scholarly journals Phonetic Level of the Text as the Interpretation Determinant

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
I.N. Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Conceptual Systems ◽  
Dominant Meaning ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
Text Understanding ◽  
Absolute Identity ◽  
Text Content

I.N. Dyachenko. Phonetic Level of the Text as the Interpretation Determinant. The article deals with modern paradigms of the text analysis. The text is considered the result of speech activity. The speech activity is an indispensable part of any individual’s activity. Recently, linguistics emphasizes that language is the way of representation of an individual’s mentality and consciousness. The text understanding is based on the system of concepts. As a result, the perception of the author’s idea is possible. The following approach is topical in the original text analysis. The interpreter is reconstructing the original text content within the frameworks of his/her own conceptual system. We have to mention that the absolute identity of the conceptual systems of the author and the interpreter is impossible because of their uniqueness. In cross-cultural translation the interpreter has to get the dominant meaning, emotive and phonosemantic content of the original text.

TRANSLATION AS MENTAL INTERPRETATION ACTIVITY IN LINGUISTICS AND LITERATURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Svitlana Gruschko
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Cross Language

In the article the phenomenon of translation is regarded as mental interpretation activity not only in linguistics, but also in literary criticism. The literary work and its translation are most vivid guides to mental and cultural life of people, an example of intercultural communication. An adequate perception of non-native culture depends on communicators’ general fund of knowledge. The essential part of such fund of knowledge is native language, and translation, being a mediator, is a means of cross-language and cross-cultural communication. Mastering another language through literature, a person is mastering new world and its culture. The process of literary texts’ translation requires language creativity of the translator, who becomes so-called “co-author” of the work. Translation activity is a result of the interpreter’s creativity and a sort of language activity: language units are being selected according to language units of the original text. This kind of approach actualizes linguistic researching of real translation facts: balance between language and speech units of the translated work (i.e. translationinterpretation, author’s made-up words, or revised language peculiarities of the characters). The process of literary translation by itself should be considered within the dimension of a dialogue between cultures. Such a dialogue takes place in the frame of different national stereotypes of thinking and communicational behavior, which influences mutual understanding between the communicators with the help of literary work being a mediator. So, modern linguistics actualizes the research of language activities during the process of literary work’s creating. This problem has to be studied furthermore, it can be considered as one of the central ones to be under consideration while dealing with cultural dimension of the translation process, including the process of solving the problems of cross-cultural communication.

A cross-cultural study of fictional and non-fictional text understanding

Poetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Halász ◽  
Mick Short ◽  
Ágnes Varga
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Text Understanding ◽  
Cross Cultural Study

scholarly journals Content analytics for curriculum review: A learning analytics use case for exploration of learner context

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah P. Macfadyen
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Student Writing ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Curriculum Analysis ◽  
Curriculum Review ◽  
Curriculum Renewal ◽  
Text Content ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Curriculum analysis is a core component of curriculum renewal. Traditional approaches to curriculum analysis are manual, slow and subjective, but some studies have suggested that text analysis might usefully be employed for exploration of curriculum. This concise paper outlines a pilot use case of content analytics to support curriculum review and analysis. I have co-opted Quantext – a relatively user-friendly text analysis tool designed to help educators explore student writing – for analysis of the text content of the 17 courses in our online master’s program. Quantext computed descriptive metrics and readability indices for each course and identified top keywords and ngrams per course. Compilation and comparison of these revealed frequent curricular topics and networks of thematic relationships between courses, in ways that both individual educators and curriculum committees can interpret and use for decision-making. Future Quantext features will allow even more sophisticated identification of curricular gaps and redundancies.

Creating metaphor in context

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kövecses
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Systems Change ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Conceptual Systems ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Universal Nature

The issue of context has been, in the main, neglected in cognitive linguistic and much other work on how conceptual systems change and vary. In most recent work on conceptual systems, the issues of embodied cognition and the universal nature of cognitive operations have been emphasized. By contrast, my major goal in this paper is to attempt to characterize some of the contextual factors that are involved in shaping the conceptual system. My focus will be on metaphorical concepts, as well as on the interaction between metaphorical aspects of the conceptual system and contextual factors. I also suggest that the different conceptual factors do not mechanically and automatically lead to differences in the metaphorical conceptualization of a concept. Instead, they can affect non-metaphorical aspects of concepts.

Development and validation of the Mental-Physical Verb Norms (MPVN): A Text Analysis Measure of Mental State Attribution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Isaac Orr ◽  
michael gilead
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Mental State Attribution ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Normative Ratings ◽  
Development And Validation

Attribution of mental states to self and others, i.e., mentalizing, is central to human life. Current measures are lacking in ability to directly gauge the extent of individuals engage in spontaneous mentalizing. Focusing on natural language use as an expression of inner psychological processes, we developed the Mental-Physical Verb Norms (MPVN). These norms are participant-derived ratings of the extent to which common verbs reflect mental (opposite physical) activities and occurrences, covering ~80% of all verbs appearing within a given English text. Content validity was assessed against existing expert-compiled dictionaries of mental states and cognitive processes, as well as against normative ratings of verb concreteness. Criterion Validity was assessed through natural text analysis of internet comments relating to mental health vs. physical health. Results showcase the unique contribution of the MPVN ratings as a measure of the degree to which individuals adopt the intentional stance in describing targets, by describing both self and others in mental, opposite physical terms. We discuss potential uses for future research across various psychological and neurocognitive disciplines.

