THE IMPURITY AND STRUCTURE OF WHEAT IN DEPENDENCE FROM PREDECESSORS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Тулькубаева ◽  
Saniya Tulkubaeva ◽  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Pair Number ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Annual Weeds

The purpose of research is to develop methods of increasing and stabilization of wheat production, providing improved phytosanitary condition of crops and crop structure in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. Experimental studies were conducted in Kostanai Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (Republic of Kazakhstan). In the experiment evaluated wheat predecessors in field crop rotations with different structure and set of crops (legumes, oilseeds). On average for the period 2009-2014 less clogged were the first crops of wheat after a couple more clogged – wheat crops for peas and oilseed rape. When sowing the first crop of wheat after the pair number of annual weeds during the growing season has increased by an average of 3.3 times, perennial – 1.5 times. In the case of wheat after pea content of annual weeds has increased 1.4 times, the amount of perennial weeds on average remained at the same level. When sowing wheat after oilseed rape on the period of harvesting the number of annual weeds on average increased by 1.6 times, the amount of perennial weeds decreased by 2.0 times. Thus, the level of infestation of crops the main grain of spring wheat culture in the beginning of the growing season was determined by how effective weed control in crops of previous crops, and at the end of the growing season, before the harvest, and still protect the system in the year of sowing. In terms of the productivity of the average for 2009-2014, research has proved better option sowing wheat crop after the first couple. When plant density of 195 pcs./m2 was formed 294 productive stems, ie, productive tillering was 1.5, with the number of grains per ear – 24.7 pc. and mass of 1000 seeds – 32.3 g. Good crop structure indicators wheat variations showed after peas and oilseed rape. Productive tillering in these cases was 1.4, the mass of 1000 seeds after the pea – 31.9 g, after oilseed rape – 32.0 g.

Lupin as a biological plough: evidence for, and effects on wheat growth and yield

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
CWL Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Plant Densities

The effects of the density of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Illyarrie) taproots on a following wheat crop (Tritium aestivum L. cv. Gutha) were investigated on a compacted, earthy sand soil near Geraldton, Western Australia. In 1985, plots were sown to lupins at densities ranging from 35 to 220 plants m-2. Because peak lupin biomass varied by less than 25%, and 100 kg N ha-1 of mineral fertiliser was supplied to the wheat, the effects of variation in residual N from the lupins were considered to be minimal. In 1986, all plots were split for shallow or deep tillage and wheat sown. There were no effects of tillage or lupin density on stored soil water at sowing. Growth and yield of wheat on the shallow tilled plots increased linearly with lupin plant density in the previous year, to equal or better wheat yields on the deep tilled plots, which were unaffected by lupin density. At normal farm lupin plant densities, the biological plough effect was estimated to improve wheat yields by 100 kg ha-1, substantially less than the benefits from nitrogen fixation and breaks in disease cycles. Nevertheless, it still suggests that lupin stand densities should be maintained or increased in crop rotations on compacted sands.

scholarly journals Potato protection system with preparations of the company “Agrorus & Co.”

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Grigoriy Leonidovich Belov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Zeyruk ◽  
Marina Konstantinovna Derevyagina ◽  
Svetlana Victorovna Vasilieva ◽  
Maxim Konstantinovich Danilenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Colorado Beetle ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Annual Weeds

The results of tests of the potato protection system with chemical preparations of the company “Agrorus & Co”  in the conditions of the Moscow region on Favorit and Sante varieties are presented. The results of the tests showed that the use of herbicides reduced the number of perennial weeds by 87,3% and annual weeds by 91,4 %. The prevalence of alternariasis on the date of the last accounting relative to the control (78,8%) decreased by 1,7 times, and the degree of development by 2,7 times, late blight – on the susceptible variety of the tops of Santa almost twice, and the degree of development by 3,4 times. The biological effectiveness against the Colorado beetle of preparations for pre-planting treatment was 96,9-100,0%, and for preparations during the growing season – 99,5-100,0%. The increase in gross and commercial yield on the Favorite variety was 56,3% and 58,2%, respectively, on the Santa variety – 31,4% and 32,8% compared to the control.

YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON PLANT DENSITY AND FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Polyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of research on the formation of corn yield for grain depending on the elements of cultivation technology in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The goal of the research was to identify the influence of plant density and fertilizer system on the yield of corn hybrids for grain. The research was conducted during 2017-2019 in the research field of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Bila Tserkva NAU). Research methods: field, calculation and statistical. Results. Regularities of growth, development and formation of yield by plants are revealed, both in concrete conditions of years of researches, and taking into account average long-term values taking into account features of hybrid-oriented technology. According to the results of the experiment it was recorded that the maximum yields for growing early-maturing maize hybrid DN PIVYHA with FAO 180 in general were obtained at a pre-harvest density of 75 thousand units/ha and the use of combined organo-mineral fertilizer system - 11.09 t/ha; medium-early maize hybrid DN ORLYK, FAO 280 in general in the experiment provided a grain yield of 9.60 t/ha, and in terms of 2017 - 7.86 t/ha, in 2018 - 11.22 t/ha and in 2019 - 9, 72 t/ha, but the medium-ripe hybrid of corn DN SARMAT, FAO 380 provided a grain yield of 10.81 t/ha, and in the context of 2017 - 9.31 t/ha, in 2018 - 11.68 t/ha and in 2019 - 11.44 t/ha. Significant influence on the formation of the yield of corn has a hybrid factor (27 %), fertilizer system determines the level of productivity by 21 % and interacts closely with the conditions of the growing season (factor BV 9 %), growing season conditions also determine the level of productivity of corn plants (19 %), and the pre-harvest density determines this feature by 18 %. Conclusions: In the conditions of the Right Bank part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine there is an increase in the level of productivity of maize hybrids from early to medium-ripe hybrids, regardless of the influence of other experimental factors.

