scholarly journals Salinity-induced changes in the morphology, physiology, and anatomy of seeds and seedlings of smooth narra (Pterocarpus indicus Willd. f. indicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARJORIE M. MANIPOL ◽  
CRUSTY E. TINIO ◽  
LERMA SJ. MALDIA ◽  
Marilyn S. Combalicer
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Harsh Conditions

Abstract. Manipol MM, Tinio CE, Maldia LSJ, Combalicer MS. 2020. Salinity-induced changes in the morphology, physiology, and anatomy of seeds and seedlings of smooth narra (Pterocarpus indicus Willd. f. indicus). Biodiversitas 21: 5146-5154. Pterocarpus indicus Willd. forma indicus is a commonly planted species for reforestation in the Philippines regardless of the area’s condition. Since the species could survive in areas even with harsh conditions, it was hypothesized that the species may also thrive in areas having substantial amount of salt, especially during its early growth. This study assessed the morphological, physiological, and anatomical responses of seeds and seedlings of P. indicus Willd. f. indicus (Fabaceae), a native species in the Philippines to varying salt (NaCl) concentrations (0-300 mM). Based on the results, P. indicus f. indicus grew significantly in terms of height, number of leaves, leaf area, root collar diameter (RCD), root nodules, and root-shoot ratio in the control and at 100 mM NaCl. On the other hand, the growth of the species was suppressed at 300 mM NaCl. The physiological characteristics (germination, survival, and photosynthetic rates) were also high in the control compared to the NaCl treatments. As for the seed anatomical characteristics, the radicle cells remained undamaged, with high cell number and longer cells in the control, but showed damaged and reduced cell number and length at 300 mM NaCl. This indicates that P. indicus f. indicus can only tolerate moderate saline soil conditions. Hence, this result needs to be considered in reforestation efforts of the country using this species.

scholarly journals Growth and mineral nutrition of baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) in nutrient solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1101-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana S. N. da Silva ◽  
Nelson Venturin ◽  
Cleber L. Rodas ◽  
Renato L. G. Macedo ◽  
Regis P. Venturin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Limiting Nutrients ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the initial growth of baru in nutrient solutions with individualized omission of mineral nutrients in greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized with 13 treatments and four replicates: Complete Hoagland & Arnon solution and with individualized omissions of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. At 60 days the following morphological characteristics were evaluated: height, root collar diameter, number of leaves and number of leaflets. In addition, the Dickson quality index and root/shoot ratio were calculated and root dry matter, shoot dry matter and the contents and accumulations of nutrients in the shoots of the seedlings were analyzed. Analysis of variance of the collected data was performed using the computational program Sisvar. The growth of baru seedlings, except for the variable height, was influenced by the omission of nutrients in the nutrient solution and the main limiting nutrients are K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Mo. The absorption of nutrients by baru plants occurs differently under the individualized nutritional omissions applied to the nutrient solution.

Effect of Nitrogen Treatments on Growth and Biomass Production Behaviour in Myrica esculenta Buch.Ham. ex D.Don

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
S.P. Chaukiyal ◽  
Pooja Kannojia ◽  
Nirmal Khatri ◽  
Pallavi Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Myrica Esculenta ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

To study the nitrogen fertilizer effect on growth and morphological traits in Myrica esculenta, a pot experiment was conducted under nursery conditions with four different nitrogen fertilizer doses i.e. 0, 20, 40, 80 kg/ha. Maximum plant height, collar diameter, number of leaves and root per plant together with root length were observed in 20 kg N/ha treatment. However, leaf, stem, root biomass produced per plant was higher in 80 kg N/ha as compared to other treatments. On seasonal analysis basis growth and biomass values were observed significantly different as compared to treatments effect and interaction between season x treatments. However, in case of root shoot ratio higher values were recorded in summer followed by winter and summer season. The seasons, treatments and their interactions i.e., seasons x treatments were observed significantly different with each other.

