scholarly journals Biomimetic nanotherapy: core–shell structured nanocomplexes based on the neutrophil membrane for targeted therapy of lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangqiang Zhao ◽  
Duanfeng Jiang ◽  
Xiaoying Sun ◽  
Qiuyu Mo ◽  
Shaobin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Lymphoma Therapy

Abstract Background Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant disease of lymphoid tissue. At present, chemotherapy is still the main method for the treatment of NHL. R-CHOP can significantly improve the survival rate of patients. Unfortunately, DOX is the main cytotoxic drug in R-CHOP and it can lead to adverse reactions. Therefore, it is particularly important to uncover new treatment options for NHL. Results In this study, a novel anti-tumor nanoparticle complex Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM was designed and constructed in this study. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with Doxorubicin (DOX) and anti-inflammatory drugs Shanzhiside methylester (SM) were used as the core of nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane (Nm) can be coated with multiple nanonuclei as a shell. DOX combined with SM can enhance the anti-tumor effect, and induce apoptosis of lymphoma cells and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors related to tumorigenesis depending on the regulation of Bcl-2 family-mediated mitochondrial pathways, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Consequently, the tumor microenvironment (TME) was reshaped, and the anti-tumor effect of DOX was amplified. Besides, Nm has good biocompatibility and can enhance the EPR effect of Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM and increase the effect of active targeting tumors. Conclusions This suggests that the Nm-modified drug delivery system Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM is a promising targeted chemotherapy and anti-inflammatory therapy nanocomplex, and may be employed as a specific and efficient anti-Lymphoma therapy.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Cutibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammation in HaCaT Cells by Using Buddleja davidii Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anh Thu Nguyen ◽  
Ki-young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Hacat Keratinocyte

Acne is an inflammatory skin disorder; although some anti-inflammatory medicines for treating acne are available in a market, they have considerable side effects; therefore, new treatment options are needed. In the present study, among the 16 aqueous extracts of plants collected from Jeju Island in Korea which are used to test anti-inflammatory activity, B. davidii showed the strong decline of the proinflammatory cytokine expression against the inflammatory process caused by C. acnes in Human HaCaT keratinocyte cells. B. davidii downregulated the expression of 57% of COX-2, 41% of iNOS, and proinflammatory cytokines 29% of TNF-α, 32% of IL-1β, 21% of IL-6, and 35% of IL-8. Furthermore, B. davidii inhibited NF-κB and MAPK signaling cascades in keratinocytes that activated by toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) in response to C. acnes. Given those results, B. davidii is a potential agent to reduce the proinflammatory cytokine expression against C. acnes-induced inflammation and might provide an alternative to the current medications.

scholarly journals Beyond the guidelines management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case report of a girl with polyarticular disease refractory to multiple treatment options and Leri Weill syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vana Vukić ◽  
Ana Smajo ◽  
Mandica Vidović ◽  
Rudolf Vukojević ◽  
Miroslav Harjaček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Systemic Glucocorticoids ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The last two decades brought new treatment options and high quality guidelines into the paediatric rheumatologic practice. Nevertheless, a number of patients still present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to combination of vague symptoms and unresponsiveness to available treatment modalities. Case presentation We report a case of sixteen years old girl suffering from polyarticular type of juvenile idiopathic arthritis refractory to multiple treatment options. She first presented at the age of 4 with swelling and contractures of both knees. Her symptoms were initially unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and progressed despite treatment with intraarticular and systemic glucocorticoids and methotrexate. Throughout the years, she received several biologics together with continuous administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs as well as intraarticular and systemic glucocorticoids in disease flares. However, none of this options  provided a permanent remission, so various other modalities, as well as other possible diagnoses were constantly being considered. Eventually she became dependent on a daily dose of systemic glucocorticoids. In 2018, the treatment with Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib was initiated, which led to gradual amelioration of musculoskeletal symptoms, improvement of inflammatory markers and overall well-being, as well as to the weaning of systemic glucocorticoids. As the swelling of the wrists subsided for the first time in many years, Madelung’s deformity was noticed, first clinically, and later radiographically as well. Genetic analysis revealed short-stature homeobox gene deficiency and confirmed the diagnosis of Leri Weill syndrome. Conclusions This case report emphasizes the need for reporting refractory, complicated cases from everyday clinical practice in order to build-up the overall knowledge and share experience which is complementary to available guidelines. Individual reports of difficult to treat cases, especially when additional diagnoses are involved, can be helpful for physicians treating patients with common rheumatological diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

scholarly journals From Inflammation to the Onset of Fibrosis through A2A Receptors in Kidneys from Deceased Donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8826
Author(s):  
Elena Guillén-Gómez ◽  
Irene Silva ◽  
Núria Serra ◽  
Francisco Caballero ◽  
Jesús Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deceased Donor ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
A2a Adenosine Receptor ◽  
A2a Receptors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pka Pathway ◽  
Tgf Β1 ◽  
M2 Phenotype

