Associations of Nutritional Behavior and Gut Microbiota with the Risk of COVID-19 in Healthy Young Adults in Poland

The numerous consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in healthy young people and the lack of clarity as to the long-term disease outcomes have spurred the search for risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to evaluate the associations of nutritional behaviors, gut microbiota, and physical activity with the risk of COVID-19 in healthy young nonobese people. Data on body composition, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, dietary intake, and gut microbiota were obtained from 95 adults (mean age, 34.66 ± 5.76 years). A balanced diet rich in vegetables and fruit, including nuts, wholegrain cereal products, and legumes, covers the need for vitamins and minerals. Such a diet can be an effective measure to reduce the risk of COVID-19 in nonobese healthy physically active young people with normal immune function. People with balanced diet and an average daily consumption of >500 g of vegetables and fruit and >10 g of nuts had an 86% lower risk of COVID-19 compared with those whose diet was not balanced and who consumed lower amounts of these products. It is well documented that proper nutrition, physical activity, and maintenance of normal weight facilitate good health by ensuring optimal immune function. The beneficial effects of these interventions should be strongly emphasized during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Download Full-text

A comparative approach on the impact of diet and physical activity on young people between 19 and 26 years

Balneo and PRM Research Journal ◽

10.12680/balneo.2021.447 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 265-269

Author(s):

Mihai CONSTANTINESCU ◽

Elena VIZITIU

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Young People ◽

Adult Life ◽

Good Health ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

The Impact

Introduction. In the literature, nutrition is considered to be the basis for the energy supply in all the forms of physical activity. Energy needs depend on gender, age, body weight and possibly the type of the physical activity. Inadequate energy intake can lead to weight loss, fatigue, lack of concentration and no athletic performance. The constant physical activity involves the consumption of carbohydrates, useful for the formation and storage of muscle glycogen. The development of healthy eating and physical activity behaviors in childhood and adolescence are very important for adult life. That is why an early intervention can lead to healthy behaviors and it can prevent the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how important a controlled diet is correlated with regular physical activity, in the normal development of young people aged between 19 and 26 years. Conclusions. The attitude is the one that should lead to a food program with a balanced diet that ensures good health, without increasing the percentage of fat, and to cause a weight loss for the young people who want to lose weight. Keywords: impact, diet, physical activity, young people,

Download Full-text

Actions to prevent obesity and promote good health in adolescents enrolled in a rural Mexican High School.

Mexican Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.29057/mjmr.v8i16.4933 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (16) ◽

pp. 13-26

Author(s):

Azucena Eunice Jiménez Corona ◽

Gilberto Hernandez Hernandez ◽

Luis Rey Martínez Santos ◽

Cinthia Yarely De la Cruz Hernandez

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Good Health ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Degenerative Diseases ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Aerobic Activity ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Arm Circumference

Currently the investigation carried out in the physiology of exercise has produced new discoveries about the effect of physical activity, related to reversing the swelling process produced by overweight and obesity in the body, as well as, a balanced diet. Objective: Develop a nutritional and aerobic activity proposal in order to prevent and / or reverse the condition of overweight and obesity that occurs in adolescents enrolled in the Autonomous University of Hidalgo State - High School Huejutla campus. Methodology: Somatometric data was engaged in the population study which are included: Size, BMI, Waist Circumference, Arm Circumference. Subsequently, they were categorized according to the nutritional status of each individual and the proposal for a high diet in antioxidants. It was established with the purpose to reduce the level of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation to prevent future metabolic complications. Results: According to the categorization of adolescents with respect to the body mass index in percentiles, 6.6% (6) are underweight, 71.71 % (71) normal weight, 18.18 % (18) overweight, 4.4 % (4) in obesity. Conclusion: In the present study, several nutritional diets were developed, as well as an aerobic exercise plan to prevent and maintain the good development of adolescents enrolled in the ESH High school. It also emphasizes that prevention and good health of the entire population is very important, since today in Mexico and the world the main chronic degenerative diseases are caused by overweight and obesity.

