scholarly journals Identification, confirmation and quantification of sulfonamides in kidney and meat of food-producing animals by HPLC-PDA

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
A. Ε. TIRPENOU ◽  
A. D. TSIGOURI (Α. Δ. ΤΣΙΓΟΥΡΗ) ◽  
E. H. GOUTA (E.H. ΓΟΥΤΑ)
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Sulfa Drug ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Drug Determination ◽  
Meat Samples

Residue monitoring in animal husbandry and in food of animal origin is based on the implementation of a Surveillance Scheme, according to the legislation (Directive 86/469/EEC1, N. D. 497/89% Regulation (EEC) 2377/903, Directive 96/23/EU4). Among our obligations as a European Union National Reference Laboratory (EU-NRL), we have to develope screening and confirmatory methods. Towards the development and validation of these confirmatory techniques, als for the group of antimicrobials, a method has been developed for sulfa drug determination. These substances are used extensively in livestock for therapeutic as well as for growth promotin purposes. Diserens et al., 19915 method with our modifications, is used in our laboratory to confirm the Four Plate Test6 suspect kidney and meat samples sent from the Regional Field Laboratories (RFLs) of the Ministry of Agriculture. The method's steps are: extraction, concentration and quantitative elution of sulfa drugs using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and their identification, confirmation and quantitation by HPLC/UV with a Photo Diode Array detector. The column used was Hypersil ODS, 5 μιη (250 x 4.6 mm) and the mobile phase was 0.01 M ammonium acetate buffer pH 4.6/MeOH at a gradient mode. The wavelength was monitored at 266 nm, the flow rate of the mobile phase was l.lmL.min ' and the injection volume was 20 μL. 12 sulfonamides can be simultaneously detected in one run at concentrations as low as 20 μg/kg. The recovery ranges from 60 to 88% for spiked samples at the Maximum Residue Limit of 100 μg/kg.

scholarly journals Citrobacter braakii Yield False-Positive Identification as Salmonella, a Note of Caution

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2177
Author(s):  
Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak ◽  
Karolina Wódz ◽  
Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda ◽  
Tomasz Nowak ◽  
Janusz Bogdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
False Positive Identification ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Meat Samples

Background: Globally, Salmonella enterica is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness in humans. Food of animal origin is obligatorily tested for the presence of this pathogen. Unfortunately, in meat and meat products, this is often hampered by the presence of background microbiota, which may present as false-positive Salmonella. Methods: For the identification of Salmonella spp. from meat samples of beef, pork, and poultry, the authorized detection method is PN-EN ISO 6579-1:2017-04 with the White–Kauffmann–Le Minor scheme, two biochemical tests: API 20E and VITEK II, and a real-time PCR-based technique. Results: Out of 42 presumptive strains of Salmonella, 83.3% Salmonella enterica spp. enterica, 14.3% Citrobacter braakii, and 12.4% Proteus mirabilis were detected from 180 meat samples. Conclusions: Presumptive strains of Salmonella should be identified based on genotypic properties such as DNA-based methods. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from miscellaneous meat sorts: beef, pork, and poultry.

scholarly journals Deteksi Kejadian Residu Tetrasiklin pada Daging Ikan Nila di Kota Yogyakarta dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Wari Pawestri ◽  
Gagak Dhony Satria ◽  
Nisa Hakimah ◽  
Doddi Yudhabuntara
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Antibiotics Residues ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Tetracycline Residues

Food products of animal origin which are free from biological and chemical contamination are an absolute requirement of food safety. Antibiotics residues in the food of animal origin is one of the chemical contaminants in food are harmful/hazardous to human health. Tetracycline is an antibiotic that is often used in the fishing industry. The study aims to detect the occurrence of tetracycline residues in tilapia sold in traditional markets in Kota Yogyakarta. The research was conducted with detection test (detect disease). The study used 61 samples of tilapia fish from 16 traditional markets in Kota Yogyakarta. Tilapia meat samples are prepared according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). The existence of tetracycline residues in meat can be detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Residue analysis in fish meat was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Gadjah Mada University using HPLC Shimadzu version 6.1. The results showed that 24 samples of tilapia meat marketed in Kota Yogyakarta was positively contained tetracycline antibiotic residues. A total of 19 samples contained residues above maximum residue limits (MRL). The conclusion of the study is 31% of tilapia marketed in Kota Yogyakarta contains tetracycline residues above MRL. Surveillance of residues in food of animal origin and further research in terms of reducing antibiotic residue in tilapia meat is highly recommended to improve the quality and safety of food of animal origin.

