLP-1 and GLP-2 ( r = 0.8, p = 0.01) were detected in the control group. Significant negative correlations were found in the naïve CD group between GLP2R expression and glucose secretion ( r = −0.68, p = 0.015) and GLP1R expression and serum GLP-1 ( r = −0.7, p = 0.016). Conclusions: Although no significant differences were detected in secretion patterns or gut receptor expression of GLP-1 and GLP-2 in healthy versus CD pediatric patients, the detected discrepancy between the ligand levels and their tissue receptors requires additional study.

Plasma Glucose, Non-Esterified Fatty Acids and Amino Acids in Huntington's Chorea

1977 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. T. Phillipson ◽  
E. D. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Provocation Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Huntington's Chorea ◽  
Plasma Tryptophan ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Free Tryptophan

1. The metabolic responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (100 g) and an intravenous insulin provocation test (0·1 i.u./kg) were studied in nine control subjects and nine patients with Huntington's chorea. 2. Plasma glucose responses to these stimuli were identical in both groups. 3. High fasting concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were recorded in the choreic patients when compared with control subjects. This difference was maintained under hypoglycaemic conditions. However, during hyperglycaemia the differences in NEFA concentrations between the groups was abolished. 4. Total plasma tryptophan concentrations were equal in the two groups. Free plasma tryptophan, however, was markedly reduced in the choreic group, and this appeared to be a result of a disturbed relationship between free tryptophan and NEFA concentrations. The abnormalities in free tryptophan values were sensitive to plasma glucose concentrations, as hyperglycaemic conditions markedly reduced the differences between the choreic and control group. 5. Patients with Huntington's chorea showed reduced fasting plasma concentrations of leucine, isoleucine and valine.

scholarly journals Relationship of Blood Glucose Level and Severity of Periodontitis in Patients attended the Outpatient Periodontics Clinic of College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Md Zahid Hossain ◽  
Hammam I Fageeh ◽  
Fadul A Gader ◽  
M Yunis Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Made In

Aims: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed involving   30 patients who attended the College of Dentistry outpatient Periodontics   clinic of King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period of 12th March -12th May, 2011. Methods: Clinical data were recorded from the randomly selected 30 patients where periodontitis was indexed after Loe H: J Periodontol 38 (suppl):610, 1967 and modified from Russel AL: J Dent Res 35:350, 1956. Diabetic conditions were determined by 2 separate fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels determinations [100~125 mg/dL at 8 hours fasting] and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) [140~199 mg/dL at 2 hours after 75-g glucose load]. Results: Among 30 patients, mean age 33}7 (range 18~54) years, males 70% and females 30% were divided into three groups: i) 10 periodontitis patients having diabetes mellitus (DM), ii) 10 non-diabetic periodontitis patients and iii) 10 patients were not suffering from periodontitis or DM as a control group. Results revealed that patients having diabetes had more moderate to severe forms of periodontitis 50% (p<0.05) including type 2 (80%) than type1 (20%) DM, (p<0.05). Similarly, 80% of the periodontitis patients were found suffering from moderate to severe forms of periodontitis (p<0.05) in uncontrolled group (20%) of DM patients. Conclusion: The present study proved a clear relationship with the patients having diabetes and periodontitis including severity of the diseases and glycemic control. Using these results, a greater effort can be made in providing periodontal as well as overall health to the population of at or around of Abha city of Saudi Arabia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12313 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Between Celiac Disease and Refractory Epilepsy in Patients Referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hanieh Mollazadeh ◽  
◽  
Surena Nazarbaghi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pashaei ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Celiac disease can be associated with other diseases, including neurological disorders. In this study, the relationship between celiac disease and refractory epilepsy was evaluated in patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with refractory epilepsy referred to the neurology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia, during the second half of 2019 and controlled epilepsy were studied as a control group. The statistical population of the present study included 50 patients with refractory seizures and 50 patients with controlled seizures. The mean age of patients was 32.96 ± 11.35 years. Five ml blood samples were taken from the patients, and a serum anti-tTG test was performed using the ELISA kit. Then, in patients with positive anti-tTG, a duodenal biopsy sample was prepared using an endoscopy. Results: This study showed that the mean serum level of anti-tTG in patients with refractory epilepsy was higher than in patients with controlled epilepsy. Anti-tTG test results were positive in five of fifty patients with refractory epilepsy, and it was positive in two of fifty patients with controlled epilepsy. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of serum levels anti-tTG (p=0.14). Also, there was no significant relationship between serum level anti-tTG, age and genus (p>0.05). Biopsy results in three patients in the refractory epilepsy group and one patient in the controlled epilepsy group was in favor of a definitive diagnosis of the celiac disease. Patients in whom the celiac disease was confirmed by endoscopy had higher anti-tTG levels (p=0.006). Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the celiac disease in the group with refractory epilepsy and controlled epilepsy.

scholarly journals High DPP-4 Concentrations in Adolescents Are Associated With Low Intact GLP-1

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2958-2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Stenlid ◽  
Hannes Manell ◽  
Maria Halldin ◽  
Joel Kullberg ◽  
Håkan Ahlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

