scholarly journals Use of endophytic bacteria from roots of Cyperus rotundus for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1308-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARDHIANA MARDHIANA ◽  
ANKARDIANSYAH PANDU PRADANA ◽  
MUH ADIWENA ◽  
DWI SANTOSO ◽  
RIZZA WIJAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Agar Media

Mardhiana, Pradana AP, Adiwena M, Santoso D, Wijaya R, Murtilaksono A. 2017. Use of endophytic bacteria from roots of Cyperus rotundus for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita. Biodiversitas 18: 1308-1315. Yield loss due to M. incognita infection in tomato plants cultivation can reach 60%. The problem is able to be solved through the application of endophytic bacteria. In this study, endophytic bacteria from root Cyperus rotundus were isolated using Tryptic Soy Agar media. The bacteria isolates were then tested their safety against plants and mammals. The phenotypic and physiological properties of selected isolates were characterized and tested to know their resistance to antibiotics, and their ability in suppressing the infection rate of M. incognita on tomato. Eighteen bacterial isolates were obtained and 8 of them are categorized as safe bacteria for plants and mammals, which could be used in further tests. A result of the physiological test showed that bacterial isolates were able to produce protease enzyme (87.5%), chitinase enzyme (62.5%), and HCN (37.5%), having urease activity (75%) and could dissolve phosphate (87.5%). Based on the test results, all endophytic bacteria effectively increased tomato growth and suppressed the severity of M. incognita infection with the most stable isolate as a biocontrol agent of M. incognita was CRS16.

scholarly journals Bakteri Endofit Asal Berbagai Akar Tanaman sebagai Agens Pengendali Nematoda Puru Akar Meloidogyne incognita pada Tomat

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Pradana Pandu Ankardiansyah ◽  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Supramana Supramana
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
New Information ◽  
Potential Use

Infection caused by root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita may cause yield losses. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of endophytic bacterial group as biocontrol agents of RKN. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria group from 16 species of plants, which effectively controlled the RKN. Isolation of endophytic bacteria group was conducted using NA 20%, NA 50%, TSA 20%, TSA 50%, and King’s B medium. All of the bacteria groups giving negative result in hypersensitive and haemolytic tests, was further examined for their ability to produce protease, chitinase, and cyanide acid. The same endophytic bacteria groups were also tested for their potential to control juvenile 2 of M. incognita on tomatoes by seed treatment and soil drenching. Agronomical and pathological traits were observed 40 days after nematodes infestation. Eighty endophytic bacteria groups were successfully isolated and 17 of them were considered potential. Physiological test showed that 16 groups of endophytic bacteria can produce protease enzyme, 12 groups can produce chitinase enzyme, and 5 groups can produce cyanide acid. Specific endophytic bacteria group, i.e. TmtN5 from roots of tomato plant, is the most effective isolate for suppressing root damage and population of RKN. This group was effective as biocontrol agents of RKN because it produceds chitinase, protease, and cyanide acid. This research provided a new information regarding the potential use of endophytic bacteria group as a biocontrol agent of RKN.

scholarly journals Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Penghasil Asam Indol Asetat (AIA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Oktira Roka Aji ◽  
Iva Dita Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia

