scholarly journals Obesity and cahexia as the first manifestations of craniopharingioma

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila I. Astafieva ◽  
Irina S. Klochkova ◽  
Pavel L. Kalinin ◽  
Boris A. Kadashev ◽  
Aleksandr N. Konovalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Clinical Observations

The key structure in the regulation of energy homeostasis is the hypothalamus. The damage of the hypothalamic region can lead to imbalance of energy exchange with the development of obesity or cachexia. The most common metabolic disorders occur in case of craniopharyngiomas. The article presents two clinical observations of papillary craniopharyngioma in young women. Cases were accompanied by different disturbances of the energy balance, in one - with the development of obesity, in the other - cachexia.

scholarly journals CHILDREN CEMETERY OF 11th—12th c. AT THE PODIL DISTRICT OF KYIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
O. D. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Sensitive Group

In the cities of the Middle Ages children was the most sensitive group of people who responded to starvation, infection and social stress with high mortality rate and increased morbidity. 7 children’s burials (one belongs to twins of 6—9 month), located relatively compact on the outskirts of the lower city, were investigated in this project. Most children died at the age between 1 month and 3 years old. They have vestiges of metabolic disorders (scurvy, rickets and anemia) and infectious diseases (tuberculosis, nonspecific meningitis) on the bones. In one case, differential diagnosis was performed between congenital syphilis and rickets. Both diseases rarely happened in ancient Kiev. The pathological profile virtually repeats the pattern of morbidity in adolescents and young women buried in the marginal cemeteries of Podil. Regarding, studied complex can be considered a children’s quarter on the territory of some burial ground of the period. On the other hand, the similarity of the symptoms in most children, as well as two children (possibly twins) in one coffin indicates that at least part of them could die during one of the epidemics that took place in Kiev during the 11th—12th centuries which were obviously the most active on Podil.

The Relationship Between Suicidal Thinking and Dating Violence in a Sample of Adolescent Abortion Patients

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen E. Ely ◽  
William R. Nugent ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Mholi Vimbba
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Adolescent Dating Violence ◽  
Adolescent Relationships ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between suicidal thinking and adolescent dating violence has not been previously explored in a sample of adolescent abortion patients. Aims: This paper highlights a study where the relationship between dating violence and severity of suicidal thinking was examined in a sample of 120 young women ages 14–21 seeking to terminate an unintended pregnancy. Methods: The Multidimensional Adolescent Assessment Scale and the Conflict in Adolescent Relationships Scale was used to gather information about psychosocial problems and dating violence so that the relationship between the two problems could be examined, while controlling for the other psychosocial problems. Results: The results suggest that dating violence was related to severity of suicidal thinking, and that the magnitude of this relationship was moderated by the severity of problems with aggression. Conclusions: Specifically, as the severity of participant’s general problems with aggression increased, the magnitude of the relationship between dating violence and severity of suicidal thinking increased. Limitations of the study and implications for practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Energy Balance Indicators during the Transition Period and Early Lactation of Purebred Holstein and Simmental Cows and Their Crosses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Deise Aline Knob ◽  
André Thaler Neto ◽  
Helen Schweizer ◽  
Anna C. Weigand ◽  
Roberto Kappes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fat Thickness

Crossbreeding in dairy cattle has been used to improve functional traits, milk composition, and efficiency of Holstein herds. The objective of the study was to compare indicators of the metabolic energy balance, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, body condition score (BCS) back fat thickness (BFT), as well as milk yield and milk composition of Holstein and Simmental cows, and their crosses from the prepartum period until the 100th day of lactation at the Livestock Center of the Ludwig Maximilians University (Munich, Germany). In total, 164 cows formed five genetic groups according to their theoretic proportion of Holstein and Simmental genes as follows: Holstein (100% Holstein; n = 9), R1-Hol (51–99% Holstein; n = 30), first generation (F1) crossbreds (50% Holstein, 50% Simmental; n = 17), R1-Sim (1–49% Holstein; n = 81) and Simmental (100% Simmental; n = 27). The study took place between April 2018 and August 2019. BCS, BFT blood parameters, such as BHBA, glucose, and NEFA were recorded weekly. A mixed model analysis with fixed effects breed, week (relative to calving), the interaction of breed and week, parity, calving year, calving season, milking season, and the repeated measure effect of cow was used. BCS increased with the Simmental proportion. All genetic groups lost BCS and BFT after calving. Simmental cows showed lower NEFA values. BHBA and glucose did not differ among genetic groups, but they differed depending on the week relative to calving. Simmental and R1-Sim cows showed a smaller effect than the other genetic groups regarding changes in body weight, BCS, or back fat thickness after a period of a negative energy balance after calving. There was no significant difference for milk yield among genetic groups, although Simmental cows showed a lower milk yield after the third week after calving. Generally, Simmental and R1-Simmental cows seemed to deal better with a negative energy balance after calving than purebred Holstein and the other crossbred lines. Based on a positive heterosis effect of 10.06% for energy corrected milk (ECM), the F1, however, was the most efficient crossbred line.

Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia with iontophoresis

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
N. S. Utochnikova
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
The One ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Female Genital

The treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia has long been one of the most important tasks of the gynecologist. With the development of surgery, surgical methods of treatment began to be applied: exudates were removed, the uterus and inflamed appendages were extirpated, etc.; but the danger of surgical intervention on the one hand, and on the other - the severe consequences of removal of organs such as ovaries, especially in young women - forced gynecologists to spend much effort in discovering and improving non-operative methods of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genital parts. Among these methods, physical methods such as water, mud, light baths, massage, etc., as well as those related to electricity have long been prominent.

scholarly journals Broken Energy Homeostasis and Obesity Pathogenesis: The Surrounding Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Mayumi Yoshioka ◽  
Jonny St-Amand
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Diagnosis Classification

Obesity represents an abnormal fat accumulation resulting from energy imbalances. It represents a disease with heavy consequences on population health and society economy due to its related morbidities and epidemic proportion. Defining and classifying obesity and its related parameters of evaluation is the first challenge toward understanding this multifactorial health problem. Therefore, within this review we report selected illustrative examples of the underlying mechanisms beyond the obesity pathogenesis which is systemic rather than limited to fat accumulation. We also discuss the gut-brain axis and hormones as the controllers of energy homeostasis and report selected impacts of obesity on the key metabolic tissues. The concepts of “broken energy balance” is detailed as the obesity starting key step. Sleep shortage and psychological factors are also reported with influences on obesity development. Importantly, describing such mechanistic pathways would allow clinicians, biologists and researchers to develop and optimize approaches and methods in terms of diagnosis, classification, clinical evaluation, treatment and prognosis of obesity.

The anorexigenic cytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulates POMC gene expression via receptors localized in the nucleus of arcuate neurons

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (4) ◽  
pp. E458-E467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Couvreur ◽  
Alain Aubourg ◽  
Delphine Crépin ◽  
Jéril Degrouard ◽  
Arieh Gertler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Pomc Gene ◽  
Intake Regulation

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a neural cytokine that reduces appetite and body weight when administrated to rodents or humans. We have demonstrated recently that the level of CNTF in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), a key hypothalamic region involved in food intake regulation, is positively correlated with protection against diet-induced obesity. However, the comprehension of the physiological significance of neural CNTF action was still incomplete because CNTF lacks a signal peptide and thus may not be secreted by the classical exocytosis pathways. Knowing that CNTF distribution shares similarities with that of its receptor subunits in the rat ARC, we hypothesized that CNTF could exert a direct intracrine effect in ARC cells. Here, we demonstrate that CNTF, together with its receptor subunits, translocates to the cell nucleus of anorexigenic POMC neurons in the rat ARC. Furthermore, the stimulation of hypothalamic nuclear fractions with CNTF induces the phosphorylation of several signaling proteins, including Akt, as well as the transcription of the POMC gene. These data strongly suggest that intracellular CNTF may directly modulate POMC gene expression via the activation of receptors localized in the cell nucleus, providing a novel plausible mechanism of CNTF action in regulating energy homeostasis.

Glycogenic induction of thyroid hormone conversion and leptin system activation in the liver of postpartum dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Andrea Győrffy ◽  
Mónika Keresztes ◽  
Vera Faigl ◽  
Vilmos Frenyó ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Leptin System

In the regulation of energy metabolism, the liver plays an important role in the reinforcement of energy production. In periparturient cows the energy homeostasis turns into a negative energy balance that may shift the physiological regulation of energy balance towards pathological processes. Propylene glycol (PG), as a complementary source of energy used in the nutrition of dairy cows, alters systemic thyroid hormone economy; however, the exact mechanism through which highly glycogenic feed supplements impact liver metabolism is little known. Previous studies showed that only leptin receptors are expressed in the liver of cows, and now we report that leptin mRNA is expressed in the liver of cows as well. The present results show that the mRNA of leptin and its receptors are differentially modulated by the increased energy content of the feed consumed. Simultaneous changes in hepatic type I deiodinase activity suggest that hepatic modulation of the leptin system by PG supplementation may be mediated by an increased local thyroxine-triiodothyronine conversion. Since PG supplementation with simultaneous T4–T3 turnover and increased hepatic leptin- and short-form leptin receptor mRNA were not associated with a significant change in hepatic total lipid levels, it is suggested that the leptin system, directly or indirectly modulated by thyroid hormones, may represent a local defence mechanism to prevent fatty liver formation.

