Prevalence of migraine in adults with celiac disease: A case control cross-sectional study

Aim Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder with various manifestations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal symptoms of celiac patients, especially migraine, and compare it with healthy individuals. Methods We compared 1000 celiac subjects (CS) registered at our celiac center with the control group for headache-based on International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition criteria and their GI symptoms. Besides, CS with migraine and non-migrainous headache were compared in terms of GI symptoms and accompanied conditions. Results Headache was more common in CS than controls (34% vs 27% respectively, P value<0.001) and more prevalent in females (71.9% in females vs 28% in males, P value = 0.004). Moreover, the prevalence of migraine in CS was higher than controls (20.7 vs 11.9% respectively, P value<0.001). Furthermore, migraine was more prevalent in females with CD (80% in females vs 19% in males, P value = 0.033), and often without aura (76%). Abdominal pain (76.9%, P value = 0.025), diarrhea (54.9%, P value = 0.002), and constipation (42.9%, P value = 0.011) were the most common GI symptoms in CS with headache and more prevalent in CS with migraine. Conversely, type 1 diabetes mellitus was less common in CS with migraine than in CS with non-migrainous headache. (P value = 0.001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.22–1.83, P value < 0.001), and CD (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.12–1.65, P value = 0.002) were independent predictors of headache, whereas age more than 60 years (OR 0.70, 95%CI 0.50–0.97, P value = 0.032) had a protective effect. Conclusion Headache especially migraine is more prevalent in CS than healthy controls. In addition, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation are more common in CS with migraine than in CS with non-migrainous headaches. Therefore, evaluation of CD in patients with migraine and these simultaneous GI symptoms seems reasonable.

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Recurrent Miscarriage and Consanguinity among Omani Women– A Cross Sectional Study

Gynecology & Reproductive Health ◽

10.33425/2639-9342.1141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatma Al Hoqani ◽

Wadha Al Ghafri ◽

Saneya El tayeb ◽

Yahya Al Farsi ◽

Vaidyanathan Gowri

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Miscarriage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Recurrent Miscarriages ◽

Sultan Qaboos University ◽

Chi Squared ◽

History Of

Objective: to determine the prevalence of explained and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) and to find out if there is a significant relationship between recurrent miscarriages and consanguinity. Methods: A cross sectional in which the cases group included all women with RM attending the outpatient clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from July 2006 to April 2012 and the controls group included women with no history of RM after matching them with cases for age (case to control ratio was 1:1). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of consanguinity in women with or without recurrent miscarriages. Results: During study period a total of 290 women with RM were seen. Of which, 150 (51.7%) women had unexplained RM. Control group with no history of RM were 300 women. Consanguinity rate among cases (49.5%) %) was less than the controls (52.7 %%). Both first cousin and second cousin marriages were more common in the controls than the cases and it was not statistically significant (p value 0.476, chi squared test). Conclusion: In this study we found that more than half of RM cases were unexplained and there was no significant association between RM and consanguinity.

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Relationship between pediatric liquid medicines (PLMs) and dental caries in chronically ill children

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol31no3.25071 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Ankita Goyal ◽

Vatchala Rani ◽

Bhadravathi Cheluvaiah Manjunath ◽

Kanupriya Rathore

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Chronically Ill Children

Introduction: Purpose of this research is to assess the relationship between long-term pediatric liquid medicines (PLMs) consumption and dental caries in 2–12-years-old chronically ill children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a public pediatric hospital in India for a period of 6 months. A total of 455 children aged 2–12 years old with various chronic diseases who were receiving PLMs for more than 6 months were selected as the subjects in this study and compared with 531 children of similar age group and diseases who received other forms of medication. Dental caries was measured by DMFT/dmft and data collected were analyzed with SPSS (17th version) using statistical tests such as t-test and one-way ANOVA. Univariable logistic regression was used where the significance was fixed at a a p value of less than 0.001. Results: Children on PLMs had an increased risk of dental caries than those on other forms of medications (OR: 3.142, 95% CI: 2.37–4.15, p < 0.001). The prevalence of dental caries was higher (77.8%) in children consuming PLMs when compared to other forms of medication (52.7%). The mean DMFT and dmft scores were significantly higher in the study group when compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Long-term consumption of pediatric liquid medicines containing sucrose as a risk factor for dental caries among chronically ill children. sugar free options has to be used during prescription to prevent medication-triggered caries.Keywords: Paediatric liquid medicine, medication-triggered caries, sugar-free medication

