Mechanical, Absorption and Swelling Properties of Vinyl Ester Based Natural Fibre Hybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ahmed Nasimudeen ◽  
Sharwine Karounamourthy ◽  
Joshua Selvarathinam ◽  
Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani ◽  
Harikrishnan Pulikkalparambil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Flexural Testing ◽  
Structural Applications

Natural fibres such as Banana (B), Jute (J) and Kenaf (K) were hybridized in different stacking sequences in vinyl ester. The composites with hybridized fibres were tested to evaluate their tensile, flexural and impact properties. Further, they were also tested for their water absorption and thickness swelling behavior. The hybridization of the fibre mats had an encouraging outcome on the mechanical behavior. The JKBKBJ hybrid composite possessed the maximum tensile strength (34.12 MPa) while maximum stiffness of 1.667 GPa was observed for the KBJJBK hybrid composites. The observations from the flexural testing indicated that the hybrid composites resisted the flexural load for higher displacement. All the hybrid configurations presented better impact strength over the composites reinforced with kenaf and jute fibres. Among the hybrid composites investigated, the KJBBJK hybrid composite displayed highest impact strength (12.32 kJ/m2). The improved strength, stiffness and lower moisture absorption properties make the composites with hybridized fibres a potential candidate for the light weight structural applications.

Experimental determination and modelling of the mechanical properties of hybrid abaca-reinforced polymer composite using RSM

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnivesh Kumar Sinha ◽  
Somnath Bhattacharya ◽  
Harendra Kumar Narang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Factorial Method ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Input Variables

Hybrid natural fibre polymer composites have attracted attention of research community owing to their better mechanical properties as compared to conventional materials. Besides being inexpensive, natural fibres are eco-friendly in nature. In past literature, abaca has shown tremendous potential for its suitability in structural applications. Present work deals with mechanical characterization and modelling of hybrid abaca epoxy composites with red mud as filler. Hybrid composites were prepared by hand lay-up technique. Experiments were designed based on full factorial method having three control parameters, namely weight percentage of abaca (2.6, 5.26 and 7.9 wt%), weight percentage of red mud (4, 8 and 12 wt%) and particle size of red mud (68, 82 and 98 µm). Flexural and impact strength of composites were evaluated. Mathematical models for flexural and impact strength of hybrid abaca composites were developed using response surface method. Developed models for mechanical properties of composite were analysed using analysis of variance to recognize the significance of control parameters or input variables on the mechanical properties of hybrid composites. Moreover, interaction effects of input variables on flexural and impact strength of hybrid composites were also investigated. Developed model also enables us to predict mechanical properties of hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hybrid natural fibre/phenol formaldehyde composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekar Sanjeevi ◽  
Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Velmurugan Ganesan ◽  
Gabriel Sas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Dry Conditions

AbstractThis investigation is carried out to understand the effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hybrid phenol formaldehyde (PF) composite fabricated with Areca Fine Fibres (AFFs) and Calotropis Gigantea Fibre (CGF). Hybrid CGF/AFF/PF composites were manufactured using the hand layup technique at varying weight percentages of fibre reinforcement (25, 35 and 45%). Hybrid composite having 35 wt.% showed better mechanical properties (tensile strength ca. 59 MPa, flexural strength ca. 73 MPa and impact strength 1.43 kJ/m2) under wet and dry conditions as compared to the other hybrid composites. In general, the inclusion of the fibres enhanced the mechanical properties of neat PF. Increase in the fibre content increased the water absorption, however, after 120 h of immersion, all the composites attained an equilibrium state.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behaviour of Hybrid Composites Prepared using Sisal-Pineapple-Kenaf Fibre

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3210-3214
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Kenaf Fibre

Variety of application use fibre reinforced composites because of their intrinsic properties in mechanical strength, renewability and low production cost compared to conventional materials. Natural fibres are environmentally friendly their use will not break the budget when used as an alternative to the regular materials. Reinforcement used in polymer is either man-made or natural. Man-made synthetic, metallic, semi-synthetic, polymer fibres have superior specific strength but their high cost of production limits its application and feasibility to make composites. Recently there is a rise in use of natural fibres from various natural resources which are available abundantly. Composites based on natural fibres have their advantages of cost in making the fibres from different vegetables, wood, animals and minerals. In this work a thorough and systematic inquiry regarding better utilization of sisal fibre for making value-added products has been carried out. Various hybrid composite test specimens as per ASTM were prepared with natural fillers such as sisal-pineapple-Kenaf fibres by using hand layup method. The physical and mechanical characteristics of prepared hybrid composite with sisal fibre, pineapple fibre and kenaf fibre are the main objective the research. The various mechanical properties of the hybrid composites like tensile strength, rupture strength, impact strength, shear strength, hardness, and wear strength are studied by standard experiment methods. The experimental results were discussed. The experiments exposed that the use of sisal fibre when compared with similar fibres in a composite increase the most of the physical properties like tensile, rupture, wear properties of the material where as impact strength of the material is lowered. Surface morphology of the sisal fibre after tensile loading is studied microscopically.