scholarly journals About mercury dioxide, as antisepticum in gynecology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-266
Author(s):  
A. A. Anufriev
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Other Hand

Numerous clinical observations of the last time, mainly over the course of incised wounds, have convinced surgeons and gynecologists to a sufficient extent that the primary role in the healing of these wounds is played by cleanliness, and not by disinfectants. Suffice it to point to such authorities in this respect as Bantok, Lawson-Tait, Thorntorn, De Granville, Kocher. Sklifosovsky and others. Some of the surgeons and gynecologists of modern asepsis have gone so far in their views that they look at all disinfectants as self-deception, while others consider the presence of some non-pathogenic microorganisms even useful (?) In the fight against accidentally caught pathogenic and therefore delay the growth of the former seems to be irrational. But on the other hand, there are not a small number of surgeons who have asepsis alongside antiseptics and who cannot refuse, if not "in the leading", then in the "known role" and disinfectants, not because routine has been mixed up in such a setting, but due in part to the conditions under which they have to work, in part to the undoubtedly beneficial properties of known disinfectants.

scholarly journals Hyperostosis frontalis interna in Arctic groups according to craniology

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-120
Author(s):  
Alexandra P. Buzhilova ◽  
◽  
Anna S. Kolyasnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Age Category

We have examined 942 skulls from the collections of the Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology (13 craniological collections of the Arctic groups). We have analyzed the total frequency of HFI, used a comparative intergroup analysis, and evaluated the degree of HFI expression and the distribution of the trait according to sex and age. Univariate nonparametric statistics was applied. Results. It was found that the rate of HFI in the Arctic groups is much lower than in other groups of modern Eurasian and American populations. In the combined series, HFI was equally represented in both males and females. However, according to the age distribution, the male and female groups are different. HFI was more frequent in males in the Adultus and Maturus groups and in the Senilis group in females. Discussion. The significantly lower frequency of HFI in the Arctic series relative to the other modern groups show us a low level of metabolic disorders in the Arctic population and a good adaptation to the type of nutrition and living in extreme conditions. The obtained data show the predominance of the trait in the groups of mature and elderly women, and the appearance of HFI of different severity in men regardless of the age category. Probably, in the Arctic samples in women, HFI identifies metabolic disorders due to normal hormonal changes in women aging. HFI should be considered as an indicator of the presence of metabolic disorders in young and mature age in Arctic men group.

scholarly journals COMPARISON EFFECT OF CV 12, ST 36 AND ST 40 EA ON SHORT TERM ENERGY BALANCE REGULATION IN HIGH FAT DIET RAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Purwo Sri Rejeki ◽  
Harjanto Harjanto ◽  
Raden Argarini ◽  
Imam Subadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term

The aim of this study was to determine the comparative effects of EA (EA) on the CV12, ST36 and ST40 to weight gain prevention over the short-term regulation of energy balance. The study was conducted with a completely randomized design. Rats were divided into five groups: negative control group (no treatment, n=5), positive control (sham EA/back, n=5), EA CV 12 (n=6), EA ST 36 (n=6) and EA ST 40 (n=7). Rats were exposed to high-fat diet for two weeks and EA was simultaneously performed once daily, five days a week for two weeks with 2 Hz, for 10 minutes with continuous wave. Body weight, BMI, front limb circumference and rear were measured during study. Levels of blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL were measured at the end of the study; which reflects the short-term regulation of energy homeostasis. For weight loss, EA CV12, ST36 and ST40 group have lost weight significantly compared to the negative and positive control group. The ST40 group has a significant decrease than ST36 and CV12. The most significant decrease in BMI found in the ST40 group. EA did not affect blood glucose levels, but modulated blood lipid profile. In ST 40 group there was a significant decrease in cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides. EA at point ST 40 is potential in preventing increased body weight and BMI in rats exposed to high-fat diet compared to the CV 12 and ST 36. ST 40 is a point with a potential of lowering LDL and triglycerides serum so that it can play a role in the short term regulation of energy homeostasis but also in the prevention of dyslipidemia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document