scholarly journals Psychological symptoms, mental fatigue and behavioural adherence after 72 continuous days of strict lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Torrente ◽  
Adrian Yoris ◽  
Daniel Low ◽  
Pablo Lopez ◽  
Pedro Bekinschtein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Cognitive Problems

BackgroundAn early and prolonged lockdown was adopted in Argentina during the first wave of COVID-19. Early reports evidenced elevated psychological symptoms.AimsTo explore if the prolonged lockdown was associated with elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms; if mental fatigue was associated with lockdown adherence (a phenomenon called ‘behavioural fatigue’); and if financial concerns were associated with lockdown adherence and emotional symptoms.MethodThe survey included standardised questionnaires to assess depressive (PHQ-9) and anxious (GAD-7) symptoms, mental fatigue, risk perception, lockdown adherence, financial concerns, daily stress, loneliness, intolerance to uncertainty, negative repetitive thinking and cognitive problems. LASSO regression analyses were carried out to predict depression, anxiety and lockdown adherenceResultsThe survey reached 3617 adults (85.2% female) from all provinces of Argentina after 72 days of lockdown. Data were collected between 21 May 2020 and 4 June 2020. In that period, Argentina had an Oxford stringency index of 85/100. Of those surveyed, 45.6% and 27% met the cut-offs for depression and anxiety, respectively. Mental fatigue, cognitive failures and financial concerns were correlated with psychological symptoms, but not with adherence to lockdown. In regression models, mental fatigue, cognitive failures and loneliness were the most important variables to predict depression, intolerance to uncertainty and lockdown difficulty were the most important for anxiety, and perceived threat was the most important for predicting lockdown adherence.ConclusionsDuring the extended lockdown, psychological symptoms increased, being enhanced by mental fatigue, cognitive difficulties and financial concerns. We found no evidence of behavioural fatigue. Thus, feeling mentally fatigued is not the same as being behaviourally fatigued.

scholarly journals Emotional symptoms, mental fatigue and behavioral adherence after 72 continuous days of strict lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Torrente ◽  
A Yoris ◽  
DM Low ◽  
PL Lopez ◽  
P Bekinschtein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Cognitive Problems

AbstractBackgroundAn early, total, and prolonged lockdown was adopted in Argentina during the first wave of COVID-19 as the main sanitary strategy to reduce the spread of the virus in the population. The aim of this study was to explore emotional symptoms, mental fatigue, and behavioral adherence associated with the COVID-19 pandemic after an average of 72 days of continuous lockdown in Argentina. Specifically, we intended to know: 1) if the prolongation of the lockdown was associated with elevated emotional symptoms; 2) if the prolonged lockdown affected adherence, a phenomenon called “behavioral fatigue”; and 3) how financial concerns in a developing country affected adherence to the lockdown and emotional status of the population.MethodA survey was designed to evaluate the psychological impact of the pandemic and lockdown. The survey included standardized questionnaires to assess the severity of depressive (PHQ-9) and anxious (GAD-7) symptoms, a questionnaire to evaluate mental fatigue, and several additional instruments to assess other variables of interest: risk perception, lockdown adherence, financial concerns, daily stress, loneliness, intolerance to uncertainty, negative repetitive thinking, and cognitive problems. Three LASSO regression analyses were carried to evaluate the predictive role of the different variables over depression, anxiety, and lockdown adherenceResultsThe survey was responded by 3617 individuals over the age of 18 (85.2% female) from all the provinces of Argentina. Using the Oxford stringency index, Argentina had one of the most stringent and prolonged lockdowns when the sample was collected with 63 to 77 continuous days with a stringency index of more than 85/100. 45.6% of the sample met the cut-off for depression and 27% for anxiety. Previous mental health treatment, low income, being younger, and being female were associated with higher levels of emotional symptoms. Mental fatigue, cognitive failures, and financial concerns were also associated with emotional and subjective complaints, but not with adherence to the lockdown. In the regression models, mental fatigue, cognitive failures, and loneliness were the most important variables to predict depression, meanwhile intolerance to uncertainty and lockdown difficulty were the most important in the case of anxiety. Perceived threat was the most important variable predicting lockdown adherence.ConclusionsEmotional symptoms persisted and even increased during the extended lockdown, but we found no evidence of behavioral fatigue. Instead, mental fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and financial concerns were expressions of the emotional side of the pandemic and the restrictive measures.

scholarly journals Perception of Threat and Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Expatriates in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6650
Author(s):  
Majed A. Algarni ◽  
Mohammad S. Alzahrani ◽  
Yasser Alatawi ◽  
Raghad A. Alasmari ◽  
Hashem O. Alsaab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Perception Of Threat

