scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Pistacia Vera L. Fruit Hull, Anchusa Strigosa Flowers and Ilex Paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. leaves Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 982-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekbal Hasan Al-Khateeb ◽  
Ghada Ahmad Al-Assi ◽  
Ashok K. Shakya ◽  
Naseer Al-Rawi ◽  
Naeem Shalan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Β Carotene

The macerated methanolic extract of P. vera L., A. strigosa and I. paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. were used for evaluating their antioxidant. The results of present study showed that the IC50 value for Pistacia vera L., Anchusa strigosa and Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. extracts were 5.85 ± 0.11, 43.75 ± 1.05 and 8.98 ± 0.65µg/ml respectively compared to 1.48 ± 0.05 µg/ml of ascorbic acid against DPPH radical. The IC50 values for β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay for P. vera L., A. strigosa and I. paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. extracts were 390.1 ± 7.5, 425.8 ± 6.5 and 410.2 ± 9.0 µg/ml respectively compared to 9.5 ± 0.4 µg/ml of rutin. The results of β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay showed that the plant extract exhibits weak activity compared to rutin. In conclusion, the present study indicates that these plants and their phytochemical constituents can be exploited in future extensively for controlling oxidative stress and ailments.

scholarly journals In-vitro Anti-diabetic and Antioxidant Efficacy of Methanolic Extract of Canthium coromandelicum Leaves

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
S. Thiripura Salini ◽  
S. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Oxidative stress plays a major role in diabetic complications. The study aim was to investigate the in-vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Canthium coromandelicum leaves. The plant material was extracted with methanol and the methanolic extract was screened for in-vitro antioxidant activity using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The efficiency of the antidiabetic activity of the plant extract was evaluated against α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes. The study revealed that the C. coromandelicum extract exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value of 31.52 ± 0.42 and 41.49 ± 0.28 µg/mL respectively and compared with standard acarbose drug. The extract efficiently scavenging DPPH radical with IC50 values of 65.46 ± 0.50 µg/ml. Therefore, the extract could be a promising therapeutic in management of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals In-vitro and In-vivo Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Justicia carnea

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Udedi Stanley Chidi ◽  
Ani Onuabuchi Nnenna ◽  
Asogwa Kingsley Kelechi ◽  
Maduji Fitzcharles Chijindu ◽  
Okafor Clinton Nebolisa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

This study investigated the in-vitro antioxidant activity of ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea and its effect on antioxidant status of alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. The in-vitro antioxidant activity was assayed by determining the total phenol, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and lycopene contents and by using 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing antioxidant power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation antioxidant systems. Oxidative stress was produced in rats by single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg alloxan and serum concentration of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined. Five experimental groups of rats (n=6) were used for the study. Two groups of diabetic rats received oral daily doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg Justicia carnea leaf extract respectively while gilbenclamide (5 mg/ml); a standard diabetic drug was also given to a specific group for 14 days. From the result, the leaf extract contained a higher concentration of flavonoids followed byphenols, ascorbic acid, lycopene and β-carotene. The extract displayed more potent reducing power ability with EC50 of 40 µg/ml compared to BHA (EC50 of 400µg/ml). The percentage DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract was also higher with EC50 of 200µg/ml and increased with increase in concentration while BHA had EC50of 320µg/ml. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation also increased with increase in concentration with EC50 of 58µg/ml and comparable with BHA (EC50=60µg/ml). The effect of the plant extract on antioxidant enzyme activities was concentration-dependent. Administration of 100mg/kg of the plant extract resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum MDA concentration, while 200 mg/kg of the extract caused a significant (p˂0.05) increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities with a non-significant increase (p>0.05) in the serum level of MDA when compared with the diabetic untreated group. These findings suggest that ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea have antioxidant properties and could handle diabetes-induced oxidative stress.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HYDROLYSATES ORIGINATED FROM SOYBEAN AND SOY MILK RESIDUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ngo Minh Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values

