Network strategies to understand the aging process and help age-related drug design

The communicative ecology model of successful aging (CEMSA) examines how people’s language and communication surrounding the aging process (e.g., making age-related excuses) predicts successful aging. Using the CEMSA, this study examined how middle-aged U.S. American children’s and their parents’ age-related communication predicts children’s subjective perceptions of their own successful aging, via children’s aging efficacy. Three communication profiles emerged for children and their parents, namely engaged, bantering, and disengaged agers. Path analysis revealed that parents’ age-related communication predicted children’s successful aging, via children’s aging efficacy. Relative to children with disengaged parents, children with bantering parents were more likely to be efficacious with respect to their aging, which in turn positively predicted successful aging. The language and communication people observe from older family members may be consequential in shaping their aging trajectories for the better or worse.

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The Impact of Behavioral Intervention on Obesity Mediated Declines in Mobility Function: Implications for Longevity

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.4061/2011/392510 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joe Nocera ◽

Thomas W. Buford ◽

Todd M. Manini ◽

Kelly Naugle ◽

Christiaan Leeuwenburgh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Aging Process ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Mobility Performance ◽

Mobility Function ◽

Age Related ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Primary Focus ◽

The Impact

A primary focus of longevity research is to identify prognostic risk factors that can be mediated by early treatment efforts. To date, much of this work has focused on understanding the biological processes that may contribute to aging process and age-related disease conditions. Although such processes are undoubtedly important, no current biological intervention aimed at increasing health and lifespan exists. Interestingly, a close relationship between mobility performance and the aging process has been documented in older adults. For example, recent studies have identified functional status, as assessed by walking speed, as a strong predictor of major health outcomes, including mortality, in older adults. This paper aims to describe the relationship between the comorbidities related to decreased health and lifespan and mobility function in obese, older adults. Concurrently, lifestyle interventions, including diet and exercise, are described as a means to improve mobility function and thereby limit the functional limitations associated with increased mortality.

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Omics in a Digital World: The Role of Bioinformatics in Providing New Insights Into Human Aging

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2021.689824 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Serena Dato ◽

Paolina Crocco ◽

Nicola Rambaldi Migliore ◽

Francesco Lescai

Keyword(s):

High Throughput ◽

Aging Process ◽

Single Cell Analysis ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Data Types ◽

Aging Research ◽

Digital World ◽

Age Related ◽

Critical Issues ◽

The Individual

BackgroundAging is a complex phenotype influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although many studies addressed its cellular and physiological age-related changes, the molecular causes of aging remain undetermined. Considering the biological complexity and heterogeneity of the aging process, it is now clear that full understanding of mechanisms underlying aging can only be achieved through the integration of different data types and sources, and with new computational methods capable to achieve such integration.Recent AdvancesIn this review, we show that an omics vision of the age-dependent changes occurring as the individual ages can provide researchers with new opportunities to understand the mechanisms of aging. Combining results from single-cell analysis with systems biology tools would allow building interaction networks and investigate how these networks are perturbed during aging and disease. The development of high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing, proteomics, metabolomics, able to investigate different biological markers and to monitor them simultaneously during the aging process with high accuracy and specificity, represents a unique opportunity offered to biogerontologists today.Critical IssuesAlthough the capacity to produce big data drastically increased over the years, integration, interpretation and sharing of high-throughput data remain major challenges. In this paper we present a survey of the emerging omics approaches in aging research and provide a large collection of datasets and databases as a useful resource for the scientific community to identify causes of aging. We discuss their peculiarities, emphasizing the need for the development of methods focused on the integration of different data types.Future DirectionsWe critically review the contribution of bioinformatics into the omics of aging research, and we propose a few recommendations to boost collaborations and produce new insights. We believe that significant advancements can be achieved by following major developments in bioinformatics, investing in diversity, data sharing and community-driven portable bioinformatics methods. We also argue in favor of more engagement and participation, and we highlight the benefits of new collaborations along these lines. This review aims at being a useful resource for many researchers in the field, and a call for new partnerships in aging research.

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Decline in rates of clearance of IgG-sensitized erythrocytes with increasing age

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v71.6.1726.bloodjournal7161726 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 1726-1730

Author(s):

KA Melez ◽

LF Fries ◽

BS Bender ◽

T Quinn ◽

MM Frank

Keyword(s):

Aging Process ◽

Elderly Population ◽

The Elderly ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Macrophage Function ◽

Normal Volunteers ◽

Age Related ◽

Male Subjects

Decreased immune functions have been suggested as a cause for the increased incidence of autoimmunity, malignancy, and infection in the elderly population. To assess the possible role of changes in macrophage function in the aging process we studied the Fc receptor- mediated clearance of IgG-coated erythrocytes in 56 healthy normal volunteers by following the removal of radiolabeled autologous erythrocytes. An age-related decrease in Fc-mediated clearance rates in both female and male subjects was found, which suggests a physiological decline of this macrophage function in older individuals.