High Level of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Estonia in 2005 and 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1940-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATI ROASTO ◽  
KADRIN JUHKAM ◽  
TERJE TAMME ◽  
ARI HÖRMAN ◽  
LIIDIA HÄKKINEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
National Veterinary Institute ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
High Level

The development of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli is a matter of increasing concern. Because campylobacteriosis is transmitted to humans usually via food of animal origin, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacters in broiler chickens has important public health implications. The aim of our study was to analyze resistance patterns of C. jejuni isolated from fecal samples collected at a large Estonian chicken farm, from cecal contents collected at slaughterhouses, and from meat samples collected at the retail establishments in 2005 and 2006. A total of 131 C. jejuni isolates were collected over a 13-month period and tested by the broth microdilution VetMIC method (National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden) to determine the MICs of various antimicrobials. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was detected in 104 (79.4%) of the 131 isolates. High proportions of the isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin (73.3%) and nalidixic acid (75.6%). Multidrug resistance (resistance to three or more unrelated antimicrobials) was detected in 36 isolates (27.5%), all of which were resistant to enrofloxacin. Multidrug resistance was significantly associated with enrofloxacin resistance (P < 0.01), and the use of enrofloxacin may select for multiresistant strains.

scholarly journals Pesticide Residues in Selected Food Commodities: Results from the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program 1995-1996

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
René K Juhler ◽  
Milter Green Lauridsen ◽  
Mette Rindom Christensen ◽  
Gudrun Hilbert
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Pesticide Monitoring ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Meat Samples

Abstract The paper presents results of analyses of 4182 samples collected from January 1995 to December 1996 for the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program. The program basis is a random sample control supplemented with a target control. The objectives of the control are to monitor consumer exposure to health hazards and to enforce national and European Community regulations. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration is responsible for establishing methods, data manipulation, and evaluation, but actual analyses are performed at 4 regional laboratories. In addition to a description of the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program on food, the effects of lowering the reporting limits are discussed. Pesticides included are those in current use as well as chlorinated pesticides like lindane, DDT, and HCB, occurring in food now primarily as a result of environmental contamination. Commodities analyzed are fruits, vegetables, cereals, bran, fish, and animal products such as meat, butter, cheese, fat, and eggs. In fruits and vegetables, residues were detected in 10% of 2515 samples, with higher incidences of detection for foreign commodities. Violation rate was 0.6%. In food of animal origin, low levels of organo- chlorine pesticides were detected in most fish samples and in more than half of the animal product samples. However, no results exceeding maximum residue limits were found. No residues of organo- phosphorus pesticides were detected in the 231 meat samples analyzed.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Plasmid Profiling of Some Isolates Obtained from Raw Meats Sold in Ibadan Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Folake Titilayo Afolabi ◽  
A.R. Arowosebe ◽  
S.M. Adeyemo
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Raw Meats

This study was carried out to monitor the prevalence rate of pathogenic isolates from fresh raw meats sold at butcher open shops in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. 16 samples of pork, goat, beef and chicken meats were obtained from four market locations and analyzed using standard microbiological techniques. The result of the microbiological examination of the meat samples shows the occurrence of 12 genera of bacteria out of the 161 isolates obtained: Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Proteus, Escherichia, Paracolons, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter. A total of 50 isolates were selected across the locations and tested against different antibiotics which include; ceftazidime, cefuroxime, gentamicin, ofloxacin, augmentin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim, out of which 58% of the isolates were most resistance to tetracycline, and 94% were most susceptible to gentamicin. Furthermore, 10 most antibiotic resistant isolates were selected across the four locations to check for their plasmid profiles, and four were found to contain plasmid of different sizes and numbers. These isolates were cured of their plasmids and subjected against the selected antibiotics. The isolates remained resistant to the antibiotics except for Shigella dysenteriae which becomes susceptible to the antibiotics it was formerly resistant to, showing that the gene(s) responsible for the resistance against the tested antibiotics is plasmid related. The findings of this study confirmed the presence of probable pathogenic organisms which are multidrug resistant microorganisms in raw meats sold in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. It significantly points to the great need to evaluate and monitor the occurrence rate of multidrug resistant organisms in livestock sold in Nigeria. There is also the need for proper and adequate cooking of food of animal origin prior consumption.

scholarly journals Salbutamol Residue in Plasma and Urine of Balinese Calves after Single-Dose Administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Yessy Anastasia ◽  
Hadri Latif ◽  
Lina Noviyanti Sutardi ◽  
Raphaella Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Single Dose Administration ◽  
Plasma And Urine Samples ◽  
Water Ph