Resource-saving Technologies and Some Proposals for the Creation of Automated Reclamation Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Z.G. Lamerdonov ◽  
T.Yu. Khashirova ◽  
S.A. Zhaboev ◽  
L.Zh. Nastueva ◽  
A.А. Shogenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Reclamation System

The results of experimental studies of the local subsurface irrigation method in comparison with drip irrigation carried out in the laboratory, which showed water savings due to a decrease in evaporation from the soil surface by 10–15 percent are presented. The method of irrigation in closed greenhouse farms using water with a high salt content is described. The paper proposes new patented schematic solutions for protecting plants from frost and pests, describes a multifunctional engineering and reclamation system capable of performing various operations depending on the emerging problems during the growing season.

Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) Management Options in Winter Wheat in Oklahoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad S. Trusler ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Amanda E. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

An experiment was conducted at three sites in central Oklahoma to compare the efficacy of Italian ryegrass management options in no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) winter wheat. The Italian ryegrass management options included selected herbicide treatments, wheat-for-hay, and a rotation consisting of double-crop soybean seeded immediately after wheat harvest, followed by early season soybean, and then by wheat. In continuous wheat, before application of glyphosate or tillage, Italian ryegrass plant densities in mid-September were 12,300 to 15,000 plants/m2in NT plots vs. 0 to 500 plants/m2in CT plots. When applied POST, diclofop controlled more Italian ryegrass than tralkoxydim or sulfosulfuron. In continuous wheat, yields were greater in CT plots than in NT plots at two of three sites. None of the Italian ryegrass management options consistently reduced Italian ryegrass density in the following wheat crop. Of the Italian ryegrass control strategies applied to continuous wheat, three herbicide treatments in NT at Chickasha and all treatments in NT at Perry reduced Italian ryegrass density in the following wheat crop. Italian ryegrass plant density in November and spike density were highly related to wheat yield at two and three sites, respectively. No management options were more profitable than rotation to soybean.

scholarly journals Weed infestation in the crop rotations depending on the cultivation technology in the Crimea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Zhenchenko ◽  
◽  
E.N. Turin ◽  
A.A. Gongalo ◽  
V.Yu. Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Trial Field ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Direct Sowing

The stationary experiment on the comparative study of the direct sowing and traditional cultivation technology was laid in 2015–2016 at the trial field of the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. Two five-course crop rotations were taken as a base; all fields were included in the crop rotation. During the years of research, we observed mixed weed infestation. No matter what cultivation technology was applied, actual weed flora at the fields with winter crops was represented by overwintering and winter weeds; at the fields with spring crops – annual spring weeds. There were no rootstock grasses and rhizomatous perennial weeds or there were few of them at all fields in the experimental crop rotations both by traditional cultivation technology and direct sowing. Timely and high-quality weed control put the direct sowing on equal footing with the traditional one. It is advisable to change herbicides, their doses, as well as use tank mixes, after moving to a direct sowing system.

scholarly journals Yield of winter rapes seeds on optimization of individual elements of growing technology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bakhmat ◽  
◽  
I. Sendetskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

