scholarly journals PENGARUH MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix) TERHADAP DINDING SEL BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Opstaria Saptarini ◽  
Ismi Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Light Yellow Color

Kaffir lime leaves essential oil has activity to inhibit bacterial growth. The mechanism of the inhibition is thought to be located in thebacterial cell wall. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial work location of kaffir lime leaf essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Kaffir lime leaves were distilled by steam distillation, essential oils obtained were identified by organoleptic quality, evaporation, solubility in alcohol, refractive index and specific gravity. The results were compared under with the literature. The results of essential oils were made with various concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.13, 1.56, 0.73, 0.39, and 0.20%. The results of the concentration series were tested for antibacterial activity with the macrodilution method followed by the determination for the location of bacterial growth inhibition using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The yield of kaffir lime leaf essential oil was 0.82%. The observation of organoleptic essential oil has a light yellow color, the distinctive odor of kaffir lime, a liquid form, and distinctive lime taste. Refractive index examination resulted 1.454; specific gravity 0.8317, and soluble in 70% ethanol with a ratio of 1:1. The Minimum BactericidalConcentration (MBC) obtained from the antibacterial activity test was 6.25%. Kaffir lime leaves essential oil mechanism occurred in the cell walls and cell membranes of Staphylococcus aureus. 

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF AGASTACHE AURANTIACA ESSENTIAL OILS

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Коваленко (Kovalenko) ◽  
Галина (Galina) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) Супиченко (Supichenko) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'jana) Игоревна (Igorevna) Ахрамович (Ahramovich) ◽  
Анна (Anna) Геннадьевна (Gennad'evna) Шутова (Shutova) ◽  
Виктор (Viktor) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) Леонтьев (Leontiev)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Components

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation method from plants of three varieties Agastache aurantiaca, cultivated on the Republic of Belarus were investigated. Some morphobiometric parameters of plants 'Tango', 'Apricot Sprite' and 'Fragrant Delight' and oil yields were determined. Using the technique of gas-liquid chromatography essential oil components were identified and determined. The main components of the essential oil from 'Tango' and 'Fragrant Delight' plants were menton (~ 53 and ~ 65 v/v % respectively) and pulegon (~ 36 and ~ 25 v/v % respectively). The samples of 'Apricot' Sprite' essential oil were rich in isomentone (~ 46 v/v %) and pulegon (~ 41 v/v %). All tested essential oils contained (+)-menton and (+)-pulegon enantiomeric forms only. The antibacterial activity of dimethylsulfoxide and ethanolic essential oil solutions against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella alony, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sp., Escherichia coli Hfr H, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was proved. Ethanol solutions of essential oils at the concentrations 0.001–0.1 v/v % had significant bactericidal activity. A correlation between the composition of the essential oil and their antibacterial properties was established.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Baccharis latifolia Pers. and B. Prunifolia H. B. &K. (Asteraceae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Rojas ◽  
Judith Velasco ◽  
Luis B. Rojas ◽  
Tulia Díaz ◽  
Juan Carmona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Retention Indices ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oils from leaves of Baccharis latifolia and B. prunifolia collected in January 2006 were analyzed by GC/MS. The yields of oils extracted by hydrodistillation were 0.27 and 0.29% for B. latifolia and B. prunifolia, respectively. Sixteen (B. latifolia) and twenty nine (B. prunifolia) components were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with the Wiley GC-MS Library data and by their retention indices (RI). The identified products may be divided into four different groups: monoterpenes (9.0% B. latifolia; 43.9% B. prunifolia), oxygenated monoterpenes (0.8% B. latifolia; 5.4% B. prunifolia), sesquiterpenes (20.4% B. latifolia; 45.9% B. prunifolia) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (69.8% B. latifolia; 1.9% B. prunifolia). The oils showed antibacterial activity only against Gram positive bacteria, with MIC values for Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) of 80 μg/mL (B. latifolia) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) of 90 μg/mL and 260 μg/mL (B latifolia and B. prunifolia, respectively).

scholarly journals Phytochemical characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of essential oil and extracts of Tagetes patula on Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-367
Author(s):  
Virginia Monserrate López Zambrano ◽  
Alex Alberto Dueñas Rivadeneira ◽  
José Gerardo Cuenca Nevárez ◽  
Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Tagetes Patula

