scholarly journals A comparative approach on the impact of diet and physical activity on young people between 19 and 26 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Mihai CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
Elena VIZITIU
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. In the literature, nutrition is considered to be the basis for the energy supply in all the forms of physical activity. Energy needs depend on gender, age, body weight and possibly the type of the physical activity. Inadequate energy intake can lead to weight loss, fatigue, lack of concentration and no athletic performance. The constant physical activity involves the consumption of carbohydrates, useful for the formation and storage of muscle glycogen. The development of healthy eating and physical activity behaviors in childhood and adolescence are very important for adult life. That is why an early intervention can lead to healthy behaviors and it can prevent the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how important a controlled diet is correlated with regular physical activity, in the normal development of young people aged between 19 and 26 years. Conclusions. The attitude is the one that should lead to a food program with a balanced diet that ensures good health, without increasing the percentage of fat, and to cause a weight loss for the young people who want to lose weight. Keywords: impact, diet, physical activity, young people,

scholarly journals Associations of Nutritional Behavior and Gut Microbiota with the Risk of COVID-19 in Healthy Young Adults in Poland

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Paweł Jagielski ◽  
Edyta Łuszczki ◽  
Dominika Wnęk ◽  
Agnieszka Micek ◽  
Izabela Bolesławska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Balanced Diet

The numerous consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in healthy young people and the lack of clarity as to the long-term disease outcomes have spurred the search for risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to evaluate the associations of nutritional behaviors, gut microbiota, and physical activity with the risk of COVID-19 in healthy young nonobese people. Data on body composition, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, dietary intake, and gut microbiota were obtained from 95 adults (mean age, 34.66 ± 5.76 years). A balanced diet rich in vegetables and fruit, including nuts, wholegrain cereal products, and legumes, covers the need for vitamins and minerals. Such a diet can be an effective measure to reduce the risk of COVID-19 in nonobese healthy physically active young people with normal immune function. People with balanced diet and an average daily consumption of >500 g of vegetables and fruit and >10 g of nuts had an 86% lower risk of COVID-19 compared with those whose diet was not balanced and who consumed lower amounts of these products. It is well documented that proper nutrition, physical activity, and maintenance of normal weight facilitate good health by ensuring optimal immune function. The beneficial effects of these interventions should be strongly emphasized during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The impact of systematized physical activity on parameters of health-related physical fitness in schoolchildren aged 8 to 11 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Marcelo José Resende Gonçalves ◽  
Camila Ramos Santos ◽  
Carla Cristiane Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
The Impact

It is recommended that proper incorporation of healthy habits of physical activity in childhood and adolescence has a positive impact on a physically active lifestyle in adult life. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the effects of four weeks of systematized physical activity in addition to the classes of Physical Education on parameters of physical fitness related to health of children and adolescents. The sample was selected by convenience and composed of 73 children and adolescents aged 8-11 years. The subjects were subdivided into 2 groups; one group of children exclusively attending Physical Education classes (PEC); and another group that performed Systematized Physical Activity (SPA). The following tests were applied; the abdominal test to assess strength and muscle resistance; the Paccer to verify cardiorespiratory fitness; and the adapted sit-and-reach to evaluate flexibility. In addition, the Body Mass Index (BMI) and relative fat (%F) were assessed. Sample characterization data and motor tests are presented as median and interquartile range. The ANOVA test of repeated measurements was used to verify the effect of the moments. The results pre training did not demonstrate differences between groups in measures of body mass, stature, BMI, or motor tests. The effects of physical training were observed in all motor tests in favor of the SPA, while the PEC did not demonstrate significant differences between moments. In conclusion, four weeks of additional systematized physical activity promoted a significant positive effect in motor tests applied with a focus on heath.

Forms of physical activity of the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Piotr Czarnecki ◽  
◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Lidia Perenc ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Physical activity is known to be an important factor influencing health throughout human life. This issue has become crucial for public health due to the aging of the population in both developed and developing countries. Aim. is to present a literature review on the forms of physical activity undertaken by the elderly, as well as on issues related to physical activity and the population aging. Material and methods. The study was prepared on the basis of a review of Polish and foreign literature. The following databases and data sources were used: EBSCO, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. An additional source of data were the websites of the Central Statistical Office. Strictly defined key phrases were used during the collection of literature. The work has been divided into thematic subsections on the aging of the society, the impact of physical activity on health and the main topic, i.e. forms of physical activity selected by the elderly. Analysis of the literature. The number of elderly people in Polish society has increased by almost 3.7 million over three decades. Therefore, an important topic is prophylaxis aimed at increasing the number of days in good health, largely covering the broadly understood activation of the elderly. The available data indicate that only 12% of elderly people undertake physical activity once a week. The most common form of spending free time actively is walking (as many as 73% of people in this population declare this form of physical activity in one of the presented studies). Conclusion. Organized forms of physical activity are undertaken much less frequently by the analyzed age group mainly due to financial limitations and limited availability of sports infrastructure.

