scholarly journals Involvement of OsGF14b Adaptation in the Drought Resistance of Rice Plants

Rice ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Xinjiao Sun ◽  
Wencheng Liao ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Jiansheng Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Rice Plants

Abstract Background Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict plant growth and development. 14–3-3 proteins have been validated to regulate many biological processes in plants. Previous research demonstrated that OsGF14b plays different roles in panicle and leaf blast resistance. In this study, we researched the function of OsGF14b in drought resistance in rice. Findings Here, we report that OsGF14b was strongly induced by soil drought stress. In comparison with wild type (WT), the osgf14b mutant exhibited improved resistance to drought and osmotic stress by changing the content of stress-relevant parameters, complementation of the osgf14b mutant restored the drought sensitivity to WT levels, whereas the OsGF14b-overexpression lines exhibited enhanced sensitivity to drought and osmotic stress. The osgf14b mutant plants were hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA), while the OsGF14b-overexpression plants showed reduced sensitivity to ABA. Furthermore, mutation and overexpression of OsGF14b affected the expression of stress-related genes under normal growth conditions and/or drought stress conditions. Conclusions We have demonstrated that OsGF14b is involved in the drought resistance of rice plants, partially in an ABA-dependent manner.

Response of Interspecific Hybrid Species of Manchurian Ash to MJ and NO Signals and Preliminary Study on the Formation Mechanism of Drought Resistance Advantage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
fei song ◽  
Xingtang Zhao ◽  
Liming He ◽  
Yaguang Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background: In this study, sodium nitrate (SNP, a donor of nitric oxide) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) were used as exogenous hormones. The experiment was conducted with the offspring (interspecific hybrid) D110 of ash and ash, and their respective parents (non-interspecific hybrid) D113 and 4-3 as experimental materials. The experiment set up three experimental groups of drought stress, exogenous hormone SNP and MJ, and a control group under normal growth (non-drought stress), to study the physiological indicators and gene expression of manchurian ash. Result: The results showed that under drought stress and exogenous application of hormone SNP or MJ, there were significant differences between hybrids and parents in plant growth, photosynthesis, defense enzyme activity, hormone content and gene expression.Conclusions: This experiment provides a new theoretical support for the existing hormone breeding methods of manchurian ash, which can improve the drought resistance of manchurian ash and increase its survival rate in the wild. Increasing the growth rate and breeding efficiency of manchurian ash brings new ideas.

An ABA-flavonoid relationship contributes to the differences in drought resistance between different sea buckthorn subspecies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guori Gao ◽  
Zhongrui Lv ◽  
Guoyun Zhang ◽  
Jiayi Li ◽  
Jianguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Mutual Regulation ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Drought is the most severe abiotic stress and hinders the normal growth and development of plants. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) is a typical drought-resistant tree species. In this study, the leaves of the H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis (“FN”) and H. rhamnoides ssp. mongolica (“XY”) were selected during drought-recovery cycles for RNA sequencing, and physiological and biochemical analyses. The results revealed that drought stress significantly decreased leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance in both sea buckthorn subspecies. Similarly, the contents of flavone, flavonol, isoflavone and flavanone significantly decreased under drought stress in “XY.” Conversely, in “FN,” the flavone and abscisic acid (ABA) contents were significantly higher under drought stress and recovered after rehydration. Meanwhile, 4,618 and 6,100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under drought stress in “FN” and “XY,” respectively. In total, 5,164 DEGs were observed in the comparison between “FN” and “XY” under drought stress. This was more than the 3,821 and 3,387 DEGs found when comparing the subspecies under control and rehydration conditions, respectively. These DEGs were mainly associated with carotenoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. Six hub DEGs (ABCG5, ABCG22, ABCG32, ABCG36, ABF2 and PYL4) were identified to respond to drought stress based on WGCNA and BLAST analysis using DroughtDB. These six DEGs were annotated to play roles in the ABA-dependent signaling pathway. Sixteen RNA sequencing results involving eight genes and similar expression patterns (12/16) were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of drought responses by ABA and flavonoids in sea buckthorn were clarified. In this study, gene co-expression networks were constructed, and the results suggested that the mutual regulation of ABA and flavonoid signaling contributed to the difference in drought resistance between the different sea buckthorn subspecies.