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Senescence and aging: Causes, consequences, and therapeutic avenues

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.201708092 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 217 (1) ◽

pp. 65-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 215

Author(s):

Domhnall McHugh ◽

Jesús Gil

Keyword(s):

Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Aging Process ◽

Normal Development ◽

Growth Arrest ◽

The Novel ◽

Aging Research ◽

Related Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Stable Growth

Aging is the major risk factor for cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although we are far from understanding the biological basis of aging, research suggests that targeting the aging process itself could ameliorate many age-related pathologies. Senescence is a cellular response characterized by a stable growth arrest and other phenotypic alterations that include a proinflammatory secretome. Senescence plays roles in normal development, maintains tissue homeostasis, and limits tumor progression. However, senescence has also been implicated as a major cause of age-related disease. In this regard, recent experimental evidence has shown that the genetic or pharmacological ablation of senescent cells extends life span and improves health span. Here, we review the cellular and molecular links between cellular senescence and aging and discuss the novel therapeutic avenues that this connection opens.

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Molecular mechanisms of life- and health-span extension: role of calorie restriction and exercise intervention

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h07-085 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 954-966 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Christy S. Carter ◽

Tim Hofer ◽

Arnold Y. Seo ◽

Christian Leeuwenburgh

Keyword(s):

Life Span ◽

Calorie Restriction ◽

Aging Process ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Geriatric Medicine ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Health Span ◽

Structural Deterioration ◽

Age Related

The aging process results in a gradual and progressive structural deterioration of biomolecular and cellular compartments and is associated with many pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and liver dysfunction. Concomitantly, each of these conditions is associated with progressive functional decline, loss of independence, and ultimately disability. Because disabled individuals require care in outpatient or home care settings, and in light of the social, emotional, and fiscal burden associated with caring for an ever-increasing elderly population, research in geriatric medicine has recently focused on the biological mechanisms that are involved in the progression towards functional decline and disability to better design treatment and intervention strategies. Although not completely understood, the mechanisms underlying the aging process may partly involve inflammatory processes, oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic tissue degeneration. These hypotheses are based on epidemiological evidence and data from animal models of aging, as well as interventional studies. Findings from these studies have identified possible strategies to decrease the incidence of age-related diseases and delay the aging process. For example, lifelong exercise is known to extend mean life-span, whereas calorie restriction (CR) increases both mean and maximum life-span in a variety of species. Optimal application of these intervention strategies in the elderly may positively affect health-related outcomes and possibly longevity. Therefore, the scope of this article is to (i) provide an interpretation of various theories of aging from a “health-span” perspective; (ii) describe interventional testing in animals (CR and exercise); and (iii) provide a translational interpretation of these data.

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AGING AND COGNITIVE DISORDERS FROM THE SOMNOLOGY’S VIEWPOINT

Успехи геронтологии ◽

10.34922/ae.2021.34.2.002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 195-201

Author(s):

И.М. Мадаева ◽

Н.В. Семенова ◽

Л.И. Колесникова ◽

С.И. Колесников

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disorders ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Functional State ◽

Aging Process ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cell Markers ◽

Social Burden ◽

Pathological Aging ◽

Age Related

Высокое социальное бремя возрастзависимых заболеваний делает актуальным разработку и внедрение комплекса медицинских технологий донозологической диагностики, лечения и профилактики различных нарушений функциональных состояний жизнедеятельности человека в процессе старения. Возрастное снижение активности функционального состояния мозга и его взаимообусловленность с континуумом сон-бодрствование приводит к преждевременному (патологическому) старению с проявлениями нейродегенерации. Хотя нарушения функционирования цикла сон-бодрствование являются характерными для процесса старения, но возрастные изменения не всегда сопровождаются когнитивной дисфункцией. Сложная архитектура сна претерпевает выраженные изменения в течение всей жизни человека. В литературе активно дискутируется взаимосвязь нарушений циркадной ритмики при старении и развития когнитивной дисфункции. В то же время встречается достаточное количество исследований, посвященных изменениям организма на молекулярном уровне при возрастных нарушениях сна. Гетерогенность патогенетических механизмов старения, ассоциаций нарушений сна и процессов когнитивной дисфункции включает также изменение метаболизма. В регуляцию процессов сна вовлечены различные нейромедиаторы и другие биологически активные вещества, так называемые «sleep-promoting substances». Насущная необходимость дальнейших научных изысканий в поиске молекулярно-клеточных маркеров и диагностических паттернов нарушений сна при старении является перспективным и внесет значительный вклад в развитие прорывных технологий в профилактике патологического старения. Подход с позиции современной нейробиологии, сомнологии и медицины сна представляется крайне актуальным и своевременным. Этот обзор посвящен некоторым аспектам научных изысканий, посвященных возрастным изменениям сна и их молекулярно-клеточным маркерам. Age-dependent diseases high social burden makes relevant medical technologies development and implementation of human aging process functional state various disorders prenosological diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Age-related activity decrease of the brain functional state and its interdependence with the sleep-wake continuum leads to premature (pathological) aging with manifestations of neurodegeneration. Although disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle functioning are characteristic for the aging process, age-related changes are not always accompanied by cognitive dysfunction. There are sufficient number studies on the molecular level changes in age-related sleep disorders. Aging, sleep disorders and processes of cognitive dysfunction association pathogenetic mechanisms heterogeneity also include metabolism changes. Various neurotransmitters and other biologically active substances, so-called «sleep-promoting substances» are involved in the regulation of sleep processes. The urgent need for molecular-cell markers and diagnostic patterns of sleep disorders further scientific search in aging process is promising and will make a significant contribution to the breakthrough technologies development in the pathological aging prevention. The complex architecture of sleep undergoes pronounced changes throughout a person’s life. In the literature, the relationship of circadian rhythm disturbances during aging and the development of cognitive dysfunction is actively debated. Approach from the positions of the modern neurobiology, somnology and sleep medicine perspectives seems extremely relevant and timely. This review is devoted to some aspects of age-related in sleep and their molecular-cell markers changes modern scientific research and our own data analysis.