Fad Diets: Dietary Dilemmas, Predicaments, and Recommendations for its Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1380
Author(s):  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Prasad Rasane ◽  
Vidisha Tomer ◽  
Sawinder Kaur ◽  
Yogesh Gat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extra Weight

The health issues, mainly overweight and obesity are the growing concerns nowadays due to the associated factors and lifestyle changes which significantly have increased the individual’s health care expenditures. Fad diets are promoted as the easiest and simplest way of shedding the extra weight despite the availability of several treatments available. The prevention and treatment measures, including modification in lifestyle, dietary pattern, and physical activity, are the foundation of weight loss. However, the standard treatment measures are not effective for certain populations as they require long time adherence, which leads to the search for other approaches like fad diet. We steered a comprehensive literature review to present the facts related to fad diets to their efficacy and sustainability. Although fad diets have yielded tremendous positive results in weight loss and cardiovascular risk prevention, the studies reported death in long-term interventions and the results and some of them show side effects too. Randomized controlled trials have significantly reported weight loss in comparison with the popular fad diets; however, persisting on the same diet has also reported kidney problems, ketosis, and other metabolic related problems. The conclusion of this critical review reported that gradual weight loss could be attained by the combination of lifestyle modifications, physical activity, and recommended dietary approaches.

Abstract P303: Association of Overweight/Obesity and Self Reported Health Status in Hispanics: A Comparison with Non Hispanic Whites

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Ingram ◽  
Maria Canossa-Terris ◽  
Mary Comerford ◽  
Paul Kurlansky
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Heart Research ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Perception Of Health ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The growing global prevalence of obesity is recognized as an important risk for cardiovascular disease. Understanding self perception of weight as it pertains to health is critical to the success of weight reduction programs. The impact of ethnicity on this association has not been examined. Methods The sample included 927 Hispanic (H) and 72 Non-Hispanics white (NHW) adults who received free cardiovascular screening from Florida Heart Research Institute. Overweight and obesity were measured by Body Mass Index. Self-perceived health status was characterized as excellent, very good, good, fair or poor health. Logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors for perceived fair-poor health, as well as for excellent, very good health. Odds ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated. Results Both H and NHW overweight/obese subjects tended to view their health as good, very good or excellent: H (overweight 81.1%/obese 73%) and NHW (89.3%/66.7%). Logistic regression revealed the following independent correlates of self-perceived very good or excellent health: NHW (OR 3.618, CI 2.126, 6.157, p<0.001) and exercise (OR 1.640;CI 1.186, 2.268; p=0.003). Hypertension (OR 0.392; CI 0.246, 0.625; p<0.001), overweight (OR 0.551, CI0.386, 0.785, p=0.001) and obesity (OR 0.431, CI 0.288, 0.644; p<0.001) were all negatively associated with very good/excellent status. Conclusions Although it is not surprising that participation in regular exercise is associated with a better self-perception of health status, or that hypertension and obesity is correlated with a worse self-assessed health status, there are two striking findings that emerge from this data: 1. The vast majority of both H and NHW subjects do not perceive either overweight or obesity to be a major health problem. 2. Hispanics have a significantly worse self-perception of health status even after controlling for associated factors.This information provides a critical foundation for overcoming fundamental barriers to effective patient education_a critical first step in addressing the current epidemic of obesity in ethnically diverse populations.