Soybean (Glycine max) and soy milk residue (okara) are protein-rich materials. Soybean possesses the highest protein content among different types of beans (protein content of soybean varies from 40–42 %). Soy milk residue, a by-product of the soy milk manufacturing industry, contains approximately 27 % protein (by dry weight). A number of recent studies have investigated the improvement of functional properties of protein contained in soybean and okara by fermentation or by the use of proteolytic enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of soybean and okara hydrolysates obtained by the fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae or by using proteolytic enzymes (neutrase and flavourzyme). DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant activities of hydrolysates. The concentration of peptides required to scavenge DPPH radical by 50 % (IC50 value) was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of peptides produced obtained from hydrolysates. The results showed that when fermented with A. oryzae, the okara hydrolysate had higher antioxidant activity than the soybean hydrolysate, with IC50 values of 0.447 mg/ml and 3.95 mg/ml, respectively. The hydrolyzed okara obtained from hydrolysis using Neutrase had higher antioxidant activity than the one obtained from hydrolysis using Flavourzyme, with IC50 values of0.200 mg/ml and 0.407 mg/ml, respectively. Different peptide fractions obtained from the hydrolysates using cut-off membrane (10 kDa, 3 kDa and 1 kDa) possessed different antioxidant activities. The < 1 kDa peptide fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.158 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) Varieties Cultivated in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sooriya Arachchige Sachini Jayawardana ◽  
Jayanetti Koralalage Ramani Radhika Samarasekera ◽  
Gardhi Hettiarachchige Chamari Madhu Hettiarachchi ◽  
Jaanaki Gooneratne ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The prevalence of inflammatory-mediated and oxidative stress-associated diseases is increasing worldwide, creating an increasing demand for novel sources of anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants. This study was focused on determining the in vitro arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (A5-LOX), xanthine oxidase (XO), hyaluronidase and oxidative burst inhibitory activities, and antioxidant properties of Ravi, Rawana, and Oshadha finger millet varieties using ethanolic and methanolic extracts. Among all extracts, the methanolic extract of Oshadha exhibited the highest A5-LOX (IC50 value: 484.42 μg/ml) and XO (IC50 value: 764.34 μg/ml) inhibitory activities. All extracts showed less than 50% hyaluronidase inhibitory activity at 1 mg/ml concentration. Methanolic extracts showed moderate inhibitory potential on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from whole blood phagocytes, with IC50 values ranging between 26.9 and 27.7 μg/ml, when compared to ibuprofen (IC50 value: 11.18 μg/ml). All extracts showed potent inhibition of ROS produced from polymorphonuclear neutrophils isolated from human blood when compared to ibuprofen (IC50 value: 2.47 μg/ml) and IC50 values of methanolic and ethanolic extracts ranged from 0.29 to 0.47 μg/ml and 1.35 to 1.70 μg/ml, respectively. All extracts had significantly high amounts of phenolic compounds including flavonoids and the potential to scavenge 2,2 ′ -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) cation, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radicals. Besides, they were able to reduce metal ions and chelate metal ions terminating radical generating reactions. This is the first report of A5-LOX, XO, hyaluronidase, and oxidative burst inhibitory properties of any extract of any finger millet variety cultivated in Sri Lanka. The findings revealed the potential of using these finger millet extracts as natural sources of anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Additionally, the findings indicated that Ravi, Rawana, and Oshadha varieties are good sources of antioxidants. Therefore, consumption of these finger millet varieties on a regular basis may play an important role in the prevention and dietary management of oxidative stress-associated diseases.

