scholarly journals The effect of treatment for soil-transmitted helminthiasis on cognitive function in children

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Sari ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
P Value ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Student’S T

Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections affectone-third of the world's population. School-aged children arereported to have the highest prevalence and intensity of disease,resulting in impaired cognitive function, malnutrition andmorbidity.Objective To examine differences in cognitive function in STHinfectedchildren before and after treatment.Methods We conducted a randomized, open-label, controlled trialfrom November 2 008 - March 2009 in Aek Na bar a, Lab uh an BatuDistrict, North Sumatera Province. Subjects were primary schoolagedchildren with STH infection. Before intervention, data onage, sex, nutritional status, STH infection status and cognitivefunction were collected. Subjects were divided into two groupsby simple randomization. Group I received 400 mg albendazoleand group II received a placebo. Three months after intervention,cognitive function of subjects in both groups was reassessed. Datawas analysed by Student's t test, with P value of less than 0.05considered to be statistically significant.Results Cognitive tests with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale forChildren (WISC) were performed in 120 children infected withSTH. Sixty children received 400 mg albendazole and 60 childrenreceived placebo. Seven children were excluded and one droppedout from this study. Three months after the intervention, wereevaluated cognitive function and found significant differencesin the categories of digit span (P=0.024) and total IQ score(P=0.027) between the two groups.Conclusions Treatment of STH infection with albendazoleimproved cognitive function of children in comprehension, codingand digit span testing. Performance and full IQ scores were alsoimproved after treatment. [Paediatr lndones. 2012;52:99-105].

scholarly journals Ferric sodium edetate therapy in children with iron deficiency anemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Christie Moningkey ◽  
Max F.J. Mantik ◽  
Vivekenanda Pateda
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Excess Iron ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is frequentlyfound in school-aged children. The main treatments for IDAare overcoming the causal factors and iron supplementation.Noncompliance in taking iron tablets and the possibility of ironabsorbtion or transport difficulties, can reduce efficacy of daily oraliron supplementation. Because excess iron storage in the intestinalcells can lead to mucosal blockage, twice weekly oral iron therapymay be considered instead of daily dosage.Objective To compare the effects of daily vs. twice weekly ferricsodium edetate (NaFeEDTA) on hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit(Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscularhemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobinconcentration (MCHC) levels on children with IDA.MethodsWe conducted an open-label, randomized, prospectivestudy in 36 children with IDA aged 5-11 years. Subjects weredivided into two groups. For a one-month period, group I receiveddaily iron therapy (NaFeEDTA) and group II received twiceweekly iron therapy. Examinations of Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHCwere performed before and after iron therapy.Results There were no significant differences in Hb, Ht, MCV,MCH or MCHC levels after therapy between the daily and twiceweekly NaFeEDTA groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion Twice weekly NaFeEDTA therapy is as effective asdaily NaFeEDTA administration in children with IDA.

Rate of occupational leg swelling is greater in the morning than in the afternoon

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Q Belczak ◽  
J M P de Godoy ◽  
R N Ramos ◽  
M A de Oliveira ◽  
S Q Belczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of occupational leg swelling depending on the time period of the working day. Volumetric variations of the legs of 70 hospital employees, enrolled in three groups, were evaluated. Group I: 35 morning shift workers; Group II: 35 afternoon shift workers; and Group III: 15 individuals randomly selected from Groups I and II, who were evaluated on the day they worked 12 hours consecutively. Volumetry was performed before and after each shift for both legs of the participants in Groups I and II. For Group III volumetry was performed early in the morning, at noon and in the evening. For statistical analysis, the Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used with an alpha error of 5% being considered acceptable ( P value < 0.05). Significant increases in volume were recorded for the limbs in all three groups ( P value < 0.001). On comparing Groups I and II, the accumulation of fluids was significantly higher in the morning than in the afternoon ( P value < 0.003). Asymptomatic workers may present with oedema of the legs during their work with the rate of oedema being different for morning and afternoon shifts. The possibility of wearing compression stockings should be considered for this type of work.

