scholarly journals The Rose-Colored Glasses of Geriatric Fall Patients: Inconsistencies Between Knowledge of Risk Factors for and Actual Causes of Falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142096788
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Collins ◽  
Arnav Chandra ◽  
Bryan Nguyen ◽  
Kurt Schultz ◽  
Pawan Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Patient Perceptions ◽  
Fatal Injury ◽  
Walking Aids ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fall Risks ◽  
Fatal Trauma ◽  
The Rose

Background: Falls are the leading cause of fatal injury, and most common cause of non-fatal trauma, among older adults. We sought to elicit older patient’s perspectives on fall risks for the general population as well as contributions to any personal falls to identify opportunities to improve fall education. Methods: Ten patients with a history of falls from inpatient trauma and outpatient geriatric services were interviewed. Transcripts were analyzed independently by five individuals using triangulation and constant comparison (NVivo11, QSR International) to compare fall risks to fall causes. Results: All patients reported that either they (9/10 participants) or someone they knew (8/10) had fallen. Despite this, only two personally worried about falling. Patient perceptions of fall risks fell into seven major themes: physiologic decline (8/10); underestimating limitations (7/10); environmental hazards (7/10), lack of awareness/rushing (4/10), misuse/lack of walking aids (3/10); positional transitions (2/10), and improper footwear (1/10). In contrast, the most commonly reported causes of personal falls were lack of awareness/rushing (7/10), environmental hazards (3/10), misuse/lack of walking aids (2/10), improper footwear (2/10), physiologic decline (2/10), underestimating limitations (1/10) and positional transitions (1/10). In general tended to attribute their own falls to their surroundings and were less likely to attribute physical or psychological limitations. Conclusion: Despite participants identifying falls as a serious problem, they were unlikely to worry about falling themselves. Participants were able to identify common fall risks. However, when speaking about personal experience, they were more likely to blame environmental hazards or rushing, and minimized the role of physiologic decline and personal limitations.

Friends of Rose Canyon

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
First Century ◽  
Grassroots Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
University City ◽  
Participant Observer ◽  
The Rose

Place-based activism has played a critical role in the history of urban and environmental politics in California. This article explores the continuing significance of environmental place making to grassroots politics through a case study of Friends of Rose Canyon, an environmental group in San Diego. Based in the fast-growing University City neighborhood, Friends of Rose Canyon waged a long, successful campaign between 2002 and 2018 to prevent construction of a bridge in the Rose Canyon Open Space Park in their community. Using historical and participant observer methodologies, this study reveals how twenty-first-century California urbanites claimed and created meaningful local places and mobilized effective politics around them. It illuminates the critical role of individual activists; suggests practical, replicable strategies for community mobilization; and demonstrates the significant impact of local activism at the urban and metropolitan scales.

scholarly journals Tracing the Roots of Cognitive Linguistics in Hermann Paul’s “Principles of the History of Language”

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (33) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Linguist ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of Hermann Paul’s ideas on the development of anthropocentric cognitive linguistics in Russia and Europe. The anthropocentric and pragmatic approaches to the study of language, related, in particular, to the consideration of language as “the language of the individual” and a product of personal experience, were formulated by the German linguist Hermann Paul (1846-1921) in his Principles of the History of Language (1920). In this important work, Paul argues that language development is driven by subjective, psychological factors, acknowledging the Man’s central role in the learning process (anthropocentrism). Viewing Paul’s position from the vantage point of modern linguistics, the article seeks to establish the rightness of the cognitive school in linguistics, provides a brief overview of Paul’s key ideas and concludes that he anticipated and formulated the main principles of the cognitive approach to language, namely: language as a product of individual experience, the role of individual notions in forming a word’s meaning, analogy as a mechanism of language acquisition, metaphor as a mechanism of learning and the connection of language with other mental processes.

Vying for credibility in the US Congress

Focaal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (46) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Ponte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
The United States ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Images Of Science

Throughout the debate in the United States Congress over whether vaccines cause autism, legitimizing symbols that index cultural values have played a prominent role in the establishment of credibility. While both sides sanctify the role of science in producing credibility, they draw on different images of what science is and where its legitimacy stems from. Those who favor the vaccine hypothesis frame science as a populist endeavor, the results of which are open to critique by all. Those against the vaccine hypothesis frame science as an elitist endeavor, the results of which may only be critiqued by fellow scientists. While both of these images derive their significance from the cultural history of the United States, they have a markedly different impact on the interpretation of evidence. From within the populist frame, personal experience and direct observation are highly valued. From within the elitist frame, epidemiological evidence trumps personal experience. Due to the incorporation of dueling images of science, the US debate over autism may be viewed as a debate between rival cultural values.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL LABORATORY OF WILHELM WUNDT IN LEIPZIG: HISTORY AND PRESENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 250-268
Author(s):  
Э.В. Тихонова
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Wilhelm Wundt ◽  
History Of ◽  
German City

