scholarly journals Role of cancer literacy in cancer screening behaviour among adults of Kaski district, Nepal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254565
Author(s):  
Reecha Koirala ◽  
Nisha Gurung ◽  
Sarita Dhakal ◽  
Sulata Karki
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Cancer Literacy ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Literacy Scores

Cancer Screening is a key approach to detect cancer at an early stage and help reduce cancer mortality globally. Inadequate Cancer Literacy may pose a barrier to patient engagement in getting screened for cancer. This study assessed Cancer Screening behavior and its association with Cancer Literacy and other factors among adults of Kaski district, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 180 adults from March to August 2019, selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. Data on demographics, history of cancer, use of naturopathy, fatalism, family support, cancer literacy and cancer screening behaviour were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, with the aid of face-to-face interviews. Cancer Literacy was measured using a cancer health literacy tool (CHLT-6), and Cancer Screening behaviour was assessed on the basis of the self reported information about having gone through any type of cancer screening in the past. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated to determine the strength of association using Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis. Only 43.4% of the respondents had Cancer Literacy scores more than the median and only 11.7% had ever gone through any Cancer Screening test in the past. In this study, Cancer Screening behaviour was significantly associated with Cancer Literacy [OR = 1.43, 95% CI (1.01–2.02)]. Similarly, significant association was found between Cancer Screening behaviour and other exposure variables such as age [OR = 1.06, 95% CI (1.02–1.11)] and gender [OR = 0.06, 95% CI (0.01–0.35)]. This study showed low cancer screening and cancer literacy scores amongst the respondents. This suggests that to tackle the ever increasing burden of cancer and hence, to increase cancer screening, we need to focus on improving knowledge and awareness about cancer, as well as, on targeting efforts towards people’s understanding of basic health and cancer terminologies.

scholarly journals High Burden among Older Family Caregivers is Associated with High Prevalence of Symptoms: Data from the Swedish Study “Good Aging in Skåne (GÅS)”

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Henrik Ekström ◽  
Nathalie Lundholm Auoja ◽  
Sölve Elmståhl ◽  
Lena Sandin Wranker
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
High Burden ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Male Caregivers ◽  
And Gender

Background/Aim. Certain groups of informal caregivers have been shown to have worse health compared to noncaregivers. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the health and gender aspects of caregiving in an older Swedish population. Methods. Our study included 5457 participants from the longitudinal, general population study “Good Aging in Skåne.” A total of 33 self-reported symptoms were obtained from questionnaires and were then divided into seven domains: depressive, musculoskeletal, gastrourinary, symptoms related to head, cardiopulmonary, symptoms related to tension, and metabolic symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk of developing symptoms in each of the seven domains, regarding caregiving burden and caregiving in relation to gender. Results. We found that caregivers, compared to noncaregivers, had a higher prevalence for depressive and tension-related symptoms. High-burden caregivers exhibited significantly more individual symptoms and a higher prevalence of symptoms in the depressive, tension, and gastrourinary domains of symptoms compared to both low-burden caregivers and noncaregivers. More than 79% of high-burden caregivers reported general fatigue, and over half of the high-burden caregivers experience depressive mood. Female caregivers showed a significantly higher risk of reporting depressive symptoms (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.19–1.98) and tension-related symptoms compared to male caregivers. Conclusion. Depressive and tension-related symptoms were more common in caregivers, especially in high-burden caregivers. High-burden caregivers might be at a risk of adverse mental health, and this highlights the need to offer proper support to these groups.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and drug use among nursing staff professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Aparecida de Barros Junqueira ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Lúcio Borges de Araújo ◽  
Maria Cristina de Moura Ferreira ◽  
Carla Denari Giuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate possible relationships between drug abuse, symptoms suggestive of depression and gender in nursing team professionals. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in a general hospital with 416 participants. Used questionnaire with sociodemographic information, ASSIST, AUDIT-C and PHQ-2 tests. Used Fisher's Exact Tests, Chi-Square Test, and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis. Results: The female gender presented decreased odds ratios for alcohol consumption in the binge pattern and use of marijuana; and double odds ratios for feelings of lack of interest and pleasure. Symptoms suggestive of depression presented potential risks for the use of sedatives. Conclusion: Drug abuse and symptoms of depression are associated and manifest differently, according to gender among nursing staff professionals. Implications for practice: Social and gender roles influence the mental health conditions of these professionals.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Acceptance among Women in Dabat District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meried Eshete ◽  
Mohammedbirhan Abdulwuhab Atta ◽  
Hedija Yenus Yeshita
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Factors