AbstrakBakteri endofit hidup dalam suatu tanaman tanpa menyebabkan gangguan bagi tanaman yang berperan penting dalam menstimulasi pertumbuhan tanaman, yaitu dengan memproduksi fitohormon seperti asam absisat, asam indol asetat, dan sitokinin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, menyeleksi, dan mengidentifikasi bakteri endofit yang terdapat pada daun, batang, dan akar tanaman jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Isolat bakteri endofit diseleksi berdasarkan kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan asam indol asetat (AIA). Isolat bakteri endofit ditumbuhkan pada media nutrient broth (NB) yang ditambah dengan L-triptofan. Konsentrasi AIA dihitung dengan penambahan reagen salkowski dan diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 530 nm. Identifikasi bakteri endofit dilakukan dengan analisis uji biokimia. Isolat bakteri endofit yang berhasil diisolasi sebanyak 12 isolat, yaitu 4 isolat dari daun, 4 isolat dari batang, dan 4 isolat dari akar. Hasil pengamatan pada uji AIA menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat bakteri endofit dapat menghasilkan hormon AIA. Isolat yang menghasilkan konsentrasi hormon AIA tertinggi adalah isolat B2 (6,51 ppm). Isolat bakteri yang berhasil diidentifikasi berasal dari genus Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, dan Staphylococcus. Bakteri endofit yang dapat menghasilkan AIA berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai biofertilizer untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman. Abstract Endophytic bacteria live inside plants without causing disruption to plants and play an important role in stimulating plant growth. This study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria from lime plant (Citrus aurantifolia) and characterize its ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA). Bacterial isolates were grown on media supplemented with L-tryptophan as IAA precursor. The bacterial supernatant was mixed with salkowski reagents and then measured using a spectrophotometer at 530 nm. Bacterial identification was carried out using biochemical characteristic analysis. A total of 12 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from leaves, stem and roots of plants. Quantitative test results showed that all isolates can produce IAA. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by B2 (6.51 ppm). Biochemical analysis indicated that the isolates were from the genus Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. Endhophytic bacteria that can produce IAA have the potential to be developed as biofertilizers to increase crop productivity.

scholarly journals Potensi Bakteri Endofit dari Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon spp.) sebagai Agens Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Yatni Yatni ◽  
Gratiana N C Tuhumury ◽  
Christoffol Leiwakabessy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
The People ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Sago is a staple plant of the people of Maluku and Papua, which have many benefits and advantages to continue to be developed. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissues and colonize the intercellular and vascular systems. This study aims to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates from parts of the roots, stems, and leaves of sago plants which have the potential as agents for plant growth promoting bacteria. Endophytic bacteria are isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves. Based on the results of isolation, 21 isolates of endophytic bacteria were found. Then, the selection is done by hypersensitivity test and gram reaction test. The results of the selection obtained 20 isolates of endophytic bacteria that were not pathogenic. After that, it was followed by plant growth promoting test for endophytic bacterial isolates. The test results were obtained three isolates potentially as plant growth promoter that is STA1, STA6, and STA11. Keywords: endophytic bacteria, plant growth promoting, sago   ABSTRAK Tanaman sagu merupakan tanaman pokok masyarakat Maluku dan Papua, yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan keunggulan untuk terus dikembangkan. Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman dan berkoloni pada daerah ruang interseluler dan sistem vascular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri endofit dari bagian akar,batang dan daun tanaman sagu yang berpotensi sebagai agens pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari bagian akar, batang, dan daun. Berdasarkan hasil isolasi yang telah dilakukan didapati 21 isolat bakteri endofit. Kemudian seleksi dilakukan dengan uji hipersensitif dan uji reaksi gram. Hasil seleksi diperoleh 20 isolat bakteri endofit yang bukan patogen. Setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan uji pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman terhadap isolat bakteri endofit. Hasil pengujian tersebut diperoleh tiga isolat bakteri yang berpotensi sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu STA1, STA6, dan STA11. Kata kunci: bakteri endofit, pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, sagu

scholarly journals The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliana Susanti ◽  
GIYANTO GIYANTO ◽  
MEITY SURADJI SINAGA ◽  
KIKIN HAMZAH MUTAQIN ◽  
BUDI TJAHJONO2
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Abstract. Susanti Y, Giyanto, Sinaga MS, Mutaqin KH, Tjahjono B. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum. Biodiversitas 22: 3454-3462. Bacterial wilt disease (BWD) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most damaging eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell.) diseases. However, endophytic bacteria can be utilized to control it. This study aims to obtain and screen endophytic bacteria isolated from the root of eucalyptus as a biocontrol agent against BWD. A pathogenic R. solanacearum was isolated for artificial inoculation; subsequently, isolation, characterization and screening of the potential endophytic bacteria were conducted. Isolates of R. solanacearum demonstrated the pathogenicity for BWD in eucalyptus, with the highest virulence found in Rs 18. In total, 24 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained and screened for their biocontrol potential. The endophytic bacteria conveyed the capacity of antibiosis, indole acetic acid (IAA) hormone, nitrogen fixation, phosphate dissolution, protease enzyme and AHL-lactonase, which are the main indicators of bioagent characteristics in endophytic bacteria, as well as being plant growth stimulators. Four isolates were selected with the highest according to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), identified on the 16S rRNA gene. Most isolates belonged to gram-negative bacteria. The four isolates, namely B33/77 (Serratia nematodiphila), B32/77 (Paenibacillus polymyxa), B13/497 (Brevundimonas olei) and B17/111 (Bacillus megaterium), indicated their potential for biocontrol as plant growth promoters. This study is the first report on the isolation of endophytic bacterial from eucalyptus roots with regard to its benefit as a plant growth promoter. It provides basic information about the characteristics of the endophytic bacteria, which showed potential as a biocontrol agent of R. solanacearum on eucalyptus.