In the first few months of the pandemic, Makkah region reported the highest number of COVID-19 cases among all regions in Saudi Arabia. More than 80% of these reported cases were non-Saudi residents. In this study, we evaluated the perceived threat from and psychological impact of COVID-19 among non-Saudi residents of Makkah region. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data collected using a standardized self-report questionnaire. A total of 292 expatriates were included in the study, the majority of whom were non-Arabic speakers. The prevalence of self-reported depression was nearly 40%, anxiety was 32%, and stress was 43%. The findings indicated variability in the prevalence of psychological symptoms among expatriates from different ethnic backgrounds. Additionally, work environment and perceived threat were strong predictors of psychological disorders. This suggested that the perceived threat from and psychological burden of COVID-19 among non-Saudis in Makkah region is substantial. Future research should investigate the reasons behind these variations in the psychological impact of the pandemic among different ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Effect of Hypnotic Group Treatment on Distress Psychopathology in Mixed-group Outpatients with Depression and Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-271
Author(s):  
Roberto Truzoli ◽  
Bruno Renzi ◽  
Marta Romanò ◽  
Ilaria Gremizzi ◽  
Veronica Pirola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Mixed Group ◽  
Cd Rom

Background: There is evidence of hypnosis being effective in reducing both emotional distress, anxiety, and depression. Hypnosis as a technique promotes enhanced mental mastery over the body. This may result in hypnosis being particularly salient in treating distress associated with somatic and psychological symptoms. Objective: This research aims at verifying the effectiveness of a group treatment, which provides for the use of hypnosis-related techniques in mixed-group outpatients with anxiety or depression. Methods: Participants. 31 outpatients (average age= 49.005; DS =12.1) including 13 with mild-moderate depression (average age= 49.17; DS=12.20) and 18 with mild-moderate anxiety (average age=48.84; DS=13.02). Procedure. The group treatment comprised 8 sessions, during which a hypnotic state was induced, aimed at generating a sensation of profound wellbeing in the participants. They could share their experience in a penultimate group session, and were provided with individualised recommendations on nutrition and lifestyle in the last individual session. Patients were prescribed to practice self-hypnosis every day at home with the support of a CD-ROM. Psychopathological symptomatology (SCL-90R), depression (BDI), and anxiety (STAI-Y1, SAS) were assessed at pre, post, and 3-month follow-up. Statistical analysis. Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitey tests were used. The Bonferroni’s correction was applied as needed. The effect size (Cohen’s d) was also measured. Results: For the total sample, for all tests, significant differences were observed in the phases. The effect size was found to vary from “small” at pre to ”medium” at post. A “large” effect size was observed when comparing pre and follow-up phases. An overall reduction in the symptoms of distress measured by the SCL-90 R – with the anxiety group showing better outcomes – alongside with an improvement in the symptoms of depression and anxiety were observed in all participants. Conclusion: The clinical impact appears to be relevant, as shown by the values for d. The treatment is cost-effective for highly prevalent disorders in outpatients. The outcomes of this study support the effectiveness of hypnotic group treatment.

scholarly journals Development of a Care Bundle for Stroke Survivors with Psychological Symptoms: Evidence Summary and Delphi Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yiting Chen ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Jian Peng ◽  
Lanjun Shen ◽  
Juan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Care Bundle ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Evidence Summary

Background. Psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety are quite common among stroke survivors and have great negative impacts on patients. Objective. To develop a care bundle through reviewing and integrating care strategies for psychological symptoms after stroke and then improve the bundle by Delphi study. Methods. A structured search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating interventions for stroke patients with psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Two trained researchers screened papers through the titles, abstracts, and full-texts independently. All studies complying with the eligibility criteria were appraised using quality assessment tools. Related interventions with evaluated evidence levels formed the preliminary bundle. Afterward, the Delphi study was carried out to improve the bundle, and the experts were contacted by e-mail. Ten clinical experts specialized in stroke and psychological rehabilitation were recruited. The reliability of experts was represented by the effective response rate and authority coefficient (Cr). The consensus was deemed to be reached when the mean score for item importance is all equal or above 3.50 and the coefficient of variation (CV) is all equal or below 0.20. The Kendall coefficient W test was adopted to evaluate the consensus on agreement among the experts as well. Data analysis was performed using SPSS V.22.0. Results. Through a systematic evidence summary and two-round Delphi study, the items that were given high scores and got consensus by experts were chosen for the bundle. The iDAME bundle consisted of five interventions eventually: maintaining Interaction, tailored Diet, Acupressure, mindfulness Meditation, and physical Exercise. Conclusion. The development of an evidence-based and consensus-based iDAME bundle which integrated western and traditional Chinese medicine intervention was described. Evidence summary made the bundle become scientific, while the Delphi study made it more maneuverable. Based on these results, the bundle would be potentially implemented in stroke patients for their psychological symptoms.