Collection, characterization, conservation and utilization of Cordia sinensis Lam.: An underexploited multipurpose fruit species of hot arid regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rahul Dev ◽  
M. Sureshkumar ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
K. Venkatesan ◽  
Traloki Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Maximum Coefficient ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Scrub Forests ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Cordia sinensis, locally known as ‘Goondi’ in India, is an underexploited multipurpose fruit species found in hot arid regions that is well adapted to drought, salt and hot conditions. The present study was undertaken to collect fruit samples from different locations in the Kachchh region of Gujarat, India, and to determine their field establishment for characterization, conservation and utilization. The maximum distribution of the species was observed in Bhuj (45%) and Mandvi (25%). Field boundaries (35%) and scrub forests (30%) had greater frequencies, whereas backyards had rarer frequencies (10%). The species most commonly occurred on levelled topography (60%) with a soil pH in the range of 8–8.5 (63%). Morphological data of three-year-old plants in the field gene bank showed a maximum coefficient of variation in the number of leaves per plant (66.6), followed by the number of branches per plant (45.62) and collar diameter (27.69). Wide variations were recorded in plant height (121.67–212 cm), spread (118–223 cm2) and the number of branches per plant (6–24.33). Specific accessions were identified for fodder (CBCG-12, CBCG-13 and CBCG-16), early flowering and fruiting (CBCG-12, CBCG-13 and CBCG-14), easier propagation by seeds (CBCG-12 and CBCG-13) and salt tolerance (CBCG-15 and CBCG-16). Preliminary findings and information provided about this species' utilization and other aspects might be useful for future research on its domestication, sole plantation and conservation aspects, improving the exploitation of this species by present and future generations.

scholarly journals Initial development and gas exchange of Talisia subalbens (Mart.) Radlk. under different shading conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carlota Nery ◽  
Hilton Morbeck de Oliveira ◽  
Amauri Alves de Alvarenga ◽  
Sara Dousseau ◽  
Evaristo Mauro de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Ecophysiological studies under semi-controlled conditions in nurseries and greenhouses are essential to enable the use of native species to recover degraded areas and for commercial planting. Talisia subalbens (Mart) Radlk, 'cascudo', is a native fruiting species of the Cerrado on the verge of extinction. The ecophysiological performance of this species was evaluated in nursery conditions under different levels of shading (full sunshine, 30%, 50% and 70%). Initial growth, biomass allocation, gas exchange and chlorophyll content of the plants were analyzed. Full sunshine cultivated plants showed a higher accumulation of total, shoot, and root dry biomass. There was no significant difference in the root/shoot ratio among the treatments. Seedlings cultivated under full sunshine and 30% shading showed higher values for height, basal diameter, and leaf area. Differences in stomata conductance and photosynthesis rate were not observed among the different shading levels. Plants cultivated under 70% of shading had higher contents of chlorophyll a, b, and total. During the initial phase with higher levels of radiation were fundamental for the development of T. subalbens seedlings.

scholarly journals The role of nitric oxide synthase in exercise induced changes in endothelial progenitor cell number

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Nicholas Colleran ◽  
Miles A. Tanner ◽  
Shena L. Latcham ◽  
Sara L. Collier ◽  
M. Harold Laughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cell ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Soil preparation and NPK fertilization in the planting of five Atlantic Rainforest species in a clay extraction area

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e36
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Braido Pinheiro ◽  
Adriele Dos Santos Jardim ◽  
João Vitor Garcia Silva ◽  
Adriano Alves Fernandes ◽  
Fábio Ribeiro Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Extraction Area ◽  
Absolute Growth Rate ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The occurrence of degraded areas worldwide grows each year and measures must be taken to mitigate degradation and to recover these areas. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soil preparation and NPK levels on the growth of five native species of the Atlantic Rainforest in clay extraction area. The experimental design was randomized block in a split-split plot arrangement with four replications. Subsoiling and scarification soil preparation represented main plots.  Doses of NPK 04-14-08: 0; 40; 80;160; and 320 g pit-1 represented subplots and Atlantic Rainforest native species represented sub-subplots. Absolute growth rate, stem diameter and number of leaves were evaluated, 210 days after planting. The type of soil preparation did not influence the development of the species. The best dose for Dalbergia ecastaphyllum, Inga laurina, Protium heptaphyllum and Psidium cattleyanum were 176.49, 150.18, 199.25 and 166.48 g pit-1 of NPK, respectively. Schinus terebinthifolius was highly responsive to planting fertilization, being recommended 320 g pit-1 of NPK. All species are indicated for area recovery.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sal Seedlings and Herbaceous Flora in the Khairbar Plantation of Sarguja Forest Division, Chhattisgarh