scholarly journals The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Muhammad Nursalim ◽  
Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract. Munif A, Nursalim M, Pradana AP. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3229-3236. The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economical loss in the vegetable plantations in the world. The endophytic bacteria may act as a potential biological agent to control the plant-parasitic nematodes. The aim of this study was to explore the endophytic bacteria from Tagetes sp., which had a potential to control Meloidogyne spp. and act as growth promoter for tomato plants. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots and stems of Tagetes sp. and tissues were cultured on the tryptic soy agar (TSA) media. The endophytic bacterial isolates were selected using hypersensitive and blood agar tests to identify their biological safety. The selected endophytic bacteria were also assessed for growth promoter test in the tomato plants. The selected endophytic bacteria were assessed in vitro against the Meloidogyne spp. juvenile 2 and their effectiveness in suppressing the root-knot nematodes on tomato plants in greenhouse. The results showed that total of 184 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from the roots and stem of Tagetes sp. In hypersensitive and hemolytic tests, 78 and 36 isolates showed negative responses, respectively. Of the 36 isolates tested, it was found that 14 of them were able to promote the growth of tomato seedlings. In in vitro test, 14 endophytic bacteria showed 73-93% mortality rate of Meloidogyne spp J2. The results at greenhouse showed that 3 bacterial isolates, namely, AL21, AL44, and AL53 suppress the number of root-knot nematodes up to 50-74% and improve tomato plant growth by 32%. These results indicate that endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. have the potential to act as biocontrol agents of parasitic nematodes and a plant growth promoter.

scholarly journals Plant Beneficial Endophytic Bacteria from the Ethnomedicinal Mussaenda roxburghii (Akshap) of Eastern Himalayan Province, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Pandey ◽  
Ramkrishna Samanta ◽  
Raj Narain Singh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Molybdenum Blue ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plant ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizer

Mussaenda roxburghii are very important ethnomedicinal plant, used for its various applications from the ancient period. The role of their associated plant beneficial endophytic bacteria was evaluated, which were previously untapped. Among the isolates, PAK6 was identified as efficient phosphate solubilizer, quantified by the molybdenum blue method. Four isolates PAK1, PAK2, PAK3, and PAK8 were able to synthesize significant level of IAA in the presence and absence of tryptophan. Isolates PAK1 and PAK9 were able to produce siderophore on CAS agar media, PAK2 and PAK9 were able to produce HCN, and PAK7 and PAK8 were able to grow on N2-free medium. All the isolates were able to produce a moderate level of polysaccharide and tolerate up to 10% of NaCl. Isolates PAK3, PAK6, PAK7, and PAK8 were able to grow well at pH 5.0 and isolates PAK2, PAK7, and PAK8 were able to tolerate 600 μg mL−1 of Al+3, while all the isolates except PAK1 showed a tolerance to 600 μg mL−1 of Mn+2 tested. Endophytic bacterial isolates PAK6 and PAK9 were effective against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii.