Pretransplant graft inflammation could be involved in the worse prognosis of deceased donor (DD) kidney transplants. A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) can stimulate anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, leading to fibrosis if injury and inflammation persist. Pre-implantation biopsies of kidney donors (47 DD and 21 living donors (LD)) were used to analyze expression levels and activated intracellular pathways related to inflammatory and pro-fibrotic processes. A2AR expression and PKA pathway were enhanced in DD kidneys. A2AR gene expression correlated with TGF-β1 and other profibrotic markers, as well as CD163, C/EBPβ, and Col1A1, which are highly expressed in DD kidneys. TNF-α mRNA levels correlated with profibrotic and anti-inflammatory factors such as TGF-β1 and A2AR. Experiments with THP-1 cells point to the involvement of the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway in the up-regulation of A2AR, which induces the M2 phenotype increasing CD163 and TGF-β1 expression. In DD kidneys, the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway could be involved in the increase of A2AR expression, which would activate the PKA–CREB axis, inducing the macrophage M2 phenotype, TGF-β1 production, and ultimately, fibrosis. Thus, in inflamed DD kidneys, an increase in A2AR expression is associated with the onset of fibrosis, which may contribute to graft dysfunction and prognostic differences between DD and LD transplants.

scholarly journals Accumulation of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs by Gingival Fibroblasts

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Zavarella ◽  
O. Gbemi ◽  
J.D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Mediator ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to manage pain and inflammatory disorders. We hypothesized that gingival fibroblasts actively accumulate NSAIDs and enhance their levels in gingival connective tissue. Using fluorescence to monitor NSAID transport, we demonstrated that cultured gingival fibroblasts transport naproxen in a saturable, temperature-dependent manner with a Km of 127 μg/mL and a Vmax of 1.42 ng/min/μg protein. At steady state, the intracellular/extracellular concentration ratio was 1.9 for naproxen and 7.2 for ibuprofen. Naproxen transport was most efficient at neutral pH and was significantly enhanced upon cell treatment with TNF-α. In humans, systemically administered naproxen attained steady-state levels of 61.9 μg/mL in blood and 9.4 μg/g in healthy gingival connective tissue, while ibuprofen attained levels of 2.3 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/g, respectively. Thus, gingival fibroblasts possess transporters for NSAIDs that are up-regulated by an inflammatory mediator, but there is no evidence that they contribute to elevated NSAID levels in healthy gingiva.

scholarly journals Peran Kurkumin Sebagai Terapi Pada Osteoartritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Rilianda Abelira
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The World ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoartritis (OA) merupakan salah satu penyakit penyakit degeneratif atau geriatri yang disebabkan adanya inflamasi yang melibatkan kartilago, lapisan sendi, ligamen, dan tulang yang akibatnya dapat menyebabkan nyeri dan kekakuan pada sendi. Epidemiologi OA di didunia sekitar 15% dengan usia diatas 65-75 dan diperkirakan pada tahun 2020 penderita osteoarthritis akan meningkat 11,6 juta penderita. Kejadian OA di Indonesia dari tahun 1990 hingga 2010 telah mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 44,2% dan berdasarkan usia di Indonesia cukup tinggi dengan 65% pada usia tua (lansia) atau lebih dari 61 tahun. Pengobatan secara farmakologis untuk OA dengan menggunakan Obat Anti Inflamasi Non-Steroid (OAINS) salah satu contohnya adalah meloksikam. Namun, efek samping penggunaan OAINS dapat menimbulkan beberapa masalah seperti timbulnya ulkus peptikum dan gangguan pencernaan. Hal ini menyebabkan sedang dikembangkannya pengobatan herbal untuk OA yang harapannya dapat menjadi pengobatan utama dalam mengatasi OA dengan menggunakan kurkumin. Kurkumin berperan sebagai antiinflamasi dalam kunyit putih dengan menurunkan aktivitas cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2), lipoxygenase dan menghambat produksi sitokin seperti TNF-α, interleukin (IL). Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative or geriatric disease that is caused by inflammation involving cartilages, joint lining, ligaments, and bones which can cause pain and stiffness in the joints. Epidemiology of OA in the world around 15% with ages above 65-75 and it is estimated in 2020, osteoarthritis will increase by 11.6 million. The incidence of OA in Indonesia from 1990 to 2010 has increased by 44.2% and by age in Indonesia is quite high with 65% in old age (elderly) or more than 61 years. Treatment for OA is using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as meloxicam. However, side effects of NSAID use can cause several problems such as the emergence of peptic ulcer and digestive disorders. This has led to the development of herbal treatments for OA which hopes to become the main treatment in overcoming OA by using curcumin. Curcumin acts as an anti-inflammatory in white turmeric by reducing the activity of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase and inhibiting the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL).

