scholarly journals A brief review of non-invasive brain imaging technologies and the near-infrared optical bioimaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beomsue Kim ◽  
Hongmin Kim ◽  
Songhui Kim ◽  
Young-ran Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Neural Disorders

AbstractBrain disorders seriously affect life quality. Therefore, non-invasive neuroimaging has received attention to monitoring and early diagnosing neural disorders to prevent their progress to a severe level. This short review briefly describes the current MRI and PET/CT techniques developed for non-invasive neuroimaging and the future direction of optical imaging techniques to achieve higher resolution and specificity using the second near-infrared (NIR-II) region of wavelength with organic molecules.

scholarly journals Ten Years Evidence-Based High-Tech Acupuncture–A Short Review of Centrally Measured Effects (Part II)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Litscher
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Short Review ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Acupuncture Research ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time

The assessment of acupuncture-induced effects on brain function is crucial. Ultrasound-assisted brain function monitoring and bioelectrical methods as well as near infrared spectroscopic procedures and functional magnetic resonance investigations form the basis for the latest scientific examination methods for acupuncture research. The laserneedle acupuncture, which was examined scientifically for the first time in Graz, represents a new painless and non-invasive acupuncture method. In this way, individual combinations of acupuncture points can be stimulated simultaneously according to traditional Chinese medicine. In the context of double-blind studies, effects in the brain could be demonstrated in a reproducible manner for the first time. This second part of the short review article summarizes some of the centrally measured effects of acupuncture obtained at the Medical University of Graz within the last 10 years.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Imaging Using PET/CT with Collagen-I PET-Tracer and MRI for Assessment of Fibrotic and Inflammatory Lesions in a Rat Lung Injury Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Mahmutovic Persson ◽  
Nina Fransén Pettersson ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Hanna Falk Håkansson ◽  
Anders Örbom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pet Tracer ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging

Non-invasive imaging biomarkers (IBs) are warranted to enable improved diagnostics and follow-up monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) including drug-induced ILD (DIILD). Of special interest are IB, which can characterize and differentiate acute inflammation from fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a PET-tracer specific for Collagen-I, combined with multi-echo MRI, in a rat model of DIILD. Rats were challenged intratracheally with bleomycin, and subsequently followed by MRI and PET/CT for four weeks. PET imaging demonstrated a significantly increased uptake of the collagen tracer in the lungs of challenged rats compared to controls. This was confirmed by MRI characterization of the lesions as edema or fibrotic tissue. The uptake of tracer did not show complete spatial overlap with the lesions identified by MRI. Instead, the tracer signal appeared at the borderline between lesion and healthy tissue. Histological tissue staining, fibrosis scoring, lysyl oxidase activity measurements, and gene expression markers all confirmed establishing fibrosis over time. In conclusion, the novel PET tracer for Collagen-I combined with multi-echo MRI, were successfully able to monitor fibrotic changes in bleomycin-induced lung injury. The translational approach of using non-invasive imaging techniques show potential also from a clinical perspective.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Pope Pius VII Ancient Ecclesiastical Vestment by a Multi-Analytical Approach

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1616-1638
Author(s):  
Donata Magrini ◽  
Susanna Bracci ◽  
Roberta Iannaccone ◽  
Lucia Nucci ◽  
Barbara Salvadori
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Analytical Protocol ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper presents a multi-analytical investigation performed for the study of the ecclesiastical vestment, with insignia, of Pope Pius VII, painted from the end of the 18th up to the beginning of the 19th century, made of five clothing elements: chasuble, stole, maniple, chalice veil and purse. The aim of this research was to assess the conservation state of the silk and painted backgrounds; to define the manufacturing technique of the work; to localize, if present, the underdrawing and any retouching; to identify the pigments and, where possible, the binders used. A diagnostic protocol was developed based on preliminary investigations through multiband imaging techniques known as MBI (visible, ultraviolet-induced visible luminescence (UVL), near-infrared reflected (NIR) and infrared reflected false color (IRRFC) photography). The images acquired with MBI techniques ensured a more specific choice of spots to be analyzed directly in situ by non-invasive techniques. In particular, portable digital optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were performed. Two fragments detached from the chasuble were also analyzed by microFT-IR, microRaman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Application of the multi-analytical protocol enabled the materials used to be characterized and helped to define the peculiar execution technique used. The presence of an underdrawing made with a carbon pencil was highlighted by MBI. Red lakes, iron-based pigments and copper-based pigments have been identified on the painting palette, applied with arabic gum as a binder.

New frontiers in multispectral chemical imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Michael D. Schaeberle ◽  
Patrick J. Treado
Keyword(s):  
Indium Antimonide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Platinum Silicide ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ccd Detectors

Recent advancements in visible and near-infrared multichannel detectors as well as the availability of novel imaging quality tunable filters make multispectral chemical imaging microscopy viable for routine materials characterization. Our research involves the development and application of chemical imaging methods that are rapid, non-invasive, and intuitive. The methods require limited sample preparation, and can be performed at high spectral and spatial resolution.The chemical imaging techniques employ Raman scattering, fluorescence emission or infrared absorption spectroscopies in combination with optical microscopy. In general, the methods provide qualitative and quantitative information about the composition and distribution of constituents within a wide host of materials, including biological tissues, polymers, and semiconductors.Silicon charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors are widely utilized for image detection in visible microscopy. Currently underutilized, but providing significant capabilities for chemical imaging based on infrared vibrational absorption are focal plane array (FPA) detectors providing sensitivity in the near-infrared and mid infrared. These include cameras constructed from indium antimonide (InSb), platinum silicide (PtSi), indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) and mercury cadmium telluride (MCT).