scholarly journals Four Novel Phenanthrene Derivatives with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Gastrochilus bellinus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Htoo Tint San ◽  
Nutputsorn Chatsumpun ◽  
Thaweesak Juengwatanatrakul ◽  
Natapol Pornputtapong ◽  
Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Four new phenanthrene derivatives, gastrobellinols A-D (1–4), were isolated from the methanolic extract of Gastrochilus bellinus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, along with eleven known phenolic compounds including agrostophyllin (5), agrostophyllidin (6), coniferyl aldehyde (7), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (8), agrostophyllone (9), gigantol (10), 4-(methoxylmethyl)phenol (11), syringaldehyde (12), 1-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-imbricartin (13), 6-methoxycoelonin (14), and imbricatin (15). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Each isolate was evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 13, and 15 showed higher activity than the drug acarbose. Gastrobellinol C (3) exhibited the strongest α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 45.92 μM. A kinetic study of 3 showed competitive inhibition on the α-glucosidase enzyme. This is the first report on the phytochemical constituents and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of G. bellinus.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Madura Knife Scallop (Solen sp) Extract as a Prevention of Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
Mirwa Adiprahara Anggarani ◽  
Roy Januardi Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Reactive Molecule

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are produced by humans as a result of cellular metabolism and environmental factors such as pollutants or cigarette smoke. ROS is a very reactive molecule and has the ability to damage cell structure. Oxidative stress is a condition between oxidants and antioxidants that is not balance, pathophysiologically, oxidative stress can trigger the risk of various diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart failure, stroke and other chronic diseases. Oxidative stress can be overcome by intake of antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity contained in the meat and shells of a knife scallop (Solen sp.) that lives in Bangkalan waters, Madura. The method used in this study is an analysis of antioxidant activity with the DPPH method. Knife scallop has antioxidant activity which is evident from the IC50 values obtained. IC50 values of the shell and meat extract with ethanol solvent were 489.56 ppm and 748.49 ppm. IC50 values of the shell and meat extract with ethyl acetate solvent were 916.43 ppm and 2045.93 ppm. While the IC50 value of the shell and meat extract with chloroform solvent was 119.37 ppm and 1692.80 ppm. Based on IC50 data of knife scallop shell and meat extracts on the 3 types of solvents, it can be concluded that knife scallop’s shell and meat extract with ethanol solvent has the greatest antioxidant activity compared to ethyl acetate and chloroform solvents.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of white grape seed extracts on DPPH radicals

2009 ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamarija Mandic ◽  
Sonja Djilas ◽  
Jasna Canadanovic-Brunet ◽  
Gordana Cetkovic ◽  
Jelena Vulic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Grape Seed Extracts

Composition and antioxidant activity of grape seed extract (GSE) obtained from red grape varietes are very well documented, in contrast to the white varietes. This paper presents the results of polyphenols content of ethyl acetate extract of grape seeds, obtained from two white grape varieties, Italian Riesling and Zupljanka, and their antioxidant activity on the stable DPPH radical. The influence of the addition of GSE to raspberry juice on the DPPH radical was also examined. Content of total polyphenols in GSEs ranged between 81.6 and 82.8% (w/w), and the contetn of flavan-3-ols between 66.2 and 91.0% (w/w). HPLC results showed that the most abundant components in the extract were (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin for both grape varieties. All tested GSEs exhibited good antioxidant activity. IC50 values for the GSEs of Italian Riesling and Zupljanka were 0.79 and 0.95 mg sample/mg DPPH radical, respectivelly. Since the GSE of Italian Riesling possesed stronger antioxidant activity, it was used for further experiments. The IC50 value for raspberry juice was 4.18 mg raspberry juice/mg DPPH. The raspberry juice with addition of 0.60 ?g/mL of GSE showed antioxidant activity of 39.2%. The same juice with the threefold concentration of vitamin C (1.81 ?g/ml) exhibited similar antioxidant activity (33.9%). Antioxidant activity of the same amount of juice without added antioxidants was lower (15.7%). The results showed that the GSE of white varietes could be considered as a good functional food ingredient.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Mahonia napaulensis (Jamanemandro) Bark Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Ranjan Paudel ◽  
Rabi Kiran Sharma ◽  
Shreeya Bhandari ◽  
Manan Koirala ◽  
Ganesh Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Mahonia napaulensis also known as “Jamanemandro” in Nepali is a medium-sized stiff evergreen shrub widely distributed in South East Asia at an altitude of 1000-2000m, is traditionally used to treat dysentery and eye inflammation. This research focuses on screening of the phytochemicals, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of this plant. The methanolic extract was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. The antioxidant properties of extract were carried out by 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values from 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. The phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of terpenoids, reducing sugars, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides including cardiac glycosides and steroids. The antimicrobial activity was studied using the disc diffusion method in five different human pathogens named Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella spps. The methanol extract was compared with standard chloramphenicol and showed that methanolic extract of is M.napaulensis exhibit maximum effect against S. aureus with higher growth inhibition zones (27.3 mm), followed by P. aeruginosa, Shigella spps., E. coli and S. typhi. These antimicrobial properties showed similar effect to that of positive control, chloramphenicol. The IC50 values from DPPH radical scavenging were 230.89 µg/mL and 182.73 µg/mL of methanol extract and ascorbic acid, respectively. Due to this antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of M. napaulensis it was widely applicable in biomedical field.