Osteoarthritis in Older Adults: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Versus Opioids

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 674-677
Author(s):  
Callan Banks ◽  
Krystal Hughes ◽  
Cassandra Simpkins ◽  
David P. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Central Nervous System Depression ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Persistent pain in older adults as a result of osteoarthritis (OA) has various treatment options, and all of them have significant risks. An oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or an opioid can be considered as a treatment option when persistent pain is not controlled by nonpharmacological interventions and regularly scheduled doses of acetaminophen. However, NSAIDs are nephrotoxic and may cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding. These risks can be mitigated through the initiation of a proton-pump inhibitor and careful monitoring of renal function and serum electrolytes. A low-dose opioid taken as needed can be considered as a treatment option if the pain is not controlled by NSAIDs as long as the risks associated with central nervous system depression and dose escalation as a result of tolerance are monitored closely. The complete patient profile must be taken into consideration when determining the best option.

Apoptosis perturbations and expression of regulatory inflammatory factors in cisplatin-depleted rat livers under l-arginine protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehab M. El-Sayed ◽  
Hebatalla I. Ahmed ◽  
Abd El-Lateef S. Abd El-Lateef ◽  
Azza A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Apoptotic Marker ◽  
Apoptosis Markers ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Livers ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Hepatic injury is one of the most common complications associated with cisplatin (CIS) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to stop the hepatic cell death due to inflammatory and apoptotic perturbations. l-arginine has protective effects in several models of liver injury. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of l-arginine against CIS-induced acute hepatic injury in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: control, l-arginine, CIS, l-arginine + CIS. Liver function, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis markers were assessed. l-arginine pretreatment protected the liver against CIS-induced toxicity as indicated by significantly alleviating the changes in liver function along with restoration of the antioxidant status. This finding was confirmed with the markedly improved pathological changes. l-arginine showed anti-inflammatory effect through the reduction of liver expression of iNOS, TNF-α, and NF-κβ, which were ameliorated to significant levels. Furthermore, l-arginine administration downregulated the liver expression of the apoptotic marker, caspase-3. The results recommend l-arginine as a hepatoprotective agent against CIS toxicity. Mostly, this hepatoprotective effect of l-arginine involved anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fucoxanthinol in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells through the NAAA-PEA Pathway

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Jin ◽  
Longhe Yang ◽  
Zhiwei Yi ◽  
Hua Fang ◽  
Weizhu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator with powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic functions. PEA can be hydrolyzed by a lysosomal enzyme N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), which is highly expressed in macrophages and other immune cells. The pharmacological inhibition of NAAA activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation-related diseases. Fucoxanthinol (FXOH) is a marine carotenoid from brown seaweeds with various beneficial effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action of FXOH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of FXOH in the NAAA–PEA pathway and the anti-inflammatory effects based on this mechanism. In vitro results showed that FXOH can directly bind to the active site of NAAA protein and specifically inhibit the activity of NAAA enzyme. In an LPS-induced inflammatory model in macrophages, FXOH pretreatment significantly reversed the LPS-induced downregulation of PEA levels. FXOH also substantially attenuated the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and markedly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, the inhibitory effect of FXOH on NO induction was significantly abolished by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) inhibitor GW6471. All these findings demonstrated that FXOH can prevent LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages, and its mechanisms may be associated with the regulation of the NAAA-PEA-PPAR-α pathway.

Comparing the effect of intestinal bacteria from rabbit, pig, and chicken on inflammatory response in cultured rabbit crypt and villus

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Xiao Cui ◽  
Xiu Rong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Rabbit Ileum ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Rabbit is susceptible to intestinal infection, which often results in severe inflammatory response. To investigate whether the special community structure of rabbit intestinal bacteria contributes to this susceptibility, we compared the inflammatory responses of isolated rabbit crypt and villus to heat-treated total bacteria in pig, chicken, and rabbit ileal contents. The dominant phylum in pig and chicken ileum was Firmicutes, while Bacteroidetes was dominant in rabbit ileum. The intestinal bacteria from rabbit induced higher expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rabbit crypt and villus (P < 0.05). TLR2 and TLR3 expression was obviously stimulated by chicken and pig intestinal bacteria (P < 0.05) but not by those of rabbit. The ileal bacteria from those three animals all increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in crypts and villus (P < 0.05). Chicken and pig ileal bacteria also stimulated the expression of anti-inflammatory factors interferon beta (IFN-β) and IL-10 (P < 0.05), while those of rabbit did not (P > 0.05). In conclusion, a higher abundance of Gram-negative bacteria in rabbit ileum did not lead to more expressive pro-inflammatory cytokines in isolated rabbit crypt and villus, but a higher percentage of Lactobacillus in chicken ileum might result in more expressive anti-inflammatory factors.

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