Background. Cervical cancer is a global health problem. It is the second most common cancer in women worldwide, and it is the most frequent form and the leading cause of cancer mortality among Ethiopian women. Cervical cancer screening can reduce at least 50% of cervical cancer deaths. In Ethiopia, practice of cervical cancer screening is below 1%. Hence, this study aimed at assessing cervical cancer screening acceptance and determinant factors among women in Dabat district of Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Dabat district in Northwest Ethiopia, 2016. The multistage sampling method was used to recruit 790 women from the selected rural and urban kebeles. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis method was employed to determine factors significantly associated with the acceptance of cervical cancer screening with a 95% CI at p value <0.05. Results. The overall awareness of cervical cancer screening was 12.1% (95% CI: 9.6, 14.5), and 17.1% (95% CI 14.4, 19.8) of them accepted the screening. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, having knowledge about cervical cancer (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7, 3.8), parity women who had more children (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.7, 5.5) and those who perceived the severity of the disease (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.3–3.1)) were statistically significant factors for acceptance of cervical cancer screening. Conclusions. Most of the women had poor awareness and acceptance of cervical cancer screening. The findings also revealed that women of multiparous, knowledge about cervical cancer, and perceived the disease as severe were shown to be significant factors of acceptance for cervical cancer screening. Hence, continuous health education and appropriate counseling to women should be performed.

scholarly journals Awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045168
Author(s):  
Ruo-lin Huang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Ying-xin Wang ◽  
Jin-yu Zou ◽  
Li-feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Risk Populations

ObjectiveTo assess the awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China.DesignA cross-sectional study was employed.SettingThis study was conducted in nine hospitals in Hunan province, China.ParticipantsIndividuals with a high-risk for colorectal cancer were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresKnowledge, attitude towards colorectal cancer screening, sociodemographic factors associated with screening knowledge and behaviour and barriers of colorectal cancer screening.ResultsThis study included 684 participants. The mean knowledge score was 11.86/24 (SD 4.84). But over 70% of them held a positive attitude towards screening. Only 13.3% had undergone colorectal cancer screening. Independent factors related to knowledge were education level of college or above, working as a white collar, higher income, having health insurance, having seen a doctor in the past year and with a high perceived risk (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included personal history of colorectal disease, having seen a doctor in the past year, previous discussion of colorectal cancer screening, high perceived risk and better knowledge (p<0.05). Main reasons for not undergoing screening were no symptoms or discomfort (71.1%), never having thought of the disease or screening (67.4%) and no doctor advised me (29.8%).ConclusionIn China, the majority of high-risk people had deficient knowledge and had never undergone colorectal cancer screening. But most of them held a positive attitude towards the benefits of colorectal cancer screening. This has promising implications to design targeted educational campaigns and establish screening programmes to improve colorectal cancer awareness and screening participation. Healthcare professionals should advise high-risk individuals to participate in screening and inform them about cancer risk.