Download Full-text

Diferencias de género en relación con el Índice de Masa Corporal, calidad de la dieta y actividades sedentarias en niños de 10 a 12 años (Differences between gender in relation with Body Mass Index, diet quality and sedentary activities on children from )

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i31.49393 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 176-180

Author(s):

Cristina Pinel Martínez ◽

Ramón Chacón Cuberos ◽

Manuel Castro Sánchez ◽

Tamara Espejo Garcés ◽

Félix Zurita Ortega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Unbalanced Diet ◽

Almost All ◽

Sobre Todo ◽

Sedentary Activities

La obesidad y el sobrepeso se están convirtiendo en uno de los trastornos más importantes que se dan sobre todo en los países desarrollados. Existen varios factores que pueden influir en el aumento del IMC en niños con edad escolar ligados al desarrollo de la sociedad actual, como son la disminución de actividad física, una dieta desequilibrada o un aumento en actividades sedentarias. Este estudio se realizó sobre 315 escolares con edad entre 10 y 12 años y pertenecientes a la ciudad de Granada. Se pretende analizar y relacionar el género con los parámetros de obesidad, actividades sedentarias y físicas y la calidad de la dieta. Los resultados arrojaron que la mayoría de alumnado perteneciente a primaria se encuentra dentro del normopeso y tienen una dieta óptima sin haber significación respecto al género.Los varones solían pasar más horas realizando actividades sedentarias que las niñas. Sin embargo los chicos suelen realizar más actividad física que las chicas. Como conclusión, se demuestra la necesidad de realizar intervenciones para motivar a la realización de deporte, sobre todo en el sector femenino además de concienciar a los jóvenes de las consecuencias del sedentarismo y la obesidad. Abstract. Obesity and overweight are becoming one of the most important disorders existing on developed countries. There are various causes which influence children IMC increase such as physical activity decrease, an unbalanced diet, or sedentary activity rising. To gather information, 315 students belonging to Granada´s city from 10 to 12 years old have been used. It is intended to describe and relate gender with obesity, sedentary and physical activities and diet quality. Results showed that almost all primary education students were in a normal weight and had a balanced diet. Boys used to spend more time on sedentary activities but they also spend more time on physical activities than girls. The findings bright to light the need of realizing interventions to motivate girls to increase their physical activity participation, and to educate young on the health consequences of sedentary and obesity.

Download Full-text

Perceptions of the Built Environment in Relation to Physical Activity and Weight Status in British Adolescents from Central England

ISRN Obesity ◽

10.5402/2012/903846 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael J. Duncan ◽

Samantha Birch ◽

Lorayne Woodfield ◽

Yahya Al-Nakeeb

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young People ◽

Built Environment ◽

Weight Status ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Self Report ◽

Environmental Perceptions ◽

Obese Children ◽

Health Indices ◽

Unit Increase

The built environment may influence physical activity (PA) behaviour in young people. However, there is a dearth of data examining this issue in young people which considers weight status, physical activity, and environmental perceptions in the same analysis. Four hundred and five Year 10 pupils (223 boys, 182 girls, mean age years), from central England, completed self-report measures of PA and perceptions of the built environment. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) was determined from height and weight. PA (MET/Min week−1) was positively related to environmental perceptions () and negatively related to BMI (). PA was significantly greater in boys () and normal weight children compared to girls and overweight/obese children, respectively (). Perception of the built environment was significant as a covariate () with a one-unit increase on this measure associated with a 141 MET/Min week−1 increase in PA. This study, therefore, supports claims that the built environment, and perceptions of it, can have an impact on health indices.

Download Full-text

Physical activity, immunity and infection

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665110001795 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 390-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

J. Romeo ◽

J. Wärnberg ◽

T. Pozo ◽

A. Marcos

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Immune Function ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Good Health ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Individual Factor ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Levels

During the last few decades, scientific evidence has confirmed a wide range of health benefits related to regular physical activity. How physical activity affects the immune function and infection risk is, however, still under debate. Commonly, intensive exercise suppresses the activity and levels of several immune cells, while other immune functions may be stimulated by moderate physical activity. With this knowledge, the understanding of the relationship between different levels of physical activity on the immune function has been raised as a potential tool to protect health not only in athletes but also in the general population; the mechanisms that translate a physically active lifestyle into good health continue to be investigated. Reviewing the literature, although several outcomes (i.e. the mechanisms by which different levels and duration of physical activity programmes affect numerous cell types and responses) remain unclear, given that the additional benefits encompass healthy habits including exercise, the use of physical activity programmes may result in improved health of elderly populations. Moderate physical activity or moderate–regulated training may enhance the immune function mainly in less fit subjects or sedentary population and the pre-event fitness status also seems to be an important individual factor regarding this relationship. Although adequate nutrition and regular physical activity habits may synergistically improve health, clinical trials in athletes using nutritional supplements to counteract the immune suppression have been inconclusive so far.Further research is necessary to find out to what extent physical activity training can exert an effect on the immune function.