Salbutamol, a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist, due to illegal use in animal feed, is very dangerous for the safety of animal origin products. The purpose of this study is to determine the residue of salbutamol in plasma and urine of balinese calf after a single-dose administration. Three calves were given of feed fortification of salbutamol (10 mg/kg body weight). The salbutamol concentrations were measured in the plasma and urine. Samples were extracted with perchloric acid and purified by cation exchange solid phase extraction (SPE), then analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a photodiode array detector using an RP C18 column with a mixed mobile phase of purified water pH 3.0 (adjusted with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile (90:10, v/v). The highest salbutamol concentration in the plasma sample was 0.28±0.15 μg/mL at 12 hours and decreased after 24 hours after feeding. The highest concentration of salbutamol in urine was 15.85±4.42 μg/mL at 18 hours and decreased gradually starting at 24 hours. This result concluded that salbutamol residues mostly excreted in the urine, and the highest salbutamol residues in plasma samples formed faster but also decreased more rapidly than residues formed in urine. The residue formed in plasma is lower than that in the urine.

scholarly journals Monitoring of dioxins and related toxic compounds in food of animal origin in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. VASSILIADOU (Ε. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΔΟΥ) ◽  
D. COSTOPOULOU (Δ. ΚΩΣΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) ◽  
L. LEONTIADIS (Λ. ΛΕΟΝΤΙΑΔΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Analysis Laboratory ◽  
Dioxin Contamination ◽  
The Eu

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and "dioxin-like" polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental pollutants belonging to the persistent organic pollutants (POPs). PCDDs and PCDFs have never been produced intentionally, but they are formed by incomplete combustion of organic material in the presence of chlorine, during industrial processes or intentional and unintentional burning of solid waste. PCBs have been produced industrially as mixtures and have been used in various applications, though their production has been banned since the 1970's. Their toxicity is mediated through the interaction with the aryl hydrocarbon (AH) receptor, causing severe health effects to humans after chronic exposure, which include developmental and immunological effects, carcinogenicity and chloracne. More than 90% of the daily human intake is due to food ingestion and especially, to the consumption of fat-containing animal food products, due to the lipophilic nature of these compounds. In order to control food contamination by these compounds, the European Union has set maximum limits for PCDD/Fs and PCBs in food products (EU Regulation 1881/2006/EC). The Mass Spectrometry and Dioxin Analysis Laboratory of "NCSR" Demokritos has been operating since 2002 and it performs analysis of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in food, feed, biological and environmental samples, applying international protocols of analysis (EPA 1613, EPA 1668), based on appropriate sample clean-up and determination by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), using the isotope dilution method, as specified by the EU Regulation 1883/2006/EC. The Laboratory has been accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025 by ESYD and it is the National Reference Laboratory of the European Commission for Greece and Cyprus. Here we present here a comprehensive report of the activities of the Mass Spectrometry and Dioxin Analysis Laboratory during its operation, concerning the monitoring of dioxins and similar toxic compounds in food of animal origin in Greece. Through collaboration with the official bureaus of food, environment and health control organizations of Greece, the Laboratory has conducted analysis in a large number of food and animal feed products sampled randomly in the Greek market. The results are well below the EU maximum levels and, in general, lower than those monitored in other European and Mediterranean countries. This has been attributed to the fact that Greece is not highly industrialized and has never produced PCBs and does not perform systematic waste incineration. On the other hand, samples have been collected and analysed from areas suspected for dioxin contamination, such as areas affected by accidental fires, landfills or exposed to industrial pollution. In some of these cases, unusually high levels of dioxin contamination in food samples of animal origin have been observed, in some cases above EU limits, and appropriate measures have been taken by Greek authorities to prevent their consumption and to restore normal dioxin levels.

scholarly journals Proficiency testing as a tool to assess quality of data: the experience of the EU Reference Laboratory for chemical elements in food of animal origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-390
Author(s):  
Angela Sorbo ◽  
Maria Ciprotti ◽  
Andrea Colabucci ◽  
Marilena D’Amato ◽  
Marco Di Gregorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Validity Of Results ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
The Eu

AbstractQuality and reliability of analytical results are, in general, key issues for all laboratories but become a top priority for laboratories accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005. In this international standard the proficiency testing (PT) is regarded as a means to assure the validity of results. Nowadays, the proved competence of laboratories is an essential requirement especially for that structures that are involved in the official controls aimed at ensuring the safety of EU food products and the public health. To guarantee the EU consumers, the Council and the Commission have designated 28 European Union Reference Laboratories (EURLs) for food and feed, whose main role is to contribute to the standardization of analytical methods and to the harmonization of performance among the EU National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) to reach a comparable level of quality in the analytical data among all Member States. With this aim, the organization of PTs is a task that each EURL has to accomplish. Over the last 15 years, the EURL for chemical elements in food of animal origin (EURL-CEFAO) have organized 32 PTs on determination of total As, Cd, Pb and total Hg in meat, milk, fish and offal for the benefit of its network of NRLs. Some specific aspects of this activity will be discussed (e.g. preparation and characterization of PT materials, statistical evaluation of data, follow-up actions). Finally, based on the EURL-CEFAO experience, it will be demonstrated that the participation into PTs on a regular basis can result in an improvement of the laboratory’s performance as well as in the harmonization of the results submitted by participants.

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