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CELIAC DISEASE

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.01.1414 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (01) ◽

pp. 072-075

Author(s):

Sana Zulfiqar ◽

Amin Fahim ◽

Aneela Qureshi ◽

Sadia Adnan ◽

Shomail Saeed Siddiqui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Duodenal Mucosa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Marsh Type ◽

History Of ◽

And Gender

Objective: To find out the Modified Marsh type of celiac disease (CD)patients on histopathological examination of duodenal (D2) biopsies and to correlate it withtissue transglutaminase IgA levels. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place of Study:Histopathology laboratory (Department of Pathology), Isra University Hospital and AsianInstitute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Hyderabad. Duration of Study: July 2013 to December2013. Materials and Methods: 96 patients with a history of malabsorption or atypical symptomswith clinical suspicion of CD were subjected to endoscopy. Endoscopic duodenal (D2) biopsieswere taken regardless of age and gender. D2 biopsies were processed for histopathologicalexamination under light microscopy. Results: Out of 96 patients, 45 (46.9%) patients hadmoderate type of lamina propria inflammation along with highly significant p-value (0.0001).CDtype 3a was observed in 34 patients (35.4%). In this study the comparison of serological level oftissue Transglutaminase IgA (tTGA) and histological severity revealed significant correlation. AllModified Marsh types of CD with tTGA level seen in our study were highly significant (p-value0.001). Conclusion: In this study strong correlation was observed between the serologicaltTGA level and histological findings by Modified Marsh classification along with lamina propriainflammation of duodenal mucosa in CD patients.

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Post-Operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Who Underwent Spinal Anesthesia in Orotta, Halibet and Sembel Hospitals: A Cross Sectional Study in Eritrea

10.47363/jsar/2021(2)116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Michael Beraki Mengistu ◽

◽

Yonatan Mehari Andemeske ◽

AriamTsegay Emhatsion ◽

HabtomTareke Wrieta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Spinal Anesthesia ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Background: Delirium is a common but often underdiagnosed set of transient symptoms often seen in elderly patients following surgeries under spinal anesthesia. With early recognition and diagnosis based on the established standard criteria delirium can be improved. Early identification of the possible contributingfactors and the magnitude of the burden will help in the management of the fragile elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of postoperative delirium and associated risk factors in elderly patients who have done surgery under spinal anesthesia. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in the National Referral Hospitals and Sembel PrivateHospital, in Asmara, Eritrea from February to May, 2019. The study participants were elderly patients (age ≥65 years) having no known history of dementia or delirium or no mental disorder, no history of acute cerebrovascular disease. Basic background and clinical characteristics of the patients was collected. To assess the status of cognitive impairment level, the Mini Mental State Examination and Confusion Assessment Method tools were used. Data was collected through an interview method. After the data was entered into SPSS version 22 software, data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis method as appropriate. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 74 ±6.62 and 102 (79.1%) of the participants were males. POD occurred in 14 (10.9%) of the patients. Adjusting all the potential factors, age was identified as arisk factor for developing POD. Conclusion: Age was determined to be a significant risk factor of delirium. Elderly patients require more attention and care and the findings might help to develop preventive strategies to the occurrence of POD

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Frequency of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Alopecia Areata and Control Group Referring to Skin Clinics of Yazd City in 2017

Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/ssu.v28i1.3132 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani ◽

Ghasem Dastjerdi ◽

Sepideh Hasani

Keyword(s):

Alopecia Areata ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Common Disease ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Yazd City