scholarly journals Pestalotiones A–D: Four New Secondary Metabolites from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis Theae

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfang Guo ◽  
Jie Lin ◽  
Shubin Niu ◽  
Shuchun Liu ◽  
Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Hela Cell Line ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Xanthone Derivatives ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Mcf 7

Two new xanthone derivatives, pestalotiones A (1) and B (2), one new diphenyl ketone riboside, pestalotione C (7), and one new diphenyl ether, pestalotione D (8), along with five known compounds isosulochrin dehydrate (3), 3,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylate (4), isosulochrin (5), chloroisosulochrin (6), and pestalotether D (9), were isolated from the crude extract of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis theae (N635). The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously deduced by HRESIMS and 1D/2D-NMR spectroscopic data. Compound 6 showed modest cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 35.2 μM. Compound 9 also showed cytotoxic to the HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, with IC50 values of 60.8 and 22.6 μM, respectively. Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antioxidant activity in scavenging DPPH radical with IC50 values of 54.2 and 59.2 μg/mL, respectively.

In vitro Antioxidant potential of Sphaeranthus indicus and Abrus precatorius leaves extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 3821-3825
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Pal Jain ◽  
Gajendra Pratap Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Sphaeranthus indicus and Abrus precatorius leaves. Methods: Both plant leaves powder was exhaustively extracted by soxhlet apparatus with various solvents of increasing order of polarity, petroleum ether followed by chloroform, methanol and water. The total phenol, tannins and flavonoids content were determined spectrophotometrically. Quantitative estimation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extracts was estimated by using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride colorimetric method respectively. The antioxidant potential of all these extracts was evaluated by reducing ability assay and DPPH radical scavenging assay with vitamin C as a standard. The antioxidant activity increased with dose dependence of extracts (from 20 to 200μg/ml). Results: The order for reducing power of extracts was recorded as vitamin C > methanol > water ≈ chloroform > petroleum ether and the same order was found in the DPPH assay having 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. The results revealed that the methanolic extract exhibited the highest percent inhibition of the reducing ability and DPPH radical scavenging assay as compared to the other extracts of both plant. Moreover, methanolic extract showed concentration dependent significant scavenging of DPPH, especially with S. indicus [IC50 values 112.23±0.39 μg/ml] and A. precatorius [IC50 values 101.44±0.41μg/ml], while that of the standard was 13.45±0.37μg/ml (vitamin C). Methanolic extract showed phenolics, flavonoids and tannins contents were significantly higher than all the extracts investigated in both plant. Conclusions: A correlation between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic contents of the extracts indicated that phenolic compounds were the dominant contributors to the antioxidant activity of the plant. The results suggest that methanolic leaves extract of S. indicus and A. precatorius are source of natural antioxidants and free radical scavenging capability.

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