scholarly journals Using an Adjunctive Treatment to Address Psychological Distress in a National Weight Management Program: Results of an Integrated Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (9-10) ◽  
pp. e1662-e1670
Author(s):  
Gina Evans-Hudnall ◽  
Mary O Odafe ◽  
Adrienne Johnson ◽  
Nicholas Armenti ◽  
Jennifer O’Neil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Depression And Anxiety

Abstract Introduction Obesity is highly comorbid with psychological symptoms in veterans, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Obese veterans with comorbid psychological symptoms often display suboptimal weight loss and poor physical functioning when participating in weight management programs. The MOVE! program aims to increase healthy eating and physical activity to promote weight loss in obese veterans. Adequately addressing psychological barriers is necessary to maximize outcomes in MOVE! for veterans with PTSD, depression, and anxiety. We examined the preliminary outcomes of administering the Healthy Emotions and Improving Health BehavioR Outcomes (HERO) intervention. HERO is adjunctive cognitive-behavioral therapy to MOVE! that addresses PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptom barriers to engagement in physical activity. Materials and Methods All recruitment and study procedures were approved by the institutional review board and research and development committees of the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. Participants gave written informed consent before enrollment. Thirty-four obese veterans with a diagnosis of PTSD, depression, and/or anxiety who were attending MOVE! were assigned to the 8-session HERO group or the usual care (UC) group. Veterans completed assessments of PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms, physical activity, physical functioning, and weight at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks post treatment. Changes from baseline to 8- and 16-week follow-up on the self-report and clinician-rated measures were assessed, using independent samples t-tests and analyses of covariance. Results At 8 weeks post treatment, participants in the HERO group had significantly higher step counts per day than participants in the UC group. Similarly, at 16 weeks post-treatment, participants in the HERO group continued to experience a significant increase in daily steps taken per day, as well as statistically and clinically significantly lower scores on the depression symptom and PTSD symptom severity. Participants in the HERO group also demonstrated significantly higher scores on the physical functioning inventory than participants in the UC group (44.1 ± 12.1 vs. 35.7 ± 10.7, P = 0.04) at 16 weeks post treatment. Conclusions Findings of this small trial have important implications pending replication in a more rigorously designed large-scale study. Providing an adjunctive treatment to MOVE! that addresses psychological distress has potential benefits for psychological symptom reduction, engagement in healthy dietary habits, and greater physical activity for individuals who traditionally experience barriers to making positive weight management changes.

scholarly journals The effects of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on cognitive function: a randomized controlled trial

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon D Kyle ◽  
Madeleine E D Hurry ◽  
Richard Emsley ◽  
Antonia Marsden ◽  
Ximena Omlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Study Objectives We sought to examine the impact of digital cognitive behavioral therapy (dCBT) for insomnia on both self-reported cognitive impairment and objective cognitive performance. Methods The Defining the Impact of Sleep improvement on Cognitive Outcomes (DISCO) trial was an online, two-arm, single-blind, randomized clinical trial of dCBT versus wait-list control. Participants were aged 25 years and older, met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder, and reported difficulties with concentration or memory. Assessments were carried out online at baseline, and 10 and 24 weeks post-randomization. The primary outcome measure was self-reported cognitive impairment, assessed with the British Columbia Cognitive Complaints Inventory (BC-CCI). Secondary outcomes included tests of cognitive performance, insomnia symptoms, cognitive failures, fatigue, sleepiness, depression, and anxiety. Results Four hundred and ten participants with insomnia were recruited and assigned to dCBT (N = 205) or wait-list control (N = 205). At 10 weeks post-randomization the estimated adjusted mean difference for the BC-CCI was −3.03 (95% CI: −3.60, −2.47; p < 0.0001, d = −0.86), indicating that participants in the dCBT group reported less cognitive impairment than the control group. These effects were maintained at 24 weeks (d = −0.96) and were mediated, in part, via reductions in insomnia severity and increased sleep efficiency. Treatment effects in favor of dCBT, at both 10 and 24 weeks, were found for insomnia severity, sleep efficiency, cognitive failures, fatigue, sleepiness, depression, and anxiety. We found no between-group differences in objective tests of cognitive performance. Conclusions Our study shows that dCBT robustly decreases self-reported cognitive impairment at post-treatment and these effects are maintained at 6 months.