Introduction: Alopecia areata is a fairly common disease characterized by patchy aria of hair loss. The role of psychological factors in the occurrence of alopecia areata has long been discussed. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of stress and anxiety and depression in the patients with alopecia areata in Yazd City in 2017. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study and 50 patients with alopecia areata in Yazd were compared with 50 in the control group in the year 2016. Sampling method was a census and variables, including sex, age, education level, duration of lesion, frequency of relapse, and location of the disease were collected and recorded using a questionnaire. The depression anxiety stress-scale (DASS) (Dass11) questionnaire was used for scoring anxiety, stress and depression. For analyzing the collected data were entered into SPSS version 13. Results: The results of the study showed that the mean age of the participants in the study was 30.27 ± 8.7, the mean duration of lesion was 23.5±53.52 months and the mean recurrence rate was 1.4±2.2. From 100 participants in the study, 36 (36%) were women and 64 (64%) were men. The mean score of depression (6.8 vs 4.6), anxiety score (6.08 vs 3.5) and stress score (10.06 vs 8.06) were found to be significantly different between the two groups. Also, in women and in the age range of 17-29 years, the mean of depression and anxiety scores was significantly different in the two groups (P-value <0.05). Conclusion: According to results, it can be concluded that the frequency of depression, anxiety and stress in the patients with alopecia areata is significantly more than the control group.

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Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9060635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 635

Author(s):

Badar Kanwar ◽

Chul Joong Lee ◽

Jong-Hoon Lee

Keyword(s):

Influenza Pandemic ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Case Series ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Death ◽

1918 Influenza

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone’s effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at p < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Bötzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2.

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Association Between Geographic Tongue and Personal Temperament Based on the Knowledge of Persian Medicine

Shiraz E-Medical Journal ◽

10.5812/semj.102456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Pourshahidi ◽

Arash Mansourian ◽

Maryam Habibzadeh ◽

Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi ◽

Majid Nimrouzi

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Basic Research ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Case Group ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Persian Medicine

Background: Geographic tongue (GT) is one of the benign inflammatory oral diseases with unknown etiology. Objectives: The present study aimed to find the correlation between temperament (mizaj) and GT lesions in the context of Persian medicine and conventional approach. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 401 eligible participants were selected, 201 as the case group and 200 as the control group. After obtaining informed consent, the participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Then, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21. Results: Patients with GT were moderate regarding hot-cold temperament, and they had dry temperament. There was a statistically significant relationship between dry temperament and GT lesions (P value = 0.037). In the control group, people without GT lesion possessed average temperament either regarding hot-cold or wet-dry temperament. Moreover, there was a statistically significant relationship between hot-dry temperament and GT lesions (P value = 0.002). Conclusions: The results of our study showed a higher frequency of GT in dry temperament. The dominant pattern for people with GT in compound and simple temperament was hot-dry and dry, respectively. The second more frequent temperament was hot. Following temperament change, treatment of GT lesion or alleviation of its disturbing symptoms is an issue, which might be determined by conducting basic research and well-designed clinical trials in the future.

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Association of Non HDL-Cholesterol and other lipid parameters in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2022.29.01.6399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (01) ◽

pp. 82-87

Author(s):

Syeda Sabahat Haider ◽

Muhammad Shahid ◽

Khalid Razaq ◽

Shama Iqbal ◽

Muhammad Tariq Ghafoor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coronary Syndrome

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypercholesterolemia in patients who are diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and to also document the association of Non HDL-C with Acute coronary syndrome in these patients. Study Design: Observational Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Cardiology and Pathology of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Period: September 2019 to February 2020. Material & Methods: One hundred and thirty five patients with Acute coronary syndrome were included using non probability purposive sampling technique and equal number of patient who visited the outpatient department or admitted in indoor with complaints other than ACS were taken as control (n=135). Frequency and percentages were calculated and odd ratio was determined to see the association. Statistical significance was set at P-value<0.05. Results: Patient’s mean age was 55.5±12.4 years and there were 98(73%) male and 37(27%) female. Higher Non HDL-C (>130mg/dl) was found in 120(88.9%) cases and in 38(28.1%) controls with odd ratio 20.4211 at 95 %CI and p value <0.001.Hypercholesterolemiawas seen in 49(36.3%) of the cases while in 21(15.6%) of control group (without ACS) with odd ratio of 3.3 and p-value <0.001. Odds ratio was maximum for Non HDL cholesterol, followed by LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and Total cholesterol. Conclusion: Non-HDL cholesterol showed a good association in patients with ACS than with primary target LDL-C or total cholesterol.