scholarly journals Fluorescence Imaging as a Tool in Preclinical Evaluation of Polymer-Based Nano-DDS Systems Intended for Cancer Treatment

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Etrych ◽  
Olga Janoušková ◽  
Petr Chytil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Targeted Drug

Targeted drug delivery using nano-sized carrier systems with targeting functions to malignant and inflammatory tissue and tailored controlled drug release inside targeted tissues or cells has been and is still intensively studied. A detailed understanding of the correlation between the pharmacokinetic properties and structure of the nano-sized carrier is crucial for the successful transition of targeted drug delivery nanomedicines into clinical practice. In preclinical research in particular, fluorescence imaging has become one of the most commonly used powerful imaging tools. Increasing numbers of suitable fluorescent dyes that are excitable in the visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths of the spectrum and the non-invasive nature of the method have significantly expanded the applicability of fluorescence imaging. This chapter summarizes non-invasive fluorescence-based imaging methods and discusses their potential advantages and limitations in the field of drug delivery, especially in anticancer therapy. This chapter focuses on fluorescent imaging from the cellular level up to the highly sophisticated three-dimensional imaging modality at a systemic level. Moreover, we describe the possibility for simultaneous treatment and imaging using fluorescence theranostics and the combination of different imaging techniques, e.g., fluorescence imaging with computed tomography.

scholarly journals Quantitative in vivo bioluminescence imaging of orthotopic patient-derived glioblastoma xenografts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Koessinger ◽  
Dominik Koessinger ◽  
Katrina Stevenson ◽  
Catherine Cloix ◽  
Louise Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Glioblastoma Cells ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Infrared Fluorescent Protein

AbstractDespite extensive research, little progress has been made in glioblastoma therapy, owing in part to a lack of adequate preclinical in vivo models to study this disease. To mitigate this, primary patient-derived cell lines, which maintain their specific stem-like phenotypes, have replaced established glioblastoma cell lines. However, due to heterogenous tumour growth inherent in glioblastoma, the use of primary cells for orthotopic in vivo studies often requires large experimental group sizes. Therefore, when using intracranial patient-derived xenograft (PDX) approaches, it is advantageous to deploy imaging techniques to monitor tumour growth and allow stratification of mice. Here we show that stable expression of near-infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP) in patient-derived glioblastoma cells enables rapid direct non-invasive monitoring of tumour development without compromising tumour stemness or tumorigenicity. Moreover, as this approach does not depend on the use of agents like luciferin, which can cause variability due to changing bioavailability, it can be used for quantitative longitudinal monitoring of tumour growth. Notably, we show that this technique also allows quantitative assessment of tumour burden in highly invasive models spreading throughout the brain. Thus, iRFP transduction of primary patient-derived glioblastoma cells is a reliable, cost- and time-effective way to monitor heterogenous orthotopic PDX growth.

scholarly journals Clinical application of pet

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lomeña ◽  
Marina Soler
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging modality that gives information on tissue metabolism and functionalism, different from other imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provide anatomical or structural information. PET has reached its development in biomedical research because of its capacity to use analogous compounds of many endogenous substance as tracers, and to measure, in vivo and in a non-invasive way, their consumption by the different organs and tissues of the mammalian body. Fluordeoxyglucose-F18 (FDG) PET has been proven to be a tracer adequate for clinical use in oncology and in many neurological diseases, with an excellent cost-efficiency ratio. The current PET-CT scanners can come to be the best tools for exploring patients who suffer from cancer.

scholarly journals Fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging-guided nanomaterials for highly efficient cancer theragnostic agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Hoang Minh Doan ◽  
Van Tu Nguyen ◽  
Sudip Mondal ◽  
Thi Mai Thien Vo ◽  
Cao Duong Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cell Ablation ◽  
Tumor Tissues

AbstractImaging modalities combined with a multimodal nanocomposite contrast agent hold great potential for significant contributions in the biomedical field. Among modern imaging techniques, photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence (FL) imaging gained much attention due to their non-invasive feature and the mutually supportive characteristic in terms of spatial resolution, penetration depth, imaging sensitivity, and speed. In this present study, we synthesized IR783 conjugated chitosan–polypyrrole nanocomposites (IR-CS–PPy NCs) as a theragnostic agent used for FL/PA dual-modal imaging. A customized FL and photoacoustic imaging system was constructed to perform required imaging experiments and create high-contrast images. The proposed nanocomposites were confirmed to have great biosafety, essentially a near-infrared (NIR) absorbance property with enhanced photostability. The in vitro photothermal results indicate the high-efficiency MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell ablation ability of IR-CS–PPy NCs under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation. The in vivo PTT study revealed the complete destruction of the tumor tissues with IR-CS–PPy NCs without further recurrence. The in vitro and in vivo results suggest that the demonstrated nanocomposites, together with the proposed imaging systems could be an effective theragnostic agent for imaging-guided cancer treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document