Variation in water potential components among half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata) in response to soil drought

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Elastic Modules

To assess family differences in response to drought, various water potential components of seedlings from six half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata Mill.) were compared under control (well-watered) and drought conditions. Drought stress resulted in significant changes in water relations parameters of the seedlings between treatments and among families. Although both Montgomery (103) and Pope (322) families had a superior capacity to adjust osmotically to both treatments, Montgomery (103) family exhibited greater potential to adapt to droughty environments through having the lowest values of osmotic potential both at maximum turgor and at the turgor loss point and having the highest values of (i) mean volume of osmostic water at the turgor loss point per volume of symplasmic water, (ii) symplasmic water volume per total shoot water volume, (iii) maximum bulk elastic modules, and (iv) turgor potential. Families Polk (115) and Scott (202) showed intermediate responses to drought. Both Scott (219) and Yell (342) families showed the lowest ability for osmotic adjustment to both treatments, but Yell (342) family revealed even lower drought resistance responses. Results from this study may provide the means of screening families that have high drought resistance potential during the field establishment period.

scholarly journals Roles of a Fimbrin and an α-Actinin-like Protein in Fission Yeast Cell Polarization and Cytokinesis

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Qiu Wu ◽  
Jürg Bähler ◽  
John R. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cortical Actin ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Or Organization

Eukaryotic cells contain many actin-interacting proteins, including the α-actinins and the fimbrins, both of which have actin cross-linking activity in vitro. We report here the identification and characterization of both an α-actinin-like protein (Ain1p) and a fimbrin (Fim1p) in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Ain1p localizes to the actomyosin-containing medial ring in an F-actin–dependent manner, and the Ain1p ring contracts during cytokinesis. ain1 deletion cells have no obvious defects under normal growth conditions but display severe cytokinesis defects, associated with defects in medial-ring and septum formation, under certain stress conditions. Overexpression of Ain1p also causes cytokinesis defects, and the ain1 deletion shows synthetic effects with other mutations known to affect medial-ring positioning and/or organization. Fim1p localizes both to the cortical actin patches and to the medial ring in an F-actin–dependent manner, and several lines of evidence suggest that Fim1p is involved in polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. Although a fim1deletion strain has no detectable defect in cytokinesis, overexpression of Fim1p causes a lethal cytokinesis defect associated with a failure to form the medial ring and concentrate actin patches at the cell middle. Moreover, an ain1 fim1 double mutant has a synthetical-lethal defect in medial-ring assembly and cell division. Thus, Ain1p and Fim1p appear to have an overlapping and essential function in fission yeast cytokinesis. In addition, protein-localization and mutant-phenotype data suggest that Fim1p, but not Ain1p, plays important roles in mating and in spore formation.

scholarly journals Poaceae Orthologs of Rice OsSGL, DUF1645 Domain-Containing Genes, Positively Regulate Drought Tolerance, Grain Length and Weight in Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Liu ◽  
Mingjuan Li ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Yanchun Cui ◽  
Xuming Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Drought Stress Tolerance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Seed Setting Percentage

Abstract BackgroundGrain yield is a polygenic trait influenced by environmental and genetic interactions at all growth stages of the cereal plant. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for coordinating the trade-off or cross-talk between these traits remain elusive.ResultsWe characterized the hitherto unknown function of four STRESS_tolerance and GRAIN_LENGTH (OsSGL) Poaceae ortholog genes, all encoding DUF1645 domain-containing proteins, in simultaneous regulation of grain length, grain weight, and drought stress-tolerance in rice. In normal growth conditions, the four ortholog genes were mainly expressed in the developing roots and panicles of the corresponding species. Over-expressing or heterologous high-level expressing Poaceae OsSGL ortholog genes conferred remarkably increased grain length, weight, and seed setting percentage, as well as significantly improved drought-stress tolerance in transgenic rice. Microscopical analysis also showed that the transgene expression promoted cell division and development. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed 73.8% (18,711) overlapped DEGs in all transgenic plants. Moreover, GO and KEGG analyses of different comparisons revealed that the key DEGs participating in drought stress-response belonged to hormone (especially auxin and cytokinin) pathways, and signaling processes were apparently affected in the young panicles. ConclusionTogether, these results suggest the four OsSGL orthologs perform a conserved function in regulating stress-tolerance and cell growth by acting via a hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathway. It may also induce a strategy for tailor-made crop yield improvement.

scholarly journals Yellow nutsedge WRI3/4-like gene improves drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting cuticular wax biosynthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng ◽  
Shutong Hu ◽  
Yun Han ◽  
Di Xia ◽  
Bang-Lian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Simulated Drought