Comparison between three protocols of corneal collagen crosslinking in adults with progressive keratoconus: Standard versus accelerated CXL for keratoconus

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097263
Author(s):  
Boris Beloshevski ◽  
Sagi Shashar ◽  
Michael Mimouni ◽  
Victor Novack ◽  
Boris E Malyugin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corneal Collagen Crosslinking ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Corneal Collagen ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism

Objective: The study aimed to compare eye outcomes between the standard and accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) protocols over a 1-year follow-up, and assess whether the accelerated protocols are non-inferior to the standard. Methods: A retrospective cohort study including patients older than 18 years diagnosed with progressive keratoconus who underwent a CXL procedure. The primary outcome was defined as an increase of more than 1.5 diopter (D) in Kmax. The analysis included intra- and inter-group comparisons assessing differences in eye characteristics before and 12 months after the procedure. Furthermore, we assessed whether the accelerated procedures were non-inferior to the standard regarding Kmax change after 12 months. Results: Eighty-four patients included in the study of which 23, 37 and 23 underwent the standard CXL (group I), 10-min. (group II) and the 3-min. (group III) accelerated procedures, respectively. Intra-group comparison before and after 12 months of mean Ksteep and anterior corneal astigmatism showed significant improvement only for group I (–0.3D decrease for both). Inter-group comparison showed better results after 12 months for group I (–0.9 ± 1.2) compared to group III (0.1 ± 0.8) in Ksteep, Kmean (–0.5+1. vs 0.1+0.7, respectively) and anterior astigmatism (–0.5 + 0.9 vs 0.3+1.1, respectively). We could not declare that the accelerated CXLs are non-inferior to the standard ( p-value = 0.11 and 0.15). Conclusion: The standard CXL showed better results for keratometry and astigmatism in comparison with the accelerated. Therefore, the wide use of the accelerated CXL should be considered and reviewed for longer follow-up time and larger sample size in focus on the visual acuity parameters.

scholarly journals Acute effects of coffee on neurocognitive function: an electroencephalography network analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayom Kim ◽  
Sung Hoon Kang ◽  
Soon Ho Kim ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Jihyeon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying effects of coffee on cognition in the context of brain networks. Here we investigated functional connectivity before and after drinking coffee using graph theoretical analysis of electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty-one healthy adults voluntarily participated in this study. The neuropsychological tests were consecutively performed at the start of the EEG recording and 30 min after coffee consumption. Graph analyses were performed and compared before and after coffee consumption. Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between changes in graph measures and those in cognitive function tests. FC was reorganized toward more efficient network properties after coffee consumption. Performance in Digit Span tests and Trail Making Test Part B improved after coffee consumption, and the improved performance in executive function was correlated with changes in graph measures, reflecting a shift toward efficient network properties. The beneficial effects of coffee on cognitive function might be attributed to the reorganization of FC toward more efficient network properties. Based on our findings, the patterns of network reorganization could be used as quantitative markers to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of coffee on cognition, especially executive function.