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Age-Related Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Different Body Habitats across the Young, Elderly, and Centenarians in Sardinia

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.00558-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lu Wu ◽

Tiansheng Zeng ◽

Massimo Deligios ◽

Luciano Milanesi ◽

Morgan G. I. Langille ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Aging Process ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Mediterranean Population ◽

Related Variation ◽

Human Microbiota ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Range

ABSTRACT Human body microbes interact with the host, forming microbial communities that are in continual flux during the aging process. Previous studies have mostly focused on surveying a single body habitat to determine the age-related variation in the bacterial and fungal communities. A more comprehensive understanding of the variation in the human microbiota and mycobiota across multiple body habitats related to aging is still unclear. To obtain an integrated view of the spatial distribution of microbes in a specific Mediterranean population across a wide age range, we surveyed the bacterial and fungal communities in the skin, oral cavity, and gut in the young, elderly, and centenarians in Sardinia using 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequencing. We found that the distribution and correlation of bacterial and fungal communities in Sardinians were largely determined by body site. In each age group, the bacterial and fungal communities found in the skin were significantly different in structure. In the oral cavity, age had a marginal impact on the structures of the bacterial and fungal communities. Furthermore, the gut bacterial communities in centenarians clustered separately from those of the young and elderly, while the fungal communities in the gut habitat could not be separated by host age. IMPORTANCE Site-specific microbial communities are recognized as important factors in host health and disease. To better understand how the human microbiota potentially affects and is affected by its host during the aging process, the fundamental issue to address is the distribution of microbiota related to age. Here, we show an integrated view of the spatial distribution of microbes in a specific Mediterranean population (Sardinians) across a wide age range. Our study indicates that age plays a critical role in shaping the human microbiota in a habitat-dependent manner. The dynamic age-related microbiota changes we observed across multiple body sites may provide possibilities for modulating microbe communities to maintain or improve health during aging.

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Variability of the Aging Process in Dementia-Free Adults With Down Syndrome

American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1944-7558-120.1.3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 3-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Raphaele Tsao ◽

Cecile Kindelberger ◽

Benedicte Fréminville ◽

Renaud Touraine ◽

Gerald Bussy

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Aging Process ◽

Interindividual Variability ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related ◽

Psychopathological Disorders

Abstract The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the typical aging process in adults with Down syndrome, focusing on its variability. The sample comprised 120 adults with Down syndrome who were free of dementia. Ages ranged from 20 to 69 years. Each participant was assessed on cognitive functioning and social adaptation, and was checked for the presence of psychopathological disorders. Results revealed an age-related deterioration in both cognitive and social adaptation skills, the extent of this decline depending on the dimension under scrutiny, and interindividual variability in aging profiles.

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Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on Health and Aging of C. elegans Depend on daf-12/daf-16

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/6379493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhaokang Zhang ◽

Yannan Zhou ◽

Haitao Fan ◽

Kirunda John Billy ◽

Yunjie Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Aging Process ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Mrna Expression Level ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

C Elegans ◽

Age Related ◽

Aging And Health ◽

Global Population ◽

Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides

As the global population ages, searching for drugs and functional foods which can slow down the aging process has attracted a number of researchers. In this paper, the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) extracted from Lycium barbarum was characterized and the effects of LBP on the aging and health of C. elegans were studied. Results showed that LBP can prolong the lifespan, improve the abilities to withstand environmental stress, enhance reproductive potentials, and maintain muscle integrity of C. elegans. By using genetically mutated C. elegans strains, RNAi gene silencing, and measuring the mRNA expression level, it was demonstrated that the lifespan of C. elegans was extended by LBP mainly through sir-2.1, daf-12, and daf-16. The present study might provide a basis for further study of LBP as a food or drug to interfere with aging and reduce the incidence of age-related diseases.

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