Abstract Using RACE PCR, full length WRI1-like gene was amplified from yellow nutsedge. Conserved domain and phylogenetic analyses suggested it as WRI3/4-like gene. Tissue-specific expression data showed the highest expression in leaves, followed by roots while the lowest expression was detected in tuber. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing nutsedge WRI3/4-like gene showed significantly improved tolerance to both PEG-simulated drought stress and real dehydration, compared with the wild type (WT). Under normal growth conditions, the expressions of key fatty acid biosynthesis genes was not significantly different between WT and transgenic lines, while the expressions of genes involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis was significantly higher in transgenic lines compared with the WT. The PEG-simulated drought stress did not induce any significant change in the expression of fatty acid and wax biosynthesis genes in WT plants, while the expression of fatty acid and wax biosynthesis genes was significantly increased in transgenic lines compared with WT as well as unstressed transgenic control. The expression of TAG1, the gene involved in triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation, was significantly lower in the transgenic lines than that in the WT in normal growth conditions. Drought stress slightly decreased the expression of TAG1 in the WT, but significantly lowered it in transgenic lines compared with its unstressed transgenic control and WT. Consistent with gene expression data, the cuticular wax content in Arabidopsis leaves was significantly higher in the transgenic lines than in the WT, while the oil content was not significantly different. Our results indicated that WRI3/4-like gene from Cyperus esculentus improves drought tolerance in Arabidopsis probably by promoting cuticular wax biosynthesis and, hence, could be a valuable target for improving drought tolerance in crops through recombinant DNA technology.

Drought and cold stress responses in orostachys spinosa L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Otgonsuvd B ◽  
Ouyngerel Sh ◽  
Altanzaya T
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency Of Psii ◽  
Succulent Plant ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Long Time

Orostachys spinosa L. is a succulent plant native to predominantly East Asia. The objective of this study was to identify physiological and morphological responses of O. spinosa L. species to cold, drought stress in laboratory conditions. Exposure of plants to a drought stress for 28 days slightly decreased the photochemical efficiency of PSII and the Fv/Fm values were 10-15% lower (0.75±0.01) compared with the control plants (0.85±0.01). For cold treatments, plants were exposed to 4°C for 60 days and for recovery transferred to normal growth conditions for 14 days. Fv/Fm photochemical efficiency of PSII can be used to monitor PSII photoinhibition. This parameter describes the efficiency of the electron transfer within PSII.The results of this study demonstrated that O. spinosa L. plants were better adapted to cold and drought conditions as they showed less visible symptoms and highest Fv/Fm levels at the long time chilling and drought stress.

scholarly journals Growth Promotion or Osmotic Stress Response: How SNF1-Related Protein Kinase 2 (SnRK2) Kinases Are Activated and Manage Intracellular Signaling in Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Kamiyama ◽  
Sotaro Katagiri ◽  
Taishi Umezawa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Wide Range

Reversible phosphorylation is a major mechanism for regulating protein function and controls a wide range of cellular functions including responses to external stimuli. The plant-specific SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) function as central regulators of plant growth and development, as well as tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses. Although the activity of SnRK2s is tightly regulated in a phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent manner, recent investigations have revealed that SnRK2s can be activated by group B Raf-like protein kinases independently of ABA. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating that SnRK2s modulate plant growth through regulation of target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling. Here, we summarize recent advances in knowledge of how SnRK2s mediate plant growth and osmotic stress signaling and discuss future challenges in this research field.

scholarly journals Versatile Physiological Functions of Plant GSK3-Like Kinases

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Juan Mao ◽  
Wenxin Li ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Jianming Li
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Plant Stress Responses ◽  
Diverse Plant

The plant glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-like kinases are highly conserved protein serine/threonine kinases that are grouped into four subfamilies. Similar to their mammalian homologs, these kinases are constitutively active under normal growth conditions but become inactivated in response to diverse developmental and environmental signals. Since their initial discoveries in the early 1990s, many biochemical and genetic studies were performed to investigate their physiological functions in various plant species. These studies have demonstrated that the plant GSK3-like kinases are multifunctional kinases involved not only in a wide variety of plant growth and developmental processes but also in diverse plant stress responses. Here we summarize our current understanding of the versatile physiological functions of the plant GSK3-like kinases along with their confirmed and potential substrates.

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