Download Full-text

Gut microbiota characterisation in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2017.0152 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 367-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

G. Campisciano ◽

S. Palmisano ◽

C. Cason ◽

M. Giuricin ◽

M. Silvestri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Good Health ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Before And After

Intestinal microbiota analysis of obese patients after bariatric surgery showed that Proteobacteria decreased after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG), while it increased after laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB). Comparing to normal weight (NW) patients, obese patients that were selected for SG showed an almost equal amount of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the ratio was not affected by the surgery. Obese patients before LGB showed a predominance of Bacteroidetes, whose amount regained a relative abundance similar to NW patients after surgery. Obese patients before LGB showed the predominance of Bacteroides, which decreased after surgery in favour of Prevotella, a bacterium associated with a healthy diet. The bacteria detected at the highest percentages belonged to biofilm forming species. In conclusion, in this study, we found that the characterization of the gut microbial communities and the modality of mucosal colonisation have a central role as markers for the clinical management of obesity and promote the maintenance of good health and the weight loss.

Download Full-text

Edukacyjna rola szkoły i nauczyciela wychowania fizycznego w kształtowaniu aktywności fizycznej młodzieŜy

Studia Edukacyjne ◽

10.14746/se.2016.42.18 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 289-308

Author(s):

Agnieszka Wartecka-Ważyńska Agnieszka Wartecka-Ważyńska

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young People ◽

Computer Games ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Basic Research ◽

Good Health ◽

Physical Education Teachers ◽

Physically Active

Physical activity is an important element in psychophysical development of any human, including children and young people. Rational and regular participation in vigorous physical activity contributes to improvement and maintaining good health status. It also affects mood of a person and determinesthe quality of his or her life. The aim of the paper is to determine the role of school in the context of the factors that stimulate physical activity among young people at the age of 16 to 20 years. The paper has a literature-based and empirical character. The basic research methodologies adopted in the study included analysis of subject literature, diagnostic survey using questionnaire technique, and a statistical method. The questionnaire survey was carried out in 2012-2013 in secondary schools in the region of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland in a group of 850 students. The study demonstrated that young people are physically active and participate in different forms of sport and recreation. However, one third of the young people studied spend their leisure time in a passive manner. They are not involved in any physical activity and spend their leisure time playing computer games, watching the TV, socializing, reading books and magazines and listening to the music. It should be noted that, in this context, the role of physical education teachers and school is critical.

Download Full-text

Physical Activity and Oxidative Stress - A Potential Role of L- Carnitine as an Antioxidant: A Review

Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities ◽

10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3925 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (S1-Feb) ◽

pp. 12-18

Author(s):

Jyothsna Karanth ◽

Dakshayini C

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Muscle Damage ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Good Health ◽

Chronic Fatigue ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Exercise Induced

Regular physical activity, along with a balanced diet, formsan important factor for the maintenance of good health. However, strenuousexerciseincreases the production of free radicals (FR) and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), leads to toxicity, resulting in chronic fatigue, injuries. The overproduction of RONS is involved in muscular fatigue, many diseases, and aging. However, FRs are essential for the functioning of the immune system and certain metabolic functions.The increase in oxidants compared to antioxidant leads to oxidative stress. Nowadays, antioxidants are supplemented to reduce muscle damage incurred during exercise, which has drawn the attention of the athletic population. L- Carnitine being ergogenic, acts as an antioxidant during recovery from exercise, thereby attenuate oxidative stress, which may then decrease exercise-induced muscle damage. Despite increasing research on antioxidant properties for carnitine in several pathologies such as diabetes, hypertension, renal, neurodegenerative conditions, and liver disease, less has been documented on it against oxidative stress induced by exercise. This review may help researchers who are interested in athletic performance enhancement and sports nutrition.

Download Full-text