scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY: HOW TRUST DETERMINES SECURITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-149
Author(s):  
Marya I. Cherepanova ◽  
Svetlana G. Maximova ◽  
Sydysmaa A. Saryglar
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
The Social

The scientific significance of studying security problems in regional societies is determined by the need to reveal its actual components. Such complex indicator as social capital includes basic indicators of the functioning of civil society: social responsibility, activity, civic initiative, etc. The social capital formed in society induces generalized trust. At the same time, institutional trust contributes to the legitimization of legal and political institutions. The purpose of this article is to describe the social mechanism of interdependence of components of social capital and generalized trust that form a sense of security in the region. The article summarizes expert assessments that indicate heterogeneity of institutional systems, which are indicators of low coherence of the social order and form a low level of trust and, consequently, security in the Altai territory. It is concluded that for modern Russian society, as well as for its regions, the problem of regenerating generalized trust as a social background for optimizing post-industrial transformations is extremely significant. Stability of the active role of social institutions, the reproduction of spiritual values, such as the common good, inter-ethnic tolerance, social justice are among most important factors restoring social trust.

scholarly journals SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION AS INDICATOR OF SECURITY AND TRUST IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Maria I. Cherepanova ◽  
Anastasiya A. Gorbunova ◽  
Syldysmaa A. Saryglar
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Regional Authorities

The relevance of scientific understanding of security in the context of a crisis of generalized trust in Russian society is justified by the search for significant indicators of its interdependence. The scientific discourse of the study of subjective assessments of social well-being allows us to predict the dynamics of these phenomena. The purpose of this article is to identify the optimal socio-economic context, as well as the effectiveness of the regional authorities, which are a necessary condition for optimizing the social well-being of citizens, as one of the basic components of the stability of the region's functioning. The analysis of the basic components of the social well-being of the population of the Altai territory in the context of the analysis of generalized trust in the basic social institutions of the region is presented. On the basis of structural-functional and neo-evolutionist approaches, the role of trust as a basic construct of the social order of functioning of the regional community is revealed. Conclusions are made that the set of assessments of the cognitive and emotional level of sensations indicates that most of the inhabitants of the region have a low estimate of the potential of social institutions responsible for the safety of life in the region.

scholarly journals Does Participation in Social Networks Foster Trust and Respect for Other People—Evidence from Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Łopaciuk-Gonczaryk
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

A shortage of social capital may hinder sustainable development. According to the “social capital dream” there is a virtuous circle between participation in social networks, trust, and cooperation. It is a promising idea for proponents of sustainability, as it is easier to promote participation than affect social norms. Participation may, however, lead to particularized and not generalized trust, which hinders social inclusion and undermines the idea of a sustainable society. The aim of this paper is to validate the role of participation in informal and formal social networks in enhancing social trust and respect towards others. The relevance of both strong and weak ties is considered. Fixed-effects modeling on three-wave data from a Polish social survey is utilized. An increase in generalized trust corresponds with an increase in the acquaintances network, a decrease in the family and friends network, and an increase in volunteering. A rise in expectations about the cooperativeness of others is enhanced by an increase in the family and friends network, and by volunteering. The lack of respect for some groups of people is not affected by participation in organizations and informal networks. Overall within-person heterogeneity is small, suggesting that possibilities for fostering moral trust by participation are limited.

Spinoza and the Politics of Freedom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social

Taking as its starting point the formative role of fear in Spinoza’s thought, this book argues that Spinoza’s vision of human freedom and power is realised socially and collectively. It presents a new critical study of the collectivist Spinoza, wherein we can become freer through desire, friendship, the imagination, and transforming the social institutions that structure a given community. A freedom for one and all, attuned to the vicissitudes of human life and the capabilities of each one of us to live up to the demands and constraints of our limited autonomy. It repositions Spinoza as the central thinker of desire and freedom, and demonstrates how the conflicts within his work inform contemporary theoretical discussions around democracy, populism and power. Spinoza’s politics and their development are analysed both philosophically and historically. The argument approaches Spinoza’s texts critically, presenting new findings from the Latin. It critically engages with diverse hermeneutic traditions in Spinoza studies, from continental readings of Spinoza’s ontology and politics to more analytical or historicist Anglophone approaches to his epistemology and metaphysics, alongside recent work sensitive to the socially useful roles of the imagination and the affects. The book sets out new concepts to work through with Spinoza like commonality, collectivity, unanimity and interdependence, and analyses existing debates around democracy, the multitude, slavery and autonomy. Its overarching claim is that freedom in Spinoza is a necessarily political endeavour, realised by individuals acting cooperatively, requiring the development of socio-political institutions and communal imaginings that can realise the common good.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Meunasah-based Sharia in Aceh: A Social Capital and Islamic Law Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Abidin Nurdin ◽  
Fajri M. Kasim ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Mahmuddin Daud
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Social Capital