scholarly journals Body mass index status and peripheral airway obstruction in school-age children: a population-based cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Ekström ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Inger Kull ◽  
Jennifer L P Protudjer ◽  
Per Thunqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundFew large prospective studies have investigated the impact of body mass index (BMI) on lung function during childhood.MethodsUsing data collected between 2002 and 2013, we analysed associations between BMI status and lung function (assessed by spirometry) from 8 to 16 years, as well as cross-sectional associations with small airway function (impulse oscillometry) at 16 years in the BAMSE cohort (n=2889). At 16 years, cross-sectional associations with local and systemic inflammation were investigated by analysing FENO, blood eosinophils and neutrophils.ResultsOverweight and obesity at 8 years were associated with higher FVC, but lower FEV1/FVC ratio at 8 and 16 years. In boys, but not girls, obesity at 8 years was associated with a further reduction in FEV1/FVC between 8 and 16 years. In cross-sectional analyses, overweight and obesity were associated with higher frequency dependence of resistance (R5–20) and larger area under the reactance curve (AX0.5) at 16 years. Increased blood neutrophil counts were seen in overweight and obese girls, but not in boys. No association was found between BMI status and FENO. Persistent, but not transient, overweight/obesity between 8 and 16 years was associated with higher R5–20 and AX0.5 and lower FEV1/FVC (−2.8% (95% CI −4.1 to −1.2) in girls and −2.7% (95% CI −4.4 to −1.1) in boys) at 16 years, compared with persistent normal weight.ConclusionIn childhood and adolescence, overweight and obesity, particularly persistent overweight, were associated with evidence of airway obstruction, including the small airways.

The Effects of Limited Work Opportunities on Transitions to Adulthood among Young Refugees in Uganda and Jordan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Shand ◽  
Lorraine van Blerk ◽  
Laura Prazeres ◽  
Badru Bukenya ◽  
Rawan Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
The Social ◽  
Displaced Children ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Young people constitute more than half of global refugee populations, yet there is limited research into the impact of displacement on transitions into adult life. With the average period of protracted displacement extending beyond 20 years, insight is needed into how the experience of being a refugee shapes the expectations and lives of young people. This article examines the effects of weak and restricted labour markets on the transitions of young refugees into adulthood. Drawing from research undertaken with displaced children and youth in Uganda and Jordan, the article explores how a lack of work opportunities affects individual ability to achieve financial independence and, more widely, to obtain the social recognition associated with adulthood. The research finds how a dependence on precarious work and the effects of legal restrictions on employment curtail transitions to adulthood, highlighting the importance of national and humanitarian policy support to help young refugees establish stable livelihoods.

scholarly journals Bone Health and Its Relationship with Impact Loading and the Continuity of Physical Activity throughout School Periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gotzone Hervás ◽  
Fatima Ruiz-Litago ◽  
Jon Irazusta ◽  
Amaia Irazusta ◽  
Begoña Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Bone is influenced by physical activity (PA) throughout life, but childhood and adolescence provide a key opportunity to maximize peak bone mass. Thus, it is important to identify the relationship between PA practiced in childhood and young adulthood to design a promotion plan for bone health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between different impact-loading PAs (and their continuity throughout school periods from childhood to young adulthood) and bone stiffness index (SI). In this cross-sectional study, which was conducted on 145 university students aged 18–21 years, bone measurements were measured by quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS), and PA information was recalled using a self-administered questionnaire. Associations between the SI and the impact of PA performed during secondary school (p = 0.027), high school (p = 0.002), and university (p = 0.016) periods were observed. The continuity of PA over a longer period of time was related to a higher SI (p = 0.007). Those who practiced PA throughout all school periods had a higher SI than those who practiced during primary school only (p = 0.038) or through primary and secondary schools (p = 0.009). These results suggest that impact-loading PA practiced during different school periods is related to higher values of the SI. Therefore, continuous PA from an early age may be an important contributing factor to achieving and maintaining adequate bone health.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Supportive Psychotherapy in Weight Loss in a Group of Young Overweight and Obese Women

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Juchacz ◽  
Patrycja Kłos ◽  
Violetta Dziedziejko ◽  
Rafał W. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy ◽  
Diet Plan ◽  
Sustained Effect ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loss Effect

Overweight and obesity are among the most widespread health problems worldwide. The primary cause of obesity is an inability to control overeating. Therefore, today, obesity needs to be treated more as an eating disorder, i.e., a mental disorder, and thus, it should be approached as such. Taking the above together, this study aimed to assess the impact of supportive psychotherapy on reducing body weight in young overweight and obese women who attempted slimming therapy and, additionally, the possibility of maintaining the weight-loss effect in the long term. Sixty young women aged 20–30 were randomized into three groups that differed in therapeutic management. With the help of an individually selected diet plan, the highest effectiveness in weight loss was demonstrated in people whose weight reduction was supported by goal-oriented psychotherapy. In this group, a sustained effect of slimming and even further weight loss were observed six months following the discontinuation of the therapy. In conclusion, traditional slimming therapies using an individual diet plan and a dietitian’s care are effective; however, supportive psychotherapeutic work provides more beneficial results and maintains the change from a long-term perspective.

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