Functions of Indirect Utterances and Interpretation in the Course of the English Language Studies

10.12737/5711 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Anna Shirokikh
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Communicative Intention ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Language Studies

The article looks upon communicative functions of utterances. In the author’s point of view, rules of speech are dependent on the aim of communication, situation of speech, communicants’ statuses, properties of speech channel and supposition. These aspects of communication are reflected in the context of English language studies. Using the theory of dictema and factors of speech regulation as the basis for research the author analyses indirect utterances in publicistic texts read at English language lessons. Interpretation activities of students help to discover implicit properties of the indirect utterances and notional components of texts. The aims of utterances and communicative intention are seen as the basis of post suppositional research in reading and listening of English language texts. The author singles out the following functions of indirect utterances: linking and compression of information, escalation of information, communicative emphasis, expressing emotions and assessments, confirmation, imperative function, starter in a conversation, informational and emphatic assertion function, duality of opinion function and providing background knowledge.

scholarly journals A New Perspective on Covid-19 Treatment: When a Paradigm Changes in Infectiology Become Necessary against an Emerging Virus as the SARS-Cov2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Sylvain Peng-Wende Ouedraogo ◽  
Sodjehoun Apeti ◽  
Dieudonne Ouedraogo
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
English Language ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
System Response ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
French And English ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background & Aims: The covid19 is a world changing challenge. Furthermore, this disease challenges our capacities to change our point of view in the domain of infectiology, immunology and global public health. Many trials try some drug such as antiviral (lopinavir, remdesivir) interferon, and the chloroquine. Unfortunately, all approach is not really convincing at this time. We are proposing another approach on this issue. In infectiology there are two protagonists : the host and its immune system versus pathogens and its virulence. Our approach focuses on an intervention on the host’s immune system and how stimulate and modulate its reactions. Methods: We searched on PubMed and Google Scholar databases for French and English-language studies, without a limit of date of publications, for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, reviews, systematic reviews, observational studies, case report. We performed a review on the field of immunology enhancements by nutrients use. Results: We identified groups of vitamins (D and C), oligo-elements (magnesium, zinc, selenium) and nutrition advice which enhance immune system response. Indeed, these supplements have some proved properties in modulating and stimulating the immune system. For example, a recent study demonstrates that vitamin D deficiency is linked with the severity of covid19. Majority of the population has a deficiency in these elements. According to this, we propose a therapeutic protocol using these elements to reach an efficient therapy against covid19 by enhancing host’s immune system. Conclusion: Due to this serious pandemic, any solutions must not be disregarded. The nutrition way is an entire part of the solution.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

The Analyses of Learning Strategies in English as a Second Language: Theoretical Classification and Measurement Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Asti Gumartifa ◽  
◽  
Indah Windra Dwie Agustiani
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
English Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
The Impact

Gaining English language learning effectively has been discussed all years long. Similarly, Learners have various troubles outcomes in the learning process. Creating a joyful and comfortable situation must be considered by learners. Thus, the implementation of effective learning strategies is certainly necessary for English learners. This descriptive study has two purposes: first, to introduce the classification and characterization of learning strategies such as; memory, cognitive, metacognitive, compensation, social, and affective strategies that are used by learners in the classroom and second, it provides some questionnaires item based on Strategy of Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) version 5.0 that can be used to examine the frequency of students’ learning strategies in the learning process. The summary of this study explains and discusses the researchers’ point of view on the impact of learning outcomes by learning strategies used. Finally, utilizing appropriate learning strategies are certainly beneficial for both teachers and learners to achieve the learning target effectively.