This research examined meunasah as the social capital in implementing Islamic law in Aceh. It aimed to explain the social capital of meunasah concerning its role and functions in supporting the Islamic law implementation in Aceh. This research has its root in studying the sociology of law, emphasizing the empirical legal analysis within the society. The researchers used social capital, which consisted of cognitive and structural aspects as a theoretical framework, and interviews, literature study, and observation, as the data collection methods. This study found that meunasah had a central position in Acehnese society as a center for religious activities, a place to learn the Qur’an, social activities, and as a customary institution. Since time immemorial, meunasah has played a central role as a center for community activities at the gampong level. Even though meunasah had transformed itself into a mosque in urban areas, its function and role remained as a place for internalizing the Islamic law principles, as a medium for socializing Islamic law, and as a center for religious, social activities. This study argues that meunasah can still be the ‘glue’ of social networks with its religious, social, and customary values as a cognitive, social capital. On another side, imuem meunasah can be considered a structural social capital. Meunasah, as part of social institutions, can support social order and order, which is a social function of law. Without the support of meunasah as a cognitive social capital, the researchers argue that Islamic law will be difficult to be internalized in society.

A successful person, society and civic activism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1816
Author(s):  
G.B. Kozyreva ◽  
T.V. Morozova ◽  
R.V. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Person Model ◽  
Social Disparity

Subject. The article provides considerations on the formation and development of a successful person model in the modern Russian society. Objectives. The study is an attempt to model a successful person in the Russian society, when the ideological subsystem of the institutional matrix is changing. Methods. The study relies upon the theory of institutional matrices by S. Kirdina, theories of human and social capital. We focus on the assumption viewing a person as a carrier of social capital, which conveys a success, socio-economic position, social status, civic activism, doing good to your family and the public, confidence in people and association with your region. The empirical framework comprises data of the sociological survey of the Russian population in 2018. The data were processed through the factor analysis. Results. We devised a model of a successful person in today's Russian society, which reveals that a success, first of all, depends on the economic wellbeing and has little relation to civic activism. The potential involvement (intention, possibility, preparedness) in the social and political life significantly dominates the real engagement of people. The success has a frail correlation with constituents of the social capital, such as confidence in people and doing good to the public. Conclusions and Relevance. Based on the socio-economic wellbeing, that is consumption, the existing model of a successful person proves to be ineffective. The sustainability of socio-economic wellbeing seriously contributes to the social disparity of opportunities, which drive a contemporary Russian to a success in life.

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ РОССИЙСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО КАК ПРОСТРАНСТВО КОНФЛИКТА

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
V. V. Gorshkova ◽  
A. A. Melnikova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Russian

The article considers the contradictions and conflicts that are characteristic of modern Russian society. The processes of social disintegration are analyzed and interpreted as a result of fundamental social and economic transformations. The problems of economic inequality are presented in the historical perspective in close connection with the previous stages of Russia's socioeconomic development. Significant polarization of the population is one of the most significant conflict factors in modern society, which leads to an increase in protest moods and may in the long term threaten social upheavals. Nevertheless, dissatisfaction with the socio-economic situation does not lead to ideas of the unification and consolidation of society, but find expression in social conflicts. The emergence and development of social conflicts is influenced by a number of factors: economic, ethnic, religious. One of the most important characteristics of society is its social structure. After the collapse of the USSR, the previous social structure was abolished, and a new social reality was formed in Russia. When considering the stratification structure of society, most attention is paid to the middle class, which is considered the backbone of a stable society. The middle class in Russia is in the stage of formation, it is hardly possible to speak of a complete analogy with the middle class of Western society. The share of middle class in society can be estimated in different ways depending on the methodological approaches used by researchers. An important consequence of the transformation of the social structure was the problem of marginalization, since the dismantling of the old social structure and the slow formation of the new one put the social status and place in the division of labor system of many individuals into question. The sharp impoverishment of representatives of prestigious professions led to a reassessment of their situation, especially for the younger generation. When analyzing the origins of social conflicts in modern Russian society, it is necessary to consider the issue of the attitude of the broad masses of the population to power and national elites. It should be noted that power in Russia historically takes shape around specific leaders and does not have an institutional character. The most significant factor shaping the attitude towards the authorities and the elite in general in Russian society are the economic results of the market reforms that have taken place. Only a small part of the population believes that they won as a result of the changes that have taken place, the natural consequence of which is the population's distrust of the authorities and, in general, political institutions.

scholarly journals The Perceived Impact of Social Networking Sites and Apps on the Social Capital of Saudi Postgraduate Students: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Abdulelah A. Alghamdi ◽  
Margaret Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

With the increased use of Social Networking Sites and Apps (SNSAs) in Saudi Arabia, it is important to consider the impact of this on the social lives of tertiary students, who are heavy users of such technology. A mixed methods study exploring the effect of SNSAs use on the social capital of Saudi postgraduate students was conducted using a multidimensional construct of social capital, which included the components of life satisfaction, social trust, civic participation, and political engagement. Data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 313 male and 293 female postgraduate students from Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Makkah. Findings show that male and female participants perceived SNSAs use impacting all components of social capital at a moderate and mainly positive level. Correlational analysis demonstrated medium to large positive correlations among components of social capital. Gender differences were not evident in the life satisfaction and social trust components; however, females reported more involvement with SNSAs for the purposes of political engagement while males reported more use for civic participation, which is an interesting finding, in light of the norms and traditional culture of Saudi society.

