Breeding Strategy of Local Muscovy to Support the Development of Meat Type Duck Industry

<p>Muscovy duck is one of the genetic resources of waterfowl that spreads almost all over Indonesia. Muscovy duck is classified as meat-producer waterfowl, because of its relatively large body weight and better meat quality compared to other waterfowl. Therefore, cross breeding between Muscovy and ducks were often conducted by farmers to produce offspring with large body weight in order to anticipate the higher demand for duck meat. If this crossing pattern has been widely adopted by breeders, it will require a larger number of Muscovy duck. Whereas, currently the population of Muscovy is relatively low and no breeding system exists both at the community farm level or industrial level. Therefore, a development program of local Muscovy duck, especially its breeding program needs to be done immediately. As an information material to facilitate the preparation of the program, this paper describes factors that affect the breeding program including production performance and reproduction, as well as the breeding strategy of Muscovy duck as candidates of male line to form special type of meat type ducks through 3 groups of livestock breeds in the shape of a conical triangle at the top. The top position was the pure stock (nucleus), the middle was the parent stock (multiplier) and the bottom was the commercial stock. The genetic quality of livestock flows from the top position to the bottom and cannot be the other way around, because the breeding system is closed in the pure stock (nucleus).</p>

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Genetic parameters and genotype–environment interactions of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) in Fujian Province

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2013-0427 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 582-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Liming Bian ◽

Jisen Shi ◽

Renhua Zheng ◽

Jinhui Chen ◽

Harry X. Wu

Keyword(s):

Genetic Parameters ◽

Breeding Strategy ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Fujian Province ◽

The Third ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Sib Families

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) is the most commercially important conifer in China, and the Nanjing Forestry University – Fujian Province Chinese fir Cooperation (NJFU – Fujian Cooperation) breeding program has advanced it into the third cycle of selection and breeding. In this paper, we estimated genetic parameters from four sites for 80 half-sib families and summarized previous estimates of genetic parameters in Chinese fir with an objective to propose optimal breeding strategy. Heritability averaged 0.20 and 0.14 for height and diameter at breast height (DBH), respectively, for the four sites. A significant genotype–environment interaction (G × E) for growth was also observed among the four sites, with the greatest interactions between a marginal site and the three central sites in the Fujian Province Chinese fir plantation region. The average estimated type-B genetic correlation between the marginal site and the three central sites was 0.08 for height and –0.09 for DBH. However, the highly productive families were among the most stable across the four sites. The results from this study in combination with summarized genetic parameters from literature were used to discuss and propose an optimal breeding strategy for the third generation of the breeding program for Chinese firs in Fujian Province.

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SAPU-SAPU FISH (Hyposarcus pardalis) AS A SINGLE PROTEIN SOURCE FOR LAYING MOJOSARI DUCKS

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.41.3.117-124 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 117-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. Indarsih ◽

A. Asnawi ◽

D. K. Purnamasari

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Production Performance ◽

Protein Source ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Egg Number ◽

Single Protein

The present study was conducted to evaluate the optimum level of dietary inclusion and the form of feeding sapu-sapu fish (SSF) as a single protein source for feed components of small holder Mojosari duck farming. A total of 180 twenty four wk-old laying ducks were fed with two forms (sun-dried and ground-fresh) and three levels of SSF (10, 20 and 30%) from 24 to 32 wk of age. Experimental diets were formulated containing 105.1; 141.5 and 177.9 g/kg crude protein and 3078; 3065 and 3052 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) /kg diet. Production performance and egg quality were measured. The form of SSF had a significant effect (P<0.0001) on feed intake, egg production, feed conversion, egg mass and egg number except final body weight. No significant effects (P>0.05) were found on all of the performance parameters measured due to feeding levels of SSF except feed intake and final body weight. The interaction of form and feeding level was significant (P<0.05) on egg and body weights. Low performance and egg quality were observed in the birds fed a diet containing the dried SSF. It can be suggested that local ducks required 20% SSF as a single protein source for maximum egg production (41.2%) and total egg number per wk (3.1 eggs/bird/wk) during 8 wk of rearing period. Egg quality can be improved by feeding the fresh SSF. However, due to be sufficiently better processing technique, the dried SSF would be potential to replace the common fish for laying ducks.