Текст данной статьи прозвучал в качестве содоклада на заседании лаборатории истории психологии и исторической психологии ИП РАН в феврале 2020 г. Автор обращается к истории открытия в 1879 г. Вильгельмом Вундтом в городе Лейпциг первой в мире экспериментальной психологической лаборатории. Анализируются предпосылки использования экспериментального метода для изучения психических явлений, раскрывается роль Вундта в становлении экспериментального направления в психологии и психологии как отдельной самостоятельной науки. Рассматриваются основные положения научной программы развития психологии Вундта, его взгляд на психику и методы её исследования. Дается оценка роли лаборатории в развитии мировой психологической науки и в подготовке профессиональных кадров. Описывается судьба лаборатории, в том числе и на современном этапе. Автор приводит уникальные сведения об экспозиции Музея Вундта при Лейпцигском университете на основании личного опыта его посещения в декабре 2019 г. The content of the paper was performed on the meeting of the laboratory of history of psychology and historical psychology IP RAS on February 2020 devoted to the W. Wundt anniversary. In this paper the author addresses opening history in 1879 Wilhelm Wundt in the German city of Leipzig of the first-ever experimental psychological laboratory. Prerequisites of use of an experimental method for studying of the mental phenomena are analyzed, W. Wundt's role in formation of the experimental direction in psychology and psychology as separate independent science reveals. Basic provisions of the scientific program of development of psychology of W. Wundt, his view of mentality and methods of its research are considered. An assessment of a role of laboratory of W. Wundt in development of world psychological science and in training of professional staff is given. The fate of laboratory of W. Wundt is described, including - and at the present stage. The author provides unique data on an exposition of the Museum of W. Wundt at the Leipzig university based on personal experience of its visit in December 2019.

scholarly journals It is the Spirit who gives life (John 6:63): Experience and the Formulation of Theology

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-183
Author(s):  
Olga Zaprometova
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Hildegard Of Bingen ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Real Presence ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
History Of

Abstract This paper was presented at the international conference “Theology of the Holy Spirit: Personal Experience and Charismatic Movements in Contemporary Churches” held in Sibiu (2014). Although the role of the charismatic experience in the history of Christianity is a well-known fact it is still of particular interest for today due to the growth of Pentecostalism and charismatic movements worldwide. By turning to Hildegard of Bingen and to Martin Luther for a better understanding of the “faith of the heart”, this study aims to emphasize faith not just as a matter of understanding God but rather as experiencing the real presence of the Holy One. A particular focus is on clarifying terms and seeking the understanding of one another’s positions on the issue of the Holy Spirit.

John Stow and Tudor Rebellions, 1549–1569

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrett L. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
Government Propaganda ◽  
The Government ◽  
John Stow ◽  
First John

In recent years, historians have brought into sharper focus the role of rebellion in the political, social, and religious life of sixteenth-century England. Indeed, the Tudor dynasty established itself on the throne in 1485 as a result of a successful baronial rebellion, and each succeeding generation experienced a major rebellion as well as numerous lesser stirs and riots. Until the revival of interest in Tudor rebellions, the majority of historians preferred to portray the century as an era of law and order in which a strong but popular monarchy ruled over grateful and largely obedient subjects. Although contemporaries living in the sixteenth century knew of rebellion and popular disorder, often through direct personal experience, the government quite understandably opposed anything resembling impartial and disinterested study of the rebellions. Government propagandists denounced rebellion vigorously in royal proclamations and manifestos, while the clergy echoed similar themes from the pulpit. Of the two histories of rebellion published during the sixteenth century, the first, John Proctor's history of Wyatt's Rebellion, was unadulterated government propaganda, and the other, Alexander Neville's history of Kett's Rebellion, was a polemic written in Latin to guarantee a select readership. Without specialized books on rebellions, the literate public had one primary source of historical information, the general chronicles that appeared with greater frequency and variety as the century progressed.Although best known for hisSurvey of London, John Stow was the most prolific chronicler of the sixteenth century. Beginning with the brief octavoA Summary of English Chronicles, which appeared in 1565, Stow published no fewer than twenty-one editions and issues of chronicles in three different formats, the octavoSummary, a sextodecimo abridgment of theSummary, and the more substantialChroniclesandAnnales of Englandin quarto.

What is Deconstruction? An Interview with Jean-Luc Nancy

Derrida Today ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-253
Author(s):  
Federico Ferrari ◽  
Jean-Luc Nancy (translated by Filippo Pietrogrande)
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
American Universities ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The Future ◽  
Philosophical Style ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure

In this interview 1 , Jean-Luc Nancy retraces the origin, the affirmation and the trivialisation of deconstruction: from its point of departure in Heidegger's project of the destruction of the history of ontology, to its attachment to Derrida's philosophical style; from its quick dissemination in the American universities and its adoption as a method of textual critique, to its gradual banalisation in common discourse as a synonym of ‘demolition’. All this is discussed through the lens of Nancy's personal experience, with particular attention to the historical background and some insights into the origins of the project of a deconstruction of Christianity, the relation between deconstruction and différance and the future role of deconstruction.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of a family history of adenocarcinomas in patients with Barrett oesophagus

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
P TSIBOURIS ◽  
M HENDRICKSE ◽  
P ISAACS
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrett Oesophagus

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

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