Abstract 12650: Unexpected Response to Atrial Fibrillation Reduction in Patients With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Assadi ◽  
Hossein Shenasa ◽  
Shahriar Heidary ◽  
Mohammad Shenasa
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is known to improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function and symptoms of systolic heart failure. The effect of CRT on atrial fibrillation (AF) burden is less clarified. Methods: 18 patients mean age of 77 ± 11 (72% male) underwent CRT implantations. There were no changes to concomitant anti-arrhythmic medication and permanent AF patients were excluded. Echocardiograms were obtained six month before and after device implantation. LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end diastolic dimension (LVEDd), left atrial (LA) dimension, and magnitude of mitral regurgitation (MR) were measured by echocardiogram before and after CRT. The burden of AF was evaluated by 24-hour Holter monitoring before and by device arrhythmic log after implantation. There were no concomitant medication changes. The results were later divided into presence (Group I) and absence (Group II) of paroxysmal or persistent AF. No patient was in permanent AF at the time of CRT implantation. Results: LVEF improved after CRT in both groups. Patients with AF showed the most beneficial effects of LVEF with average improvement of 41% (P-value=0.004) in comparison to 13% improvement in patients without AF (P-value=0.044). The LVEDd was improved by 11.9% in patients with AF (P-value=0.01) while it was improved by only 5.6% in patients without AF (P-value=0.08). LA Dimension was decreased by 4.4% in patients with AF (P-value=0.038). MR was reduced on average from moderate to mild for both groups. The number of AF episodes and duration of the AF were also decreased in all of our AF patients. The pre and post effect of CRT in patients with and without AF is shown in the table below: Conclusions: The AF burden in patients who received CRT was significantly reduced. There were excellent correlations between improvement of LVEF, LVEDd, LA dimension, and AF burden. This may be due to LV and LA remodeling. Further studies need to elaborate the mechanisms of this finding.

scholarly journals Drinking coffee enhances neurocognitive function by reorganizing brain functional connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayom Kim ◽  
Sung Hoon Kang ◽  
Soon Ho Kim ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Jihyeon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Improved Performance

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying effects of coffee on cognition in the context of brain networks. Here we investigated functional connectivity before and after drinking coffee using graph-theoretic analysis of electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty-one healthy adults voluntarily participated in this study. The resting-state EEG data and results of neuropsychological tests were consecutively acquired before and 30 min after coffee consumption. Graph analyses were performed and compared before and after coffee consumption. Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between changes in graph measures and those in cognitive function tests. Functional connectivity (FC) was reorganized toward more efficient network properties after coffee consumption. Performance in Digit Span tests and Trail Making Test Part B improved after coffee consumption, and the improved performance in executive function was correlated with changes in graph measures, reflecting a shift toward efficient network properties. The beneficial effects of coffee on cognitive function might be attributed to the reorganization of FC toward more efficient network properties. Based on our findings, the patterns of network reorganization could be used as quantitative markers to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of coffee on cognition, especially executive function.

scholarly journals Effects of a moderate intensity aerobic exercise on serum levels of BDNF, DCX, and DBHB in triathlon male adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-96
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Factors ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: Various serum factors in response to aerobic exercise improve cognitive function in healthy individuals; nonetheless, the effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on their levels has not been studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of a moderate intensity aerobic exercise on serum levels of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Doublecortin (DCX), and D-β-hydroxybutyrate (DBHB) in triathlon male adolescents in Tuyserkan. Materials and Methods: A total of 22 triathlon male adolescents (age: 17.60±0.52 years, weight: 60.74±4.96 kg, height: 175.60±5.52 cm) voluntarily participated in this quasi-experimental study. Subjects in one session performed 60 minutes of running with an intensity of 12-13 on the Borg scale. Blood samples were taken from the subjects 5 min before and after training. Serum levels of BDNF, DCX and DBHB were measured by ELISA. To analyze the data, paired samples t-test was used, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In addition, the percentage of changes was compared to pre-test. Results: Based on the results, the serum levels of DCX (P=0.0005), BDNF (P=0.0005), and DBHB (P=0.001) increased significantly, compared to those in the pretest. Furthermore, serum levels of BDNF (21.30%), DBHB (12.95%) and DCX (12.01%) had the highest increase, as compared to the pretest, respectively. Conclusion: All three serum factors BDNF, DCX, and DBHB have a significant positive response to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in triathlon male adolescents. Nevertheless, neurotrophin/growth factor BDNF demonstrates more changes and appears to play a greater role in neuroprotection, improving memory, learning, and cognitive function.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN JUS TOMAT DAN JUS JERUK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN ANEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Neila Sulung
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Test Result