Social trust, norms and morality

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Popper
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe article approaches the topic of social trust from an evolutionary perspective. It begins by summarising the most influential approaches that have defined specific and social trust and ascertains what causes differences in degrees of trust and how the potential risk of deception might be lowered. It then notes that the basis of morality had already been formed during the era of prehistoric man, who was able to create coalitions against aggressors and to socially control the behaviour of deviants. It points out, however, that having a certain predisposition to behaving cooperatively or an increased sensitivity to recognising and not tolerating behaviour aimed at abusing cooperation is not a sufficient guarantee of the fact that people will always (or at least in the majority of situations) favour cooperation over deception. One of the reasons for this is a tendency to favour short-term gains over long-term ones. The article argues that establishing norms (moral, social and legal) produces a higher level of social trust because it not only “encourages” individuals to behave in certain ways in particular situations but also works as a sanction which “discourages” the individual from socially deviant behaviour. The article then focuses on a debate about the causal relationship between social trust and social capital. It discusses the suggestion that political institutions, government and the judiciary may reduce rather than raise levels of social capital and consequently also the level of social trust. This is partly because of their powerful position and the consequent scope for corruption and partly because of the fact that even when attempting to act honestly, representatives of these institutions cannot sufficiently reflect upon dynamic change at the local level. Finally, the article ends by adopting the position that social trust is built primarily from bottom up and so it is risky to continually doubt the very existence and usefulness of social norms and morality and to be governed simply by legal norms.

Social capital and the learning organization

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
Wan Idros Wan Sulaiman ◽  
Maizatul Haizan Mahbob ◽  
Shahrul Nazmi Sannusi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test

Department of Information of Malaysia is one of the public organizations directly involved in the provision of information to the public. To ensure that all services rendered acceptable, organizational communication in the Department of Information should be given serious consideration so that each activity can be transformed properly. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess organizational communication in a learning organization in order to see the extent to which employees have a description of social capital and support to the organization of learning activities. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship that is formed through the social interactions between workers and management by integrating the four aspects of social capital, namely social trust, institutional trust, social norms and networking. For this purpose, a total of 190 respondents from the Information Department headquarters staff in Putrajaya was selected for this study. The study uses questionnaires as research tool and analyses key findings using the Pearson correlation test to examine relationships between various aspects. The study also applied social capital theory as the basis of research framework the when analyzing findings. The results showed that staff describe positive social capital within the organization and consider organizational learning as a strategy to improve the performance of the department in the future.

scholarly journals The Integrity of the Territorial Identification of a Person in the Russian Social Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2276-2286
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Order

Purpose of the study: To investigate the sociological dimension of social space structuring under the influence of territorial movements in the era of globalization based on the example of modern Russia. As the methodology for the study, the synthesis of E. Giddens’ theory was structured, its provisions on the topography of social space in the geographical plane. The paradigm of structuralist constructivism of P. Bourdieu was used as well, in which it was relevant for us to analyze habitus as a socio-geographical environment for the formation of institutional strategies of agents of social relationship. Factors that contribute to and hinder the adaptation of personality in the new social environment, were examined based on works by O. Toffler, U. Beck, V.I. Chuprov and Yu.A. Zubok. To determine the mechanism of the genesis and functioning of meanings in the new communicative environment, the authors relied on N. Luman's approach to self-identification and self-conference. In the process of analyzing the nature of trust in the institutional order in the context of globalization, the authors used works by A.V. Ivanov and S.A. Danilova who analyze the mechanisms of formation. The empirical basis for the article was a sociological study conducted on the basis of the Sociological Center of Kutafin Moscow State Law University.The article reveals the features of personality identification in a dynamic environment of interethnic and cross-cultural interactions, structured under the influence of territorial factors. The degree of conformity of the scale, the nature and depth of self-identification in various territorial planes of the social space are determined by the example of modern Russian society. Factors of social integration in the process of the formation of territorial identity both at the institutional level and in everyday life when constructing informal social ties are disclosed. The restrictions of social identification in the regions of Russia are found that prevent the formation of civic identity and responsibility for the reproduction of the social order. The values that determine social integration in cross-cultural interaction are revealed. The results of the study make a significant contribution to the development of methods for determining the causes of the genesis of separatist sentiments and the conditions for designing constructive social participation in various regions. The article is relevant for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as lecturers, involved in the problems of the sociological study of globalization, social space and group identity. The work uses an integral methodology for measuring social processes from the perspective of the subject of action, constructing strategies in the new social environment, and from the perspective of a system that ensures the reproduction of the institutional order.

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