Tagetes patula is an ornamental plant species and its essential oils contain potentially allelopathic active ingredients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of extracts, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of flowering leaves of the species, on Staphylococcus aureus. For this, the extraction of the essential oil by hydrodistillation was carried out, evaluating the physical characteristics (solubility, density and refractive index) and phytochemical characteristics of the extracts through a phytochemical screening (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and reducing sugars). The quantificatics of phenols in the essential oil was performed by the Folin Ciocalteu method, the antioxidant activity using the DPPH and ABTS tests, the antimicrobial activity by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration. The results obtained showed for the essential oil, a density of 0,733 g.mL-1, refractive index of 1,47 and insolubility in ethanol (70 %), presence of tannins, flavonoids and phenols in the extracts. The phenolic content was 1.024 ± 0,19 mg.g-1 TAE, the antioxidant activity with DPPH was 87,6 ± 0,18 µmol.g-1TE and with ABTS 180,83 ± 0,36 µmol.g-1 TE in Trolox equivalent. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 16,67 mm against S. aureus, in response to which it is concluded that the essential oil of T. patula had antioxidant activity against radicals DPPH and ABTS, high phenolic contents and showed antibacterial activity in vitro tests against S. aureus.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Waktu Ekstraksi Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Menggunakan Pelarut n-Heksana terhadap Rendemen Minyak

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nasrun Ibrahim ◽  
Jalaluddin Jalaluddin ◽  
Nurul Rahmah
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Sample Weight ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Indonesia has natural resources that are rich in essential oils. One potential natural resource is lime which can be used as flavor in food. The extraction of lime leaf essential oil using volatile solvent extraction method. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of extraction time on yield, refractive index, and density of essential oils produced. Extraction of lime leaf oil with n-hexane solvent using soxhlet extractors. The old lime leaves that have been cleaned, cut into small pieces and wrapped in filter paper and put in soxhlet. 200 ml n-hexane solvent is inserted in an extractor round bottom flask equipped with coolant. Extraction is carried out at a certain temperature and time depending on the type of solvent used, until the solvent color is returned as before. Then the filtrate was distilled to be purified, so that lime leaf oil was obtained separately from the solvent. Essential oils are then tested for yield, refractive index, and density contained in essential oils. The results of the study were extraction of lime leaves with n-hexane solvent, the highest yield obtained at a sample weightof 200 grams with an extraction time of 180 minutes which was 3.11%. The highest oil refractive index was also obtained at a sample weight of 200 grams with an extraction time of 180 minutes which was 1.47, while the density of essential oil from lime leaves was 0.79gr/ml.Keywords: essential oil, lime leaf, extraction, n-heksana

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Red Peacock Flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) Leaf Essential Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Novena Risnalani Rintank Constani ◽  
Hartati Soetjipto ◽  
Sri Hartini
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Peacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) leaves contain essential oils which can be used as an ingredient in cosmetics, perfume, aromatherapy, medicine, and supplements. The study was conducted to obtain essential oils from peacock flower leaves and determine the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the agar diffusion method, using paper discs. Measurements were made for the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) that appeared, while the essential oil component was analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the peacock flower leaves (C. pulcherrima) had a moderate to strong antibacterial effect at a concentration of 7.5%-20% against gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Gram-negative E. coli bacteria are relatively more sensitive to peacock flower leaf essential oil compared to other test bacteria. Peacock flower (C. pulcherrima) leaf essential oil is composed of 7 main components namely β-Cubebene 33.87%; Caryophyllene 23.00%; γ-Elemene 13.18%; α-Pinene 10.96%; Cadina-1(10),4-diene 10.20%; Copaene; 7.09%; β-Pinene 1.70%.

scholarly journals Synergy between Essential Oils of Calamintha Species (Lamiaceae) and Antibiotics

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milenković ◽  
Jelena Stošović ◽  
Violeta Slavkovska
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the study was the investigation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from Calamintha sylvatica, C. vardarensis, C. nepeta and C. glandulosa, as well as their antibacterial activity in combination with antibiotics. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of EOs was performed using the GC/FID and GC/MS methods. The antimicrobial activity of EOs against six standard bacterial strains and one strain of yeast was tested using the broth microdilution method, while the antimicrobial activity of a combination of essential oils and gentamicin/ciprofloxacin was tested by the checkerboard method. The dominant components (> 10%) of the essential oils were: cis-piperitone epoxide and menthone ( C. sylvatica), pulegone and menthone ( C. vardarensis), pulegone and piperitenone ( C. nepeta), pulegone, piperitenone, menthone and piperitone ( C. glandulosa). EOs did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity except the essential oil of C. vardarensis which was selectively active against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC - 21.25 μg/mL). The overall effect of essential oil-antibiotic combinations varied from synergistic (FICI ≤ 0.5) to antagonistic (FICI ≥ 2) depending on the bacterial strain tested.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Siam Banjar (Citrus reticulata) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Dwi Rizki Febrianti ◽  
Yugo Susanto ◽  
Rakhmadhan Niah ◽  
Siti Latifah
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Activity Test