Oncology fellows’ knowledge and current practice regarding outpatient oncology and palliative care.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10527-10527
Author(s):  
Amy Johnson ◽  
Erin V. Newton ◽  
Lyle Fettig ◽  
Amber Comer
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Best Supportive Care ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Survey Report ◽  
Strongly Agree

10527 Background: Patients with advanced cancers often suffer from a number of symptoms and need guidance when discussing treatment goals as their diseases’ progress. Palliative care competencies include the assessment and management of both physical and psychological symptoms, as well as, the conduct of goals of care conversations and advanced care planning. Palliative medicine is subspecialty that specially addresses these needs in patients with advanced cancers, but is not universally available. Oncology fellowship training must include these competencies and there is little evidence regarding the palliative care educational experiences of oncology fellows. This study examines fellows’ experiences with palliative care education and fellows’ attitudes about concurrent palliative care in the outpatient setting. Methods: An electronic nationwide survey of medical oncology fellows was conducted in the second half of the academic year in 2018. Results: 43 of 191, 22.5%, of oncology fellows contacted at 17 institutions responded. 96% of fellows indicated they would strongly agree or agree with having a Palliative Care team in their future outpatient clinics. 93% of fellows agree or strongly agree with being comfortable managing cancer related pain, but only half agree or strongly agree with being comfortable managing depression and anxiety. 91% agree or strongly agree they are comfortable with discussions about transitions to best supportive care, while only 31% of fellows always or often assist patients in completing advance care documents. 70% of fellows are always, often, or sometimes receiving feedback on their communication and symptom management skills. Conclusions: Oncology fellows fell comfortable with some aspects of palliative care more than others. Fellows in this survey report feeling comfortable with goals of care conversations and pain management, but are not as comfortable managing other symptoms like depression and anxiety. Respondents are not universally assisting patients in advanced care documentation and only two-thirds of responding fellows are receiving frequent feedback on their communication and symptom skills. There is a consensus among responding fellows about a desire to have palliative care embedded in their future clinics.

Relationship between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Landreville ◽  
Philippe Voyer ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Problems ◽  
Delirium Superimposed On Dementia

ABSTRACTBackground: Persons with dementia frequently present behavioral and psychological symptoms as well as delirium. However, the association between these has received little attention from researchers and current knowledge in this area is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia (BSD).Methods: Participants were 155 persons with a diagnosis of dementia, 109 (70.3%) of whom were found delirious according to the Confusion Assessment Method. BSD were assessed using the Nursing Home Behavior Problem Scale.Results: Participants with delirium presented significantly more BSD than participants without delirium. More specifically, they presented more wandering/trying to leave, sleep problems, and irrational behavior after controlling for cognitive problems and use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines. Most relationships between participant characteristics and BSD did not differ according to the presence or absence of delirium, but some variables, notably sleep problems, were more strongly associated to BSD in persons with delirium.Conclusions: Although correlates of BSD in persons with delirium superimposed on dementia are generally similar to those in persons with dementia alone, delirium is associated with a higher level of BSD. Results of this study have practical implications for the detection of delirium superimposed on dementia, the management of behavioral disturbances in patients with delirium, and caregiver burden.

scholarly journals Psychological Wellbeing in Adolescents with Leukaemia: A Comparative Study with Typical Development Peers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Tremolada ◽  
Livia Taverna ◽  
Ilaria Tamara Chiavetta ◽  
Sabrina Bonichini ◽  
Maria Caterina Putti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cognitive Problems

There is still little research on psychological wellbeing, life satisfaction and reported problems in preadolescents and adolescents under therapy for leukaemia, and also little research comparing them with their healthy peers. The present study aims to analyse the life satisfaction, hope, psychological wellbeing and reported problems’ intensity in patients aged 8-18 during the first year of therapy, to identify those more at risk and to compare their reports with matched healthy peers. After the parental written consent signature, a battery of self-reported questionnaires was administered during hospitalisation or day hospital admissions post 6 months and post 12 months from the diagnosis. Younger patients (aged 8–13 years) were more at risk than older ones in their problems’ intensity and psychological symptoms; females and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia patients reported lower current life satisfaction perceptions; hope was associated with lower depression symptoms and mood problems. Healthy peers have a better perception of current life, but reported a lower hope score, more anxiety symptoms and more cognitive problems than patients. The first 6 months were more critical for patients’ psychological health. The clinical aim was to identify the patients more at risk in order to prepare ad hoc psychological interventions.

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