THE USE OF THE TRANSLATION METHOD IN MASTERING THE TERMS

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
English Language ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Optimal Methods ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Problems Of Translation

The article is devoted to the role of Tourism terminology in linguistics and the issue of general classification, peculiarities in the expression and translation of terms related to tourism in English into Uzbek and Russian, as well as the choice of the most optimal methods for translating terms in accordance with the requirements of this professional sphere. The terminology of the English language tourism is distinguished by its brightness, versatility. Tourism terms are formed under the influence of a generalized lexical layer of language and perform a specific functional function.Tourism terms are formed through the affixation method (prefixation, suffixation, circumphixation) and get rich through the process.The terminology of English Tourism is distinguished by its content and structural features, forming a part of the language vocabulary from the linguistic point of view. Texts in the field of Tourism take into their composition concepts of Tourism and interpret them in their content. They will be mainly in the form of advertising, as well as enlighten information about a particular region or place, create informational precedents and ensure their manifestation in the social cultural presence. The relevance of the study of the problems of translation of terms in the field of tourism has been investigated, mainly due to the development of international relations, expansion of cooperation between local and foreign companies, as well as the increase in this area of communication.

scholarly journals Intelligibility in English as a lingua franca – The interpreters’ perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-193
Author(s):  
Karin Reithofer
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Written Questions ◽  
Subordinate Role

AbstractThis article aims at examining the topic of ELF intelligibility from the interpreters’ perspective. Therefore, the focus is put on listener factors affecting intelligibility in settings typical for interpreting i.e. monologic settings. Data from various intelligibility studies are compared with results from a study that tested an ELF user’s intelligibility in a conference-like ELF setting and examined the influence of listener variables such as background knowledge, familiarity with ELF use or proficiency in English. In this study, an Italian speaker gave an impromptu speech in English to participants who subsequently were asked to answer written questions on the topic. The results showed that listeners with more experience in ELF settings reached the highest score in the test, while participants with specialist knowledge were unable to profit from it. The participants’ English language skills played a rather subordinate role. The findings of this study may prove useful for considerations in interpreter training and can contribute to the development of concrete, evidence-based training methods for interpreters in the interpreting sub-skill of comprehension.

“Twenty Years of Studies in Sport Humanities – a Look at the Journal’s Archival Issues”

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Joanna Basiaga-Pasternak ◽  
Jan Blecharz
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Present Form ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Language Studies

In the text, it is shows how the journal – Studia Humanistyczne [Eng. Humanistic Studies] has changed, initially published as Zeszyty Naukowe [Eng. Scientifi c Notebooks], then as an independent periodical, to fi nally assume the form of the English-language Studies in Sport Humanities. The stages of the Journal’s operation, managed by successive Editors-in-Chief, were presented. It was showed who comprised the Editorial Board and what modifi cations the Journal underwent to fi nally take the present form of international Studies in Sport Humanities.

scholarly journals Factors Which Facilitate or Impede Interpersonal Interactions and Relationships after Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Review with Suggestions for Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delena Amsters ◽  
Sarita Schuurs ◽  
Kiley Pershouse ◽  
Bettina Power ◽  
Yvonne Harestad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Review Question

Interpersonal interactions and relationships can influence an individual’s perceptions of health and quality of life in the presence of disability. In the case of people with spinal cord injury (SCI), positive interpersonal interactions and relationships have been shown to contribute to resilience and adaptability. Understanding factors which facilitate or impede the development and maintenance of relationships after SCI may form the basis for proactive relationship support for people with SCI. To gain a broad insight into these factors, a scoping review was undertaken. Databases were searched for English language studies published between 2000 and 2015 that informed the review question. Sixty-two (62) studies were identified. Thematic analysis was conducted on data extracted from the studies and 51 factors which may facilitate relationships and 38 factors which may impede relationships after SCI were noted. The majority of factors could be categorized as environmental or personal according to the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The facilitating factors included partner and social support, reciprocity in relationships, and presenting oneself positively. Impeding factors included physical environmental barriers, real and perceived social biases, and poor self-image. Factors identified may inform the provision of supportive, holistic rehabilitation for people with SCI.

scholarly journals Fathers’ Views and Experiences of Creating a Smoke-Free Home: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel O’Donnell ◽  
Kathryn Angus ◽  
Peter McCulloch ◽  
Amanda Amos ◽  
Lorraine Greaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
Gender Power ◽  
Attitudes And Knowledge ◽  
Successes And Challenges ◽  
Children’S Exposure