scholarly journals Association of microalbuminuria with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muntakim Mahmud Saadi ◽  
Manindra Nath Roy ◽  
Rubena Haque ◽  
Farida Akhter Tania ◽  
Shakil Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and aims The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of microalbuminuria and examine the association of microalbuminuria with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its component in a Bangladeshi adult cohort. Methods This cross-sectional study included 175 subjects (84 males and 91 females; aged 19–59 years), recruited from the outdoor Department of Medicine and Endocrinology of a medical college hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Lipid profile and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured in serum and albumin and creatinine were determined in urine samples. Microalbuminuria was defined as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 to 300 mg/g. The MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NECP). The association of microalbuminuria with MetS and its components was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Among the study subjects, 66.3% were hypertensive and 70.3% were diabetic individuals. Overall, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was 29.7% with 31% in males and 28.6% in females. Microalbuminuria was 2.6 fold higher in hypertensive and diabetic adults than in the non-hypertensive or non-diabetic adults. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was much more frequent in persons with the MetS (36.0%) than the persons without the MetS (5.4%). The levels of FBG, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglycerides were significantly higher (p < 0.01 for all cases) in subjects with microalbuminuria. In regression analysis, after adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index, microalbuminuria was strongly correlated with MetS followed by elevated BP and FBG (p < 0.01 for all cases). Conclusions Microalbuminuria was strongly associated with MetS in Bangladeshi adults. Elevated BP and FBG were the most predominant components of MetS among the study subjects. Comprehensive management of MetS at its early stage can be effective to prevent and reduce the progression of kidney injury and cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals Gender Stereotyping Among School-Going Female and Male Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Rural Area of Western Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Baliram Waghachavare ◽  
Girish Bhimrao Dhumale ◽  
Jitesh Hanmantrao Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Stereotyping ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Gender stereotyping is the generalized and ambiguous impression of an individual's roles in society based on one's gender, remarkably difficult to abandon. These biases play an important role in vocational choices. The aim of the current research was to study attitudes towards women, gender stereotyping, and gender biases among adolescent boys and girls from a rural area. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from Sept. 2016 to Aug. 2017 among rural school-going adolescents. A total of 826 samples were included in the study with convenience multi-stage sampling. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The data entry and analysis were performed using MS Excel and SPSS-22 with 5 % significant level. Results: The mean age of 826 participants was 13.99 years with 297 (36%) being males. A higher percentage of the participants had a positive attitude towards females (83.9%) as well as a positive attitude towards crime against women (79.1%). However, gender stereotyping (54.6%) and male bias (58.6%)were present in the majority among them. There was a significant  correlation between all the scales and gender (p<0.05); with better attitudes among females. Conclusion: Although the overall attitude towards females was better in adolescents, gender bias remains an important problem.

scholarly journals Assessment of immunization status among under five children in a census town of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3266
Author(s):  
Bharatesh Devendra Basti ◽  
Ravi Marinayakanahalli Rajegowda ◽  
Devi Varaprasad ◽  
Janakiraman Pitchandi
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Deaths among children of less than five years are preventable, mostly by vaccination. In India, the coverage still remains low, as low as 44% children between 12 to 23 months age are fully immunized. This study was intended to assess the immunization status of the children between the age group of 12-60 months, and study the possible socio demographic factors influencing it.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 wards of a census town, selected by Multi-stage simple random sampling, for a period of 4 months among 400 children. Data was collected from the mothers of these children, using structured questionnaire.Results: Immunization status among these children showed that 32.5% were fully immunized, 52.0% were immunisation update, 14% were partially immunized, and 0.5% was not immunized. Immunization status was highest for BCG and OPV-0 (99%) and least for Measles 2nd dose and DPT booster (52%). Inadequate knowledge about immunization was the most common reason for partial and un-immunization. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, factors like religion (Hindus had 2.843 odds of being partially immunised than other religions), availability of Immunization card (Those without Immunisation card had 2.025 odds of being partially immunised than those with immunisation card) and place of immunization (Those immunised at private facilities had 1.441 odds of being partially immunised than those at government facilities), were found to be significantly associated with the immunization status of the child.Conclusions: Government facilities remain the main pillars of immunisation. Coordination with Anganwadi centres is the key. Tracking of the child for subsequent doses of immunisation remains a challenge. 