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Sinha ◽  
M Jhariya ◽  
D Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Herb Species

In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the growth performance of sal seedlings and also assess the diversity of herbaceous flora in the Khairbar plantation of Sarguja forest division during the year 2013-14. Study reveals that there are prominent variations in the height of the seedlings in Khairbar plantation. The root shoot ratio of seedlings ranged between 0.31 to 0.74. The total height of seedlings ranged from 24.00 to 90.00 cm. The girth of individual seedling ranged between 4.00 and 12.00 cm. The number of branches per seedling ranged between 4.00-17.00. The average collar diameter of sal seedling was 1.96 cm and the sturdiness ranged from 15.09-42.86. Total of 27 herbaceous species comprising 15 families were encountered in the study area. The total density of the herb species was 776000 individuals ha-1 and the maximum density was recorded for Mellilotus alba (64000 individuals ha-1), while minimum for Achyranthus aspera, Malvastrum coromandelicum and Rumex dentatus (12000 individuals ha-1 for each). The Shannon index (H’) of herbaceous species was 4.606, Simpson index (Cd) was 0.045, Species richness (d) was 1.917 and Equitability (e) was 1.397, respectively. It was observed that the growth performance of sal seedling in the Khairbar plantation site is quiet slow as compared to the other tropical species. It may also be due to the higher population of the herbaceous species. The herbaceous species compete with the sal species for the sharing of the resources for the growth and development. Micro climate and management aspects are the major concern for the good growth performance of the species in plantation sites.

scholarly journals Sanitary landfill leachate as a source of nutrients on the initial growth of sunflower plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 746-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco H. Nunes Júnior ◽  
Franklin A. Gondim ◽  
Magnum de S. Pereira ◽  
Brennda B. Braga ◽  
Roberto A. Pontes Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Sanitary Landfill Leachate

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial growth of sunflower seedlings under different concentrations of sanitary landfill leachate, considering the feasibility of its use as source of nutrients for agricultural production. Biometric and vigor variables were analyzed through the measurements of collar diameter, shoot height, number of leaves and shoot and root fresh and dry matters, from January to February 2015. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme: five leachate concentrations (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) x four harvest periods (14, 21, 25 and 29 days after sowing), with five replicates each containing two plants. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial regression, and the results of the last harvest (29 DAS) were compared by Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The use of sanitary landfill leachate increased all analyzed variables in sunflower plants when compared to the control plants (without leachate), especially in the treatment of 100 kg N ha-1. There was no inhibitory effect of the leachate on the initial growth of sunflower seedlings under adopted experimental conditions.

scholarly journals Trichoderma Contributes to the Germination and Seedling Development of Açaí Palm

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Bruno Fróes Campos ◽  
Anselmo Junior Corrêa Araújo ◽  
Cristina Aledi Felsemburgh ◽  
Thiago Almeida Vieira ◽  
Denise Castro Lustosa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Isolate ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Root Size ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

The application of Trichoderma fungus can be used to obtain seedlings of higher quality for plantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Trichoderma isolates on the germination and initial growth of açaí seedlings. Two trials were set up. In the laboratory, the seeds were inoculated in suspensions prepared with each of the isolates for 24 h, and they were arranged in trays containing filter paper in a completely randomized design with five replicates containing 50 seeds each. For the control, the seeds were submerged only in water. Part of the seedlings resulting from seeds treated and not treated with Trichoderma were transferred to bags containing forest soil and were submitted to seven modes of application of Trichoderma and kept in a nursery. The speed of germination and hypocotyl were not influenced by the biological treatment. The application of the different Trichoderma isolates positively influenced the height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root size, leaf area and root, and aerial part dry mass of the açaí seedlings. The application of the Trichoderma isolate TAM01 on the preplanting substrate and biweekly applications on the postplanting substrate was the combination that most positively influenced the development of açai seedlings.

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