scholarly journals Potential of some endophytic bacteria in biological control of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalaleh Moslehi ◽  
Salar Pourmehr ◽  
Akbar Shirzad ◽  
Reza Khakvar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Abstract Background Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most important plant pathogens. Biological control is one of the safety and effective methods for control of these nematodes. The aim of the present study was the isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria from tomato fields in some areas of Iran in order to evaluate their biocontrol potential against root-knot nematode. In the present study, the population of Meloidogyne was collected from infected cucumber roots of a greenhouse, and the bacteria were isolated from tomato samples collected from the fields in West-Azarbaijan province of Iran. The effects of the bacterial isolates on hatching and mortality of nematode second-stage juveniles were evaluated, and the effects of six selected isolates on infection of a susceptible cultivar of tomato with nematode were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Results The root-knot nematode was identified as Meloidogyne incognita. Results showed that the all isolates exhibited considerable inhibitory effects on nematode hatching. The bacterial isolates also caused the mortality of juveniles. Six bacterial isolates with notable biocontrol potential were selected, and supplementary experiments and molecular identification of selected bacterial isolates were performed. Isolates 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, and 11 were identified as follows: Bacillus wiedmannii (MW405861), Pseudoxantomonas mexicana (MW405860), Pseudomonas thivervalensis (MW405862), Serratia liquefaciens (MW405864), Pseudomonas chlororaphis (MW405863), and P. fluorescens (MW405825), respectively. Based on the results of the greenhouse experiment, the selected isolates exhibited good results in terms of reduction of galls and egg masses of nematode. However, B. wiedmannii and S. liquefaciens had the best results in reduction of all investigated factors compared to other isolates. P. mexicana, P. chlororaphis, and P. fluorescens resulted moderate effects. P. thivervalensis was less effective than the others and in some cases had no effect on nematode reduction. Conclusions The results showed that endophytic bacteria are good candidates for management of root-knot nematodes. The use of such agents instead of chemicals will be very valuable to the control of nematodes.

scholarly journals Endophytic Bacterial Consortium Originated from Forestry Plant Roots and Their Nematicidal Activity against Meloidogyne incognita Infestation in Greenhouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1171-1182
Author(s):  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Supramana ◽  
Elis Nina Herliyana ◽  
Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Volatile Compound ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Yield loss due to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infection is reported to reach 35%, depends on factors contributing to infection. Application of several endophytic bacterial isolates (bacterial consortium) to control pathogenic infection is reported to be more effective compared to the application of single bacterial isolate. This study was aimed to obtain endophytic bacterial consortium originated from forestry plant that is effective to control root-knot nematode. The study was conducted through bacterial isolation followed by biosafety test. Bacterial isolates that were found to be safe for plants and mammals and compatible with each other were further grouped as the endophytic bacterial consortium. Phenotypic characterization and physiological characteristics including Gram type, ability to produce protease, chitinase, and lipase enzymes as well as HCN volatile compound were also tested. Moreover, the ability to fix nitrogen and dissolve phosphate were also examined. The endophytic bacterial consortium consisted of several bacterial isolates was further tested for its ability to inhibit M. incognita egg hatching and increase J2 of M. incognita mortality in vitro. Furthermore, test on tomato plants infested with 500 J2 of M. incognita was also performed in the greenhouse. Test results showed that 70 bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from Shorea sp., Swietenia sp., Albizia falcataria, Anthocephalus cadamba, and Juglans nigra. However, 34 bacterial isolates were observed to be safe (did not cause hypersensitivity reaction and did not produce hemolytic toxin). According to physiological characteristics, it was found that 25 isolates were able to produce protease enzyme, 26 isolates were able to produce chitinase enzyme, and 14 isolates were able to produce lipase enzyme. Moreover, it was also detected that 11 isolates were able to produce HCN volatile compound, 23 isolates were able to fix nitrogen (N), and 24 isolates were able to dissolve phosphate (P). Endophytic bacterial consortium obtained in this study was also observed to be able to inhibit M. incognita egg hatching up to 81.33% and increase J2 of M. incognita mortality up to 85% compared to control. In addition, the application of endophytic bacterial consortium was also able to increase the growth of tomato plant infected with M. incognita, and suppress the severity of the root-knot disease. This study provided information that endophytic bacterial consortium originated from forestry plants has the potential as a biocontrol agent of M. incognita.

scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

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