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Metabolizable energy levels in diets with a fixed nutrient: calorie ratio for free-range broilers

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6supl2p4009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 4009-4022

Author(s):

Thiago Rodrigues da Silva ◽

◽

Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽

Charles Kiefer ◽

Luanna Lopes Paiva Copat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Energy Level ◽

Body Fat ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Protein Deposition

The present study proposes to examine the effect of dietary levels of metabolizable energy, under a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, on the production performance; body fat and protein deposition; and carcass characteristics of free-range broilers from 1 to 84 days of age. Nine hundred unsexed chicks were allocated to six treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg of diet) and a fixed proportion of nutrients relative to the energy level according to the nutritional requirements for each rearing phase. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, production viability, metabolizable energy intake, protein intake, lysine intake, body fat deposition, body protein deposition and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and, later, to regression analysis. Increasing levels of metabolizable energy, coupled with a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, reduced feed intake, increased body weight and weight gain, improved feed conversion and did not affect carcass characteristics. In conclusion, adjusting the nutrient supply according to the dietary energy level improves production performance by improving feed conversion, ensuring adequate nutrient intake and preserving fat and protein deposition in the carcass when the metabolizable energy level is raised up to 3200 Kcal/kg in all rearing stages.

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GENETIC VARIATION OF HUMPBACK GROUPER (Cromileptes altivelis) ON F1 AND F3 GENERATIONS

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v5i1.7755 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sari Budi Moria Sembiring ◽

Tridjoko Tridjoko ◽

Haryanti Haryanti

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Body Length ◽

Quantitative Characteristic ◽

Breeding Program ◽

High Quality ◽

Culture Technology ◽

Selection Of ◽

Rapd Method

Hatchery and culture technology of Humpback grouper has been developed. However, sometimes it is still found constraint in sedd production and caused instability of production due to failure by many factors. Breeding program become necessary to provide seed with high quality and good genetic variation. Quantitative characteristic selection is one of breeding program to improve productivity in grouper aquaculture. The aim of this research was to produce good phenotyphic and genotypic quality of Humpback grouper candidate broodstock. Selection of Humpback grouper F1 and F3 was done based on quantitative characteristic (body length and weight) and genotyphic characteristic by using ramdom amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) method. The results of conventional selection were found candidate broodstock of Humpback grouper F1 and F3 with body weight range from 170-210 g and 160-170 g consecutively. Heterozygosity values of Humpback grouper analized by RAPD of F1 and F3 were 0.7940 and 0.7749 consecutively and it was not significantly different. This value emphasis that population of this F3 Humpback grouper was still good to grow for broodstock. Keywords: genetic variation, humpback grouper, F1, F3.

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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG DAUN KEMANGI (Acimum spp) DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP PERFORMANS AYAM BROILER

JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL ◽

10.30598/jhppk.2017.1.3.172 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Merry Simanjuntak

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Beta Carotene ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Randomized Design ◽

The Many

The Chicken broiler is a type of superior race chicken that has high genetic properties, especially in growth. The use of herbs as medicines in medicine is now starting to increase, which is evident from the many traditional drugs manufacturers on the market. One of the herbs that can be used as an antibiotic for livestock is basil (Ocimum sp). Basil contains beta-carotene (provitamin A), which supports the function of vision, improves antibody function (influences immune function), protein synthesis to support growth process and as the antioxidant (Adnyana and Firmansyah, 2006). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of basil leaves flour up to 12% level against broiler performance. The experiment was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results of statistical analysis showed that the addition of basil meal powder into the feed did not affect to feed consumption between levels (P> 0). The result of the statistical analysis showed that the addition of basil meal powder into the feed had no effect (P> 0,05) to the increase in body weight. The result of the statistical analysis showed that the treatment with the addition of basil powder into the feed had no effect (P> 0,05) to feed conversion. The result of this research can be concluded that the addition of basil powder into feed up to 12% level did not give significantly different effect on production performance such as feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion of the broiler.

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Effects of Methionine-Cysteine Amino Acid Supplementations in the Aflatoxin B1 Contaminated Diet on Broiler Production Performance

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v43i4.31150 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Listya Purnamasari ◽

Ali Agus ◽

Cuk Tri Noviandi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Aflatoxin B1 ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Age Group ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Cysteine Amino Acid

This research aimed to observe the interaction of methionine-cysteine amino acid supplementation to decrease the effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on diet against production performance of broiler chicken. A number of 240 mixed sex broiler chickens were treated in 9 treatments by factorial design 3 x 3 with methionine-cysteine amino acid (M+C) (75,100, dan 125%) factors and AFB1 levels (0, 200, dan 400 ppb). Variables observed were: Weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results showed that increased AFB1 content in diet from 0 to 400 ppb increased chicken body weight (P <0.05) in each age group. The high body weight was balanced with high feed consumption along with increased nutrient needs, mainly sulfuric amino acid (M+C) as the precursor of glutathione to eliminate toxic through conjugation reactions. The interaction effect was firstly occurred between M + C and AFB1 treatment (P <0.05). Meanwhile increased supplementation of M + C from 75 to 125% caused decreased feed consumption in each age group of chickens, but increased AFB1 levels further increased feed consumption (P<0.05). The interaction effect between the level of M + C and AFB1 contamination in diets on feed consumption were seen in 21-day-old chickens (P<0.05). FCR was also increased (P <0.05) with the reduction of M + C content in diet at 7 days old. The effect of AFB1 on diet and interaction between M + C and AFB1 on chicken FCR in this study was not significant in all age groups. It can be concluded from the current study that supplying methionine-cystine amino acid with 75, 100 and 125% in AFB1 contaminated diet of 0, 200 and 400 ppb improves the performance of broiler chicken production.