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Association of hs-CRP Levels and Medications Adherence Status among Heart Failure Patients at a Cardiac Referral Hospital in Tanzania

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/47582.14884 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel Maganga ◽

Pilly Chillo ◽

Mohamed Janabi ◽

Appolinary Kamuhabwa

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Computer Software ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Clinical Information ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) is a global health problem, and despite much progress in new therapies, its prognosis remains poor. This is due to a number of factors including lack of adherence to HF medications. Previous studies have shown high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) to change with HF progression, and that plasma hsCRP levels can be used to predict HF progression and assessment of adherence to medications. This association however has not been studied in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, including Tanzania. Aim: To study the association between hsCRP levels and HF medications adherence among HF patients attending the Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study, where all eligible adult HF patients were consecutively enrolled as they attended their regular clinics, until the sample size was reached. Patients’ socio-demographic and clinical information was collected through interviews and chart reviews. An 8-item Morisky tool was used to assess patients’ adherence to HF medications. Blood was collected and analysed for hsCRP, Complete Blood Count (CBC) and cholesterol panel. hsCRP was considered elevated when it was >5 mg/L. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software, version 21. All tests were 2-sided, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered to indicate a significant association. Results: In total, 210 HF patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 54±15.9 years and 53.8% were females. In the total population, the mean hsCRP was 7.15±4.94 mg/L, and 122 (58.1%) patients had elevated hsCRP. Poor medications adherence was present in 138 (65.7%) patients. Patients with poor medications adherence were more likely to have elevated hsCRP levels (68.1%) when compared to patients with good adherence (38.9%), p<0.001. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated hsCRP independently predicted poor medications adherence (OR=4.27, 95% CI 2.14-8.51, p<0.001), irrespective of other variables. Conclusion: HF patients with poor medications adherence are 4-times more likely to have elevated hsCRP, irrespective of other clinical and socio-demographic factors in this study cohort. These findings suggest that hsCRP levels can be considered as surrogate to HF medications adherence.

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Comparison of the Sex Hormones’ Serum Level in Women With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and Healthy Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-409795/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Lavaee ◽

Zahra Ranjbar ◽

Mina Jalalian ◽

Mohammad Amin Amiri

Keyword(s):

Serum Level ◽

Sex Hormones ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽

Aphthous Stomatitis ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the sex hormonal serum level in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and compare them with healthy participants.Methods:This cross-sectional study was done on patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis who had referred to Shiraz Dental Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department during 2018-2019. The non -menopause women with recurrence of at least 3 lesions per year were enrolled in this study.The mean serum level of FSH, LH, PRL (prolactin), testosterone, DHT (Dihydrotestosterone), DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), estradiol and progesterone of 30 participants in each group of case and control were measured and compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 and independent T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient test, Chi-square test and Fisher’s test.Results: The mean serum level of DHEA-S in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) was significantly lower than the control group (p value=0.002). In addition to DHEA-S, the mean serum level of testosterone was lower in the evaluation group although this difference was not significant (p value=0.057).Considering the effect of age on the mean serum level of sex hormones, our results revealed that only DHEA-S mean serum level was decreased by increasing the age of participants in patients with RAS (p value=0.018).The number of participants with abnormal range of testosterone (p value<0.0001) and progesterone (p value=0.037) serum level was significantly more in patients with RAS. The frequency of RAS in a year did not show a significant relationship with the serum level of the evaluated hormones.Conclusion: The patients with RAS had a lower serum level of DHEA-S. The mean serum level of testosterone and progesterone was significantly abnormal in RAS patients.

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