<p><em>Anemia in pregnancy is a condition to a decrease in hemoglobin. Most of anemia is iron deficiency anemia (Fe) which can be caused by the consumption of iron that is less than the food. The prevalence of anemia at Public Health Center Nilam Sari Bukittinggi are 39.5%. The aims of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tomato juice and orange juice to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with the quasi experiment study design using two group pretest postetst. Research has been conducted at Public with 20 sample by using purposive sampling technic. Test conducted with T-Test Dependent. Results of the study group I showed an average increase in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women before and after the intervention of 1.17. Statistical test result p value=0.004 (p&lt;0.05), we conclude tomato juice at effectively increase hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. The second group also showed an increase in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women before and after the intervention of 0.63. Statistical test result p value=0.001 (p&lt;0.05), conclude orange juice effectively increase hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Tomato juice and orange effective  to increase hemoglobin levels to pregnant women with anemia. It is expected that the health clinic to provide health education on complementer therapies that can help increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women, one of which is a combination therapy of tomato juice or orange juice.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords: </strong>tomato juice, orange Juice, pregnant women, hemoglobin</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Combination Irrigant Technique for Debris Removal in Simulated Canal Irregularities: An in vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
S Dhivyalakshmi ◽  
◽  
N Velmurugan ◽  
G Lakshmanan ◽  
L Karthik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Before And After

Aim: To evaluate the debridement efficacy of different irrigation systems in simulated canal irregularities. Study Design and Setting: About sixty maxillary central incisors were selected and after chemomechanical preparation were split longitudinally into two halves. Each groove and depression were filled with dentine debris mixed with 2.5 % NaOCl to simulate a situation where dentine debris accumulates in the un-instrumented extensions of the root canal. Materials and Methods: The specimens were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups as follows: Group I - Conventional Needle Irrigation, Group II - Apical Negative Pressure Irrigation (EndoVac), Group III - Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and Group IV - Combination Irrigation (EV+PUI). 9 ml of 2.5 % NaOCl, 9 ml of 17 % EDTA and 9 ml of saline was used for the final irrigation protocol. Images were taken before and after irrigation using PRIMA DNT surgical microscope with digital camera. Statistical Analysis: The intergroup and individual comparison of percentage reduction of debris in groove and depressions were carried out by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests respectively. The intergroup comparison for different scoring criteria was compared using Pearson’s chi-square tests. Differences were considered statistically significant at P value < 0.05. Results: The combination group, EV group and PUI group showed better removal of debris in Groove and Depressions than Conventional needle irrigation group. The Combination group had significant reduction of debris at 2 mm level when compared to all the other groups. Conclusion: The effectiveness of this combination irrigant delivery system for smear layer removal and antibacterial efficacy have to be evaluated further in future clinical studies

scholarly journals The Effect of Elderly Cognitive Care on the Cognitive Function and Physical Activity of Elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Hyan Oktodia Basuki ◽  
Joni Haryanto ◽  
Tiyas Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Wilcoxon Sign Rank

Background. The process of aging causes various health problems namely the physiological changes of the elderly. The increase in number of elderly is directly proportional to the problems of elderly, including the decreased cognitive function and physical activity. This phenomenon is most commonly found in people over the age of 60 years, but also can attack the age of 40 years.  Methods. type of research using quantitative research with quasi experimental pre-posttest design. The Sampling method uses non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The sample of this research is 62 elderly, divided into treatment and control groups in Puskesmas Jetak Tuban. The questionnaire in this research uses MMSE for cognitive function and Index katz for physical activity. The research was conducted from March to April 2018. Results. the statistical test results uses wilcoxon sign rank test obtained significant values of cognitive function intervention group and physical activity variables, before and after given the intervention, the Elderly Cognitive Care has a calculated value Z= -4.32 and Z = -3.94 with significant value α = 0.00. This result means if value of p value ≤0.05, then the hypothesis is accepted, this means that there is influence of Elderly Cognitive Care to cognitive function and physical activity of elderly in Puskesmas Jetak Tuban. Conclusion. There is an enhancement in cognitive function and physical activity in the elderly, after being given Elderly Cognitive Care. This intervention can be used as management for the elderly against the reduction in cognitive function and physical activity.

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