RENDERING OF THE CONCEPTUAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE MORAL AND ETHICAL DISCOURSE OF THE ENGLISH DYSTOPIAN NOVEL IN UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (31) ◽  
pp. 435-452
Author(s):  
Olena Velychenko ◽  
Yevheniia Shylova
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Ethical Component ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the problem of reflecting the picture of the world of English social dystopia and its moral and ethical component in the author’s idiosyncrasy, as well as ways of its reproduction in modern translation into Ukrainian. The urgency of this issue is dictated by the dynamism and variability of society, the processes of globalization and integration of states and nations, the need to find a common language in intercultural communication, solving common problems, finding compromises through faithful cross-cultural communication, interaction and cooperation. Within the framework of the research a comprehensive translation analysis was made, which allowed to outline the concepts related to the conceptual picture of the world and moral and ethical discourse of the dystopian novel, to find out and compare the features of authorial and translational transferring of the conceptual picture of the world in moral and ethical discourse in Ukrainian translation, as well as to characterize its tactical and strategic basis and translation operations. To reproduce the culturologically complicated, but conceptually important components of the picture of the world in the dystopian novel, it is necessary to adhere to the principles of “flexibility” and “combinatoriality” in the selection of translation operations for faithful rendering of these components. It is established that the correctness and faithfulness of rendering of the conceptual picture of the world in the dystopian novel is possible due to the holistic-situational perception and translation of the original text, wide subject and rich background knowledge of the translator, his/her creative intuition, pragmatic adaptation of the source text using logical and semantic, cross-cultural and occasional ways of solving the problem and adherence to an objective tactical and strategic approach in translation.

Leveraging Python to Process Cross-Cultural Temperament Interviews: A Novel Platform for Text Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Underwood ◽  
Cornelia Kirchhoff ◽  
Haven Warwick ◽  
Maria A. Gartstein
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Do So

During childhood, parents represent the most commonly used source of their child’s temperament information and, typically, do so by responding to questionnaires. Despite their wide-ranging applications, interviews present notorious data reduction challenges, as quantification of narratives has proven to be a labor-intensive process. However, for the purposes of this study, the labor-intensive nature may have conferred distinct advantages. The present study represents a demonstration project aimed at leveraging emerging technologies for this purpose. Specifically, we used Python natural language processing capabilities to analyze semistructured temperament interviews conducted with U.S. and German mothers of toddlers, expecting to identify differences between these two samples in the frequency of words used to describe individual differences, along with some similarities. Two different word lists were used: (a) a set of German personality words and (b) temperament-related words extracted from the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ). Analyses using the German trait word demonstrated that mothers from Germany described their toddlers as significantly more “cheerful” and “careful” compared with U.S. caregivers. According to U.S. mothers, their children were more “independent,” “emotional,” and “timid.” For the ECBQ analysis, German mothers described their children as “calm” and “careful” more often than U.S. mothers. U.S. mothers, however, referred to their children as “upset,” “happy,” and “frustrated” more frequently than German caregivers. The Python code developed herein illustrates this software as a viable research tool for cross-cultural investigations.

Simple and EuroWordNet

Terminology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Vouros ◽  
Eugenia Eumeridou
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Conceptual Systems ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Ontological Framework ◽  
Organizational Principles

Since concepts are the starting point of all terminological work, it follows that the development of a terminological base should place the main emphasis on the development of a conceptual system. The major objective of the PROMETHEUS project was the development of a generic ontological framework for the design of conceptual systems that would support searching, exploring and navigating multilingual terminological bases, at least for the European languages. Such a framework must provide the necessary semantic distinctions for structuring conceptual systems in specific domains in order to solve semantic problems inherent in linguistic ontologies and to provide a common ontological backbone for sharing and exploiting multilingual terminologies. The paper compares and reports on two well-established ontological frameworks for the development of multilingual resources for the European languages: EuroWordNet (EWN) and SIMPLE top ontologies. It investigates the correspondences between these frameworks, their underlying principles and their suitability to serve as organizational backbones in terminological knowledge bases. Finally, the paper concludes with a description of the implemenetation of the framework, which is based on the organizational principles underlying these multilingual resources.

scholarly journals Behavior of adolescents in the digital educational environment: Definition of concepts and formulation of the problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Viktor I. Panov ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Borisenko ◽  
Ksenia V. Mironova ◽  
Svetlana V. Shishkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Text Content

The relevance of the problem of adolescent behavior in the digital educational environment is conditioned by acceleration of education digitalization processes, which participate in the formation of a new type of behavior, i.e. digital behavior, that is defined as a system of actions associated with the use of the digital environment. The purpose of the present work is to investigate the current state of this problem and outline the prospects for its further study on the basis of the analysis and generalization of Russian and foreign sources. We employ the methods of theoretical analysis, systematization of the results of relevant psychological and pedagogical studies and the retrospective analysis of key concepts. We also present the general conceptual system of the research area under study and the genesis and semantics of the terms: information behavior, digital behavior, educational environment, digital educational environment (DEE). The study has revealed the process of transformation of views on the educational environment and the difference between the digital environment and the pre-digital one. The problem area of DEE study has been indicated: positive and negative effects of DEE implementation, psychological reasons for rejecting innovations, psychological safety of the educational environment and design of the effective DEE. We have also investigated the problem of full scale use of digital educational platforms and services in Russian schools to improve the quality of the learning process, including distance learning. We have considered the sources and methods of researching digital behavior, i.e. digital psychometrics based on the analysis of “digital footpri nts”. Unlike most works that study deviant behavior of adolescents, our work focuses on normative, pro-social behavior. We have taken into consideration such problems as behavior of schoolchildren on different digital educational platforms, digital multitasking, interaction of adolescents with electronic text content, stages of subjectivity formation in the digital educational space, which are relevant for the study.

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