Enabling parents to create a smoke-free home is one of the key ways that children’s exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) can be reduced. Smoke-free home interventions have largely targeted mothers who smoke, and there is little understanding of the barriers and facilitators that fathers experience in creating a smoke-free home. Systematic searches combining terms for fathers, homes, and SHS exposure were run in April 2019 in Web of Science’s Citation Indices, PsycINFO, and PubMed for English-language studies published since 2008. The searches identified 980 records for screening, plus 66 records from other sources. Twelve studies reported in 13 papers were included in this scoping review. Eight of the studies were conducted in Asian countries (five in China, one in India, one in Japan, and one in Iran), three were conducted in Canada, and one in Turkey. Findings were extracted in verbatim text for thematic analysis. The review identified that attitudes and knowledge, cultural and social norms, gender power relations, and shifting perceptions and responsibilities related to fatherhood can impact on fathers’ views of their role in relation to creating and maintaining a smoke-free home. There were too few published studies that had assessed smoke-free home interventions with fathers to draw conclusions regarding effective approaches. Research is clearly needed to inform our understanding of fathers’ roles, successes and challenges in creating and maintaining a smoke-free home, so that father-inclusive rather than mother-led interventions can be developed to benefit entire households and improve gender equity as well as health.

Children's strategies when reporting appropriate and inappropriate speech events

Pragmatics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Hickmann ◽  
David Warden
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Speech Events ◽  
Children's Strategies

This study examines the effects of utterance form and appropriateness on how children report conversations. Children between 7 and 9 years were asked to narrate filmed dialogues that contained two types of target utterances: (a) declaratives, interrogatives, or imperatives that were used appropriately as directives; (b) declaratives and interrogatives that were inappropriate from the point of view of information exchange, i.e., that should not have been used by the interlocutors as means of giving or requesting information, given background knowledge conditions. When reporting the appropriate directive targets, the 7/8-year-olds frequently transformed declaratives into more explicit imperatives, while the 9-year-olds' reports did not vary systematically with directive types. With respect to the inappropriate targets, omissions were more frequent at 7/8 years, transformations at 9 years. Transformations consisted most often of changing the mood or modality of inappropriate declaratives to make them appropriate. Some role reversals also occurred with inappropriate interrogatives. Finally, children of all ages omitted or transformed other events preceding or following the target utterances, so as to make the dialogues coherent more globally. These findings show children's sensitivity to the forms and functions of utterances in conversations, but they also suggest developmental changes in their reporting strategies. The younger children prefer functionally transparent reports and they omit utterances in cases of inadequate conditions of use. With increasing age, children use more complex strategies to adapt some inappropriate utterances locally by transforming systematically their form, their conditions of use, and/or their functional value.

scholarly journals Health Beneficial Effects of Moomiaii in Traditional Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1743
Author(s):  
Solmaz Rahmani Barouji ◽  
Amir Saber ◽  
Mohammadali Torbati ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Fazljou ◽  
Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
English Language ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Health Complications

raditional medicine (TM) that developed over the years within various societies consists of medical experimental knowledge and practices, which apply natural methods and compounds for general wellness and healing. Moomiaii as a pale-brown to blackish-brown natural exudate is one of the natural compounds in traditional medicine that has been used over 3000 years in many countries of the world especially in India, China, Russia, Iran, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and Kirgizstan. We reviewed all English-language studies about Moomiaii that we accessed them. In traditional medicine, many beneficial activities have been attributed to Moomiaii and to its main constituents, Humic acid and Fulvic acid, which are widely used to prevent and treatment of different diseases. Some modern scientific investigations showed that Moomiaii as a safe dietary supplement can be beneficial in various health complications. Even though the beneficial effects of Moomiaii have been confirmed in traditional and modern medicine, it seems that additional in-vitro/in-vivo studies and comprehensive clinical trials are necessary to explain the whole mechanisms of action and to determine the effective doses in various diseases. We discuss and clarify the claimed health beneficial effects of Moomiaii in some wide-spread diseases regarding its anti-ulcerogenic, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, antioxidative and anticancer properties. [GMJ.2020;9:e1743]

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