scholarly journals INTEREST GROUP SESSION—CANCER AND AGING: CURRENT CHALLENGES IN CANCER SCREENING AMONG OLDER MINORITY POPULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S189-S189
Author(s):  
Chien-Ching Li ◽  
Darren Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Knowledge Of Cancer

Abstract Cancer is an important public issue around the world. Among types of cancer, lung and colorectal cancer are the most common in men while breast and cervical cancer are the most common in women. Detection of early stage cancer via screening can significantly reduce the mortality and prolong life. Although cancer prevention and control has been served as the national priority, individual’s utilization of cancer screening services is low due to limited knowledge of cancer screening and ineffective patient-provider commutation, especially in minority populations. In this symposium, we will examine three scenarios that highlight the challenges of cancer screenings in minority populations. First, we will share the results from a mixed method study that investigate the knowledge and attitudes towards Low Dose Computed Tomography lung cancer (LDCT) screening and assess the smoking cessation needs for African Americans who receive LDCT screening in an effort to reduce the health burden of lung cancer. The next study will discuss how the characteristics of older Chinese adults from the United States and Taiwan are associated cancer screening communication with physicians (i.e., whether doctor recommended screenings and whether communicated screenings with doctor). Lastly, we will share the results from a cross-sectional study that analyzed 10 years data of National Health Interview Survey to examine the difference in LDCT screening eligibility among Asian American (i.e., Chinese, Filipino, and other Asian) smokers. The discussant will summarize with an overview of the topic, and comment on the disparities of cancer screening in older minority populations.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation of the LY86 Gene is Associated With Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyong Su ◽  
Haidong Zhu ◽  
Xiaojing Xu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yanbin Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
And Gender

Background: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a large number of genetic variants for obesity and its related traits, representing a group of potential key genes in the etiology of obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetics may play an important role in obesity. It has not been explored whether the GWAS-identified loci contribute to obesity through epigenetics (e.g., DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation) in addition to genetics. Method: A multi-stage cross-sectional study was designed. We did a literature search and identified 117 genes discovered by GWAS for obesity and its related traits. Then we analyzed whether the methylation levels of these genes were also associated with obesity in two genome-wide methylation panels. We examined an initial panel of seven adolescent obese cases and seven age-matched lean controls, followed by a second panel of 48 adolescent obese cases and 48 age- and gender-matched lean controls. The validated CpG sites were further replicated in two independent replication panels of youth (46 vs. 46 and 230 cases vs. 413 controls, respectively) and a general population of youth, including 703 healthy subjects. Results: One CpG site in the lymphocyte antigen 86 (LY86) gene, which showed higher methylation in the obese in both the initial (p = .009) and second genome-wide DNA methylation panel (p = .008), was further validated in both replication panels (meta p = .00016). Moreover, in the general population of youth, the methylation levels of this region were significantly correlated with adiposity indices (p ≤ .02), insulin resistance (p = .001), and inflammatory markers (p < .001). Conclusion: By focusing on recent GWAS findings in genome-wide methylation profiles, we identified a solid association between LY86 gene DNA methylation and obesity.

scholarly journals Fatigue Status in Relation to Lifestyle in Healthy Japanese Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zou ◽  
Masaru Kubota ◽  
Eriko Kuruma ◽  
Chiaki Kojima ◽  
Ayako Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
And Gender

In order to investigate the prevalence of physical, mental, and chronic fatigue syndrome-(CFS-) related fatigue and its relation to lifestyle, 1,225 adolescents (591 males, 634 females) aged 11 to 16 years were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire on fatigue status and lifestyle in the past one month. There was no gender difference in physical and mental fatigue scores, but CFS-related scores were significantly higher in females than in males. These scores were found to increase with the increase of age. After adjusting for age and gender, multiple regression analysis showed that physical and mental fatigue scores were associated with sleeping hours, extracurricular sports activity, food balance, the frequencies of snacks between regular meals, intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, and visits to the nurse's room. This paper is the first large cross-sectional study on fatigue in healthy adolescents in Japan, albeit there were numerous such studies in Western countries.

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