ABSTRAK Jeruk siam yang berkembang di Kalimantan Selatan telah dikukuhkan menjadi varietas unggul nasional dengan nama jeruk siam Banjar. Kulit jeruk belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal hanya dibuang sebagai limbah. Kulit jeruk mengandung beberapa senyawa salah satunya mengandung senyawa aktif minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit jeruk siam Banjar (Citrus reticulata) terhadap pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. metode penarikan minyak atsiri kulit jeruk siam Banjar menggunakan metode destilasi air. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  minyak atsiri kulit jeruk siam Banjar diperoleh sebanyak 10 mL (0,58%), berwarna kuning, aroma khas jeruk, bentuk cair, rasa getir dan tidak ada noda transparan. Hasil penelitian uji aktivitas menunjukkan minyak atsiri kulit jeruk siam Banjar dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pada volume 50 µL, 75 µL, dan 100 µL minyak atsiri kontrol positif (ciprofloxacin) sedangkan kontrol negatif (aqua pro injection). diameter zona bening disekitar cakam  dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang dihasilkan beturut-turut 3,55 mm, 4,54 mm, 5,14 mm, 22,38 mm, dan 0 mm. Kata kunci: Kulit jeruk siam Banjar (Citrus reticulata), Minyak atsiri,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ABSTRACT Jeruk siam that develop in South Kalimantan have been confirmed as national superior varieties by the name of jeruk siam banjars. Citrus skin has not been used optimally only as waste. Orange peel contains several compounds, one of which contains active compounds of essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils of jerk siam banjars skin (Citrus reticulata) to the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. method of withdrawal of jeruk siam banjars essential oil using a water distillation method. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disc diffusion method against the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that 10 mL (0.58%) of essential oil from the jeruk siam banjars, yellow, orange aroma, liquid form, bitter taste, and no transparent stains. The results of the activity test showed that the essential oil of the skin of the jeruk siam banjars could inhibit the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At the volume of 50 µL, 75 µL, and 100 µL of essential oil control positive (ciprofloxacin) while the negative control (aqua pro injection). the diameter of the clear zone around the paper disk with the average diameter of the inhibition zone produced was 3.55 mm, 4.54 mm, 5.14 mm, 22.38 mm and 0 mm respectively.Keywords: jeruk siam banjar (Citrus reticulata), essential oil, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pelatihan Pengolahan Jahe Menjadi Minyak Atsiri Dengan Teknik Penyulingan Pada Kelompok Petani Desa Junrejo Kecamatan Junrejo Kota Batu

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nurul Muddarisna ◽  
Yekti Sri Rahayu ◽  
Mohamad Su’i
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Training Phase ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Red Ginger

Ginger farmers in the Junrejo village, Junrejo sub district, Batu,  generally sell ginger in fresh form which hasa risk of low profit.  Storage of fresh ginger for a long time can reduce the content of essential oils resulting in decreasedquality and selling value.  One of techniques that can be used to minimize the risk is to process the fresh ginger into theessential oils. The purpose of this program was to provide counseling about post-harvest handling of ginger and trainingof fresh ginger processing into essential oils with distillation techniques. The target of this program was to improve skillsof  ginger farmers to distillate fresh ginger rhizome into essential oil. During the training, farmers showed enthusiasmand high spirits in following the training phase. The results of calculation of essential oil content of two types of freshginger used in the training was 0.15% in emprit ginger and 0.2% in red ginger. The results of laboratory analysis ofessential oil characteristic of ginger emprit  showed that the emprit ginger produced by Junrejo village farmers consisted of acid value, specific gravity (at 250C) and refractive index (at 250C) of 0.98% ; 1.498; and 0.98, respectively

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Insecticidal and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Three Acantholimon Species (A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Ardalan Pasdaran ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Azadeh Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

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