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FERMENTATION OF KEPOK BANANA PEEL-CORN HOMINY MIXED SUBSTRATE FOR DIETARY INCLUSION IN BROILER RATION

Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) ◽

10.29122/jbbi.v3i1.54 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Fadilla Anwar ◽

Catur Sriherwanto ◽

Etyn Yunita ◽

Imam Suja’i

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Fermented Feed

To reduce broiler production cost, a study was carried out on utilisation of alternative, less costly feed components, namely kepok banana peel and corn hominy which were mixed and fermented using the fungus Rhizopus oryzae. The fermented substrate was added into commercial feed in order to determine its influence on the poultry’s production performance. This study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments: one using 100% pure commercial feed, and the other three commercial feed mixed with the fermented feed component at the levels of 5%, 10% and 15%. All treatments were repeated four times during 25 days growth period. The results showed that supplementation of the fermented ingredient in the broiler ration at the levels of 5%, 10%, or 15% had no significant effect (P>0,05) on the feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and the final body weight of the animals. Although mixing the fermented feed ingredient up to 15% in the commercial feed promoted the growth of the broilers, the results were not yet comparable to pure commercial feed.Keywords: Corn hominy, broiler, fermentation, kepok banana peel, Rhizopus oryzae AbstrakUntuk mengurangi biaya produksi ayam pedaging, dilakukan pengkajian penggunaan bahan penyusun pakan alternatif yang lebih murah, yaitu kulit pisang kepok dan ampok jagung yang dicampur dan difermentasi menggunakan jamur Rhizopus oryzae. Hasil fermentasi tersebut lalu ditambahkan pada pakan komersial ayam pedaging dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap penampilan produksi ayam pedaging. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu satu perlakuan 100% pakan komersial murni, dan tiga perlakuan pakan komersial yang dicampur bahan pakan hasil fermentasi tersebut dengan kadar 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Seluruh perlakukan diulang empat kali selama 25 hari masa pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bahan pakan terfermentasi ke dalam ransum ayam pedaging pada kadar 5%, 10%, atau 15% tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, nilai koversi pakan, dan bobot badan akhir hewan. Meskipun penambahan bahan pakan fermentasi tersebut hingga 15% dalam pakan komersial mendukung pertumbuhan ayam pedaging, namun capaian pertumbuhannya belumlah sebaik pakan komersial.Kata kunci: Ampok jagung, ayam pedaging, fermentasi, kulit pisang kepok, Rhizopus oryzae

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Water quality, growth and production performance of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) in cemented tanks with two different stocking densities

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v47i1.42026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 107-119

Author(s):

Dulon Roy ◽

Abdullah Al Masud ◽

Pritam Kumar Saha ◽

MM Kutubuddin ◽

Md Muzahidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Body Weight ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Culture Technique ◽

Production Performance ◽

Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽

Tank Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

T1 And T2

Attempt has been taken to develop intensive tank culture technique providing natural environment for Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) inside tank to increase survival rate as well as production. The experiment was conducted for a period of 150 days in two tanks (T1 and T2) of 300 m2. Fish fries with a mean weight and length ranged from 1.02 to 2.2 g and 2.7 to 3.5 cm were stocked in T1 and T2, respectively. Stocking density of fingerlings were 1, 25,000 and 1, 50,000 per Ha in T1 and T2, respectively. Commercial pelleted feed was supplied to tank reared fish twice daily at a rate of 3-10% of body weight per day and later feeding rate was adjusted based on body weight by sampling. Important water quality parameters (temperature, DO, pH, transparency, ammonia and nitrate) were recorded weekly throughout the culture period. Survival rate was 87% and 84% in T1 and T2, respectively. Mean final weight were 41.73 ± 2.09g and 40.6 ± 0.90 g in T1 and T2, respectively. Length-weight relationship indicates that the growth rate was always higher in T1 followed by T2. Results showed that net yield was relatively higher in T2 (5115.35 ± 113.13 Kg/ha) than T1 (4537.12 ± 227.4 Kg/ha). In case of production, there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between two treatments. This experiment demonstrated the potential of H. fossilis production through new technique of tank culture system. However, more research is needed using local feed ingredients with higher stocking density. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 107-119, 2019

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