Abstract Context Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) metabolizes glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and increased DPP4 levels are associated with obesity and visceral adiposity in adults. Objective Investigating DPP-4 levels in adolescents and their association with (1) circulating intact GLP-1 levels and glucose tolerance; (2) body mass index (BMI); and (3) visceral, subcutaneous, and liver fat compartments. Design Cross-sectional study, July 2012 to April 2015. Setting Pediatric obesity clinic, Uppsala University Hospital. Patients and Participants Children and adolescents with obesity (n = 59) and lean controls (n = 21) aged 8 to 18 years. Main Outcome Measures BMI SD score, fasting plasma concentrations of DPP-4, total and intact GLP-1, fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) concentrations of glucose, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes and liver fat fraction. Results Plasma DPP-4 levels decreased with age in both obese (41 ng/mL per year) and lean subjects (48 ng/mL per year). Plasma DPP-4 levels were higher in males in both the obesity and lean groups. With adjustments for age and sex, plasma DPP-4 level was negatively associated with intact GLP-1 at fasting (β = −12.3; 95% CI: −22.9, −1.8) and during OGTT (β = −12.1; 95% CI: −22.5, −1.7). No associations were found between DPP-4 and plasma glucose levels measured at fasting or after a 2-hour OGTT. Plasma DPP-4 level was 19% higher in obese subjects. Among adipose tissue compartments, the strongest association was with VAT (β = 0.05; 95% CI: −0.02, 0.12). Conclusions In adolescents, high plasma DPP-4 concentrations were associated with low proportions of intact GLP-1, high BMI, young age, and male sex. The observed associations are compatible with increased metabolism of GLP-1 in childhood obesity.

Correlation of Glycemic Control Parameters in Non-Diabetic Persons with Cardiovascular Risk Scores - Results from a Cross- Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
Gina Botnariu ◽  
Norina Forna ◽  
Alina Popa ◽  
Raluca Popescu ◽  
Alina Onofriescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
Fasting Glycaemia ◽  
The University

To assess the correlation between main parameters of glycemic control and cardiovascular risk scores in non-diabetic persons. Risk scores were calculated by using the University of Edinburgh Risk Calculator. Risk scores are used to estimate the probability of cardiovascular disease in individuals who have not already developed major atherosclerotic disease. We correlated the results of these scores with the parameters that describes the glycaemic profile: preprandial glicaemia, HbA1c and 1 hour and 2 h post-prandial glycaemia, determined during Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).Both fasting glycaemia and HbA1c significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk scores calculated for a period of 10 years. The recorded post-prandial glycaemic values at 1h and 2h after glucose loading didn�t significantly correlate with calculated scores, in the study group. The observed correlations underline the importance of glycaemia in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Mohini C. Upadhye ◽  
Uday Deokate ◽  
Rohini Pujari ◽  
Vishnu Thakare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs-1299, -126-3p and -30e-3p as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Prediabetes

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Cecil J. Weale ◽  
Don M. Matshazi ◽  
Saarah F. G. Davids ◽  
Shanel Raghubeer ◽  
Rajiv T. Erasmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Receiver Operating

This cross-sectional study investigated the association of miR-1299, -126-3p and -30e-3p with and their diagnostic capability for dysglycaemia in 1273 (men, n = 345) South Africans, aged >20 years. Glycaemic status was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Whole blood microRNA (miRNA) expressions were assessed using TaqMan-based reverse transcription quantitative-PCR (RT-qPCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed the ability of each miRNA to discriminate dysglycaemia, while multivariable logistic regression analyses linked expression with dysglycaemia. In all, 207 (16.2%) and 94 (7.4%) participants had prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively. All three miRNAs were significantly highly expressed in individuals with prediabetes compared to normotolerant patients, p < 0.001. miR-30e-3p and miR-126-3p were also significantly more expressed in T2DM versus normotolerant patients, p < 0.001. In multivariable logistic regressions, the three miRNAs were consistently and continuously associated with prediabetes, while only miR-126-3p was associated with T2DM. The ROC analysis indicated all three miRNAs had a significant overall predictive ability to diagnose prediabetes, diabetes and the combination of both (dysglycaemia), with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) being significantly higher for miR-126-3p in prediabetes. For prediabetes diagnosis, miR-126-3p (AUC = 0.760) outperformed HbA1c (AUC = 0.695), p = 0.042. These results suggest that miR-1299, -126-3p and -30e-3p are associated with prediabetes, and measuring miR-126-3p could potentially contribute to diabetes risk screening strategies.

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

scholarly journals ENDOSCOPIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC GASTRIC CHANGES IN CHRONIC USERS OF PROTON-PUMP INHIBITORS

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Maria Perrone CAMILO ◽  
Élia Cláudia de Souza ALMEIDA ◽  
Benito André Silveira MIRANZI ◽  
Juliano Carvalho SILVA ◽  
Rosemary Simões NOMELINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Sydney System ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Background Proton-pump inhibitors have been used for at least two decades. They are among the most commonly sold drugs in the world. However, some controversy remains about the indications for their use and the consequences of their prolonged use. Objectives To evaluate and compare the endoscopic and histopathologic gastric changes in chronic users of proton-pump inhibitors to changes in non-users. Methods A prospective study performed at a tertiary Public Hospital involving 105 patients undergoing upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy. Subjects included 81 proton-pump inhibitor users and 24 non-users (control group). Biopsies of the antral-type mucosa, the antral-fundic transition, and the fundus were evaluated by the Sydney System. The presence of erosion or ulceration, lymphatic follicles, reactive gastropathy, and polypoid or epithelial hyperplasia was also determined. Serum levels of gastrin were measured. Results We found two polyps, one in each group, both of which were negative for Helicobacter pylori. There were two cases of parietal cell hyperplasia in users of proton-pump inhibitors. Gastrin was elevated in 28 users of proton-pump inhibitors and in four members of the control group. We did not find statistically significant differences in the endoscopic or histopathologic findings between the two groups. Conclusions Chronic use of proton-pump inhibitors for the duration examined was not associated with significant gastric changes. An interesting finding was that the 4 chronic users of proton-pump inhibitors who had serum gastrin levels above 500 pg/mL also had positive serology for Chagas disease.

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