The results of researches of influence of ways of application of growth regulator "Vermiyodis" and sowing norms on productivity of winter rape of Cheremosh and hybrid Mercedes are covered. The study was performed during 2017-2020 on sod-podzolic soils of the experimental field of the Carpathian State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian region of NAAS Taking into account the yield, it was found that the pre-sowing treatment of winter rapeseed Cheremosh with growth regulator "Vermiyodis" at a dose of 5 l / ha on average for 2017-2020 at sowing rates of 0.6 million / ha of similar seeds, the yield was 3.60 t / ha or 0.26 t / ha more than control, for sowing rates 0.8 million / ha of similar seeds - 3.92 t / ha or 0.21 t / ha more than control, for sowing rates 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 3.46 t / ha or 0.23 t / ha more than control. With a single spraying of winter oilseed rape plants during the growing season with the growth regulator "Vermiyodis" at a dose of 4 l / ha at sowing rates of 0.6 million / ha of similar seeds, the yield was 3.62 t / ha or 0.28 t / ha more control, with at the sowing rate of 0.8 million / ha of similar seeds, the yield was 3.94 t / ha or 0.33 t / ha more than the control, at the sowing rate of 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds, the yield was 3.48 t / ha or 0.25 t / ha more than control. In the variants where pre-sowing treatment of rapeseed seeds of winter hybrid Mercedes with growth regulator "Vermiyodis" at a dose of 5 l / t and during the growing season was carried out a single spraying of plants with growth regulator "Vermiyodis" at a dose of 4 l / ha at seeding rates of 0.6 million / ha similar seeds yield was 3.73 t / ha or 0.39 t / ha more than control, at sowing rates of 0.8 million / ha of similar seeds - 4.07 t / ha or 0.46 t / ha more than control, at sowing rates of 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 3.62 t / ha or 0.39 t / ha more than control. Double spraying of rapeseed plants of the winter hybrid Mercedes during the growing season of plants with the growth regulator "Vermiyodis" at a dose of 4 l / ha at sowing rates of 0.6 million / ha of similar seeds, the yield was 3.82 t / ha or 0.48 t / ha more control, for sowing rates of 0.8 million / ha of similar seeds - 4.15 t / ha or 0.54 t / ha more than control, for sowing rates of 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 3.68 t / ha or 0.45 t / ha more than control. In the variants where pre-sowing treatment of Cheremosh winter rape seeds with Vermiyodis growth regulator was carried out at a dose of 5 l / t and during the growing season, plants were sprayed with Vermiyodis growth regulator at a dose of 4 l / ha at sowing rates of 0.6 million / ha of similar seeds. yield was 3.91 t / ha or 0.57 t / ha more than control, for sowing rates of 0.8 million / ha of similar seeds - 4.24 t / ha or 0.63 t / ha more than control, for norms sowing 1.0 million / ha of similar seeds - 3.77 t / ha or 0.50 t / ha more than control.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF HEAVY METAL SUPPLY IN AGROLANDSCAPE DURING THE VEGETATION PERIOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A. Ilinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

The paper presents the results of a study of the intake of heavy metals into the agricultural landscape during the growing season. In the article of the parish, their intake with mineral fertilizers, seeds, precipitation was taken into account. Studies have shown that precipitation is the most significant input of the studied heavy metals into the agricultural landscape. Depending on the variant of the experiment, their input with precipitation varies as follows: for copper 77.5 - 95.9%; for zinc 50.5 - 82.0%; for lead 49.3 - 89.4%; for cadmium 68.4 - 94.7%. Based on the results of experimental studies, an empirical series of pollutants entering the agricultural landscape was built: Zn  Cu  Pb Cd.

scholarly journals Effects of plant density and proportion on the interaction between wheat with alexandergrass plants

Bragantia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
José Valcir Fidelis Martins
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Mixture Experiment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Characteristics

Determination of competitive relationships among plant species requires appropriate experimental designs and method of analysis. The hypothesis of this research was that two species growing in coexistence show different growth and development due to their relative competitiveness. This research aims to measure the relative competitiveness of wheat crop compared to Alexandergrass by the interpretation of plant density and proportional effects using replacement series experiments. Monocultures were cultivated in densities of 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 plants per pot and analyzed by regression of dry mass data. Mixture experiment was cultivated in wheat:Alexandergrass proportions of 0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1 and 6:0 plants per pot and analyzed by graphical interpretation of growth and production characteristics. Both experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Alexandergrass was more sensitive to intraspecific competition than wheat. Alexandergrass was lightly more competitive than wheat. Number and weight of spikes and number of tillers were the wheat characteristics more affected by Alexandergrass interference.

scholarly journals The Influence of Some Phytotechnical Elements on Attaque of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Le Conte (The Western Root Worm) in Maize from Crisurilor Plain

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia CIOBANU ◽  
Cornel DOMUŢA ◽  
Gheorghe CIOBANU ◽  
Maria ŞANDOR ◽  
Alina Dora SAMUEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Lower Plant

The paper based on the researches carried out during 2005 – 2008 in the long term trial placed in 1990 on the preluvosoil from Oradea. The monoculture of maize, maize – wheat and maize – soybean – wheat crop rotations were studied in unirrigated and irrigated conditions. The crop rotatin of six years (oat + clover – clover – maize – wheat – maize - sunflower) was studied in unirrigated conditions. The researches emphasized that the monoculture is the most responsible for the pest multiplication. In maize monoculture the larvae number on the roots was ranged between 4.91-8.23 and root attack degree in IOWA scale (with marks from 1 to 6 in which maximum attack is 6), had values between 3.84 and 5.62 and the frequent of attacked plants with the symptom “goose neck” ranged between 16,4% and 31.2% and larval aggressiveness being higher in the case of favorable soil moisture in irrigated condition. The maize rotation with other plants interrupts the biologic pest cycle. The results obtained emphasize that later maize sowing alongside by the utilizing of lower plant thickness level contribute to prevention of pest multiplication, while earlier sowing at high thickness favor the larvae developing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document