scholarly journals Effect of Silicon Carbide on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Snake Grass/Sisal Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
M Vijayakumar ◽  
K Kumaresan ◽  
R Gopal ◽  
S D Vetrivel ◽  
V Vijayan
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Percentage Of Water Absorption

In this study, an attempt was made to develop and characterize Snake Grass Fiber (SGF)/Silicon Carbide (SiC)/epoxy and Snake Grass Fiber/Sisal Fiber (SF)/Silicon Carbide/epoxy hybrid composites using a compression moulding technique. Mechanical characteristics of the produced hybrid composites such as tensile, flexural, and hardness tests were analyzed. Also experiments have been carried out to predict the thermal stability of the fabricated composite samples. The interface between fiber and matrix was examined by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Among SGF/SiC/epoxy and SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy composites, it has been observed that hybrid composite SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy exhibits the higher hardness of 82 Shore-D, tensile strength of 51 MPa and flexural strength of 73 MPa. In contrast to the mechanical properties, the percentage of water absorption was lower in the SGF/SiC/epoxy hybrid composite. It is proven from the results that the SGF/SF/SiC/epoxy hybrid composites will enhance the strength of the composites. This composite material is also a potential candidate for the hardware of energy devices including electrochemical energy along with Fuel Cell systems.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability on Banyan/Ramie Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
T. Raja ◽  
S. Ravi ◽  
Alagar Karthick ◽  
Asif Afzal ◽  
B. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Fabric Composite

The usage of natural fibers has increased recently. They are used to replace synthetic fiber products in aircraft and automobile industries. In this study, natural fibers of bidirectional banyan mat and ramie fabrics are used for reinforcement, and the matrix is an epoxy resin to fabricate composite laminates by traditional hand layup technique at atmospheric temperature mode. Five different sequences of reinforcements are as follows to quantify the effect of thermal stability and mechanical behavior of silane-treated and untreated hybrid composites. The results revealed that silane-treated fabric composite laminates were given enhanced mechanical properties of 7% tensile, 11% flexural, and 9% impact strength compared with untreated fabric composite, and at the same time when the increasing of ramie fabric was given the positive influence of 41% improved tensile strength of 40.7 MPa, 49% improved in flexural strength of 38.9 MPa and negative influence in 57% lower impact strength in sample E and positive value in sample A 21.12 J impact energy absorbed in the hybrid composite. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the thermal stability of the hybrid composite. In sample A, the thermal stability is more than in other samples, and 410°C is required to reduce the mass loss of 25%. The working mass condition of the hybrid composite is up to 3.25 g after it moves to degrade.

Effect of Fibre Orientation on Specific Gravity, Hardness, Flexural Strength and Tensile Properties of Jute/Hemp Hybrid Laminate Composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash ◽  
K.Chikkanna Anil ◽  
K.G. Girisha ◽  
K.V. Sreenivas Rao
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Hybrid Laminate ◽  
Gravity Test

Bio-composites are taking over the polymer based composites due to their multi fold advantages. In this work, the natural fibre (jute-hemp) hybrid composite was prepared by traditional hand-lay-up method. The hardness, tensile and flexural properties of the composite specimen was evaluated in order to study the effect of fibres and fibre orientations using standard procedures. A significant improvement in hardness (114RHN), tensile (79.13mpa) and flexural (120.06mpa) properties were observed with fibre orientation of 900 compare to 300 & 450 orientations. Specific gravity test were conducted by using ASTM D792 standard at the temperature of 230c. The specific gravity was found to increase for 900 orientation of the fibre in the composite. It is also observed that the polyester based hybrid composite exhibits higher values of mechanical properties compared to epoxy based hybrid composites.

Correlation of structural and mechanical properties for Al-Al2O3-SiC hybrid metal matrix composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110115
Author(s):  
Naseem Ahamad ◽  
Aas Mohammad ◽  
Moti Lal Rinawa ◽  
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni ◽  
Pallav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Al Matrix

The aim of the present paper is to examine the outcome of Al2O3-SiC reinforcements on structural and mechanical behavior of Al matrix based hybrid composites. Al-Al2O3-SiC hybrid composite has been developed through stir casting with addition of ceramics i.e. Al2O3-SiC (2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.%, 7.5 wt.% and 10.0 wt.%) in relative and symmetrical proportion. The structural characteristics, i.e. phase, microstructure, EDS; physical property i.e. density and the mechanical properties, i.e. hardness, impact strength and tensile strength of fabricated specimens have been investigated. XRD represents the transitional phase formation among Al base material and Al2O3-SiC ceramic phases with inter-atomic bonding between them. SEM reveals that the Al2O3-SiC fragments has distributed symmetrically in Al matrix. EDS spectrum of various samples are in confirmation with the XRD results. Density of hybrid composite reduces with increase in weight percentage of ceramic reinforcements i.e. Al2O3-SiC because ceramic particle gains low density after preheating. Hardness of hybrid composites increases upto 5 wt.% variation of ceramic reinforcements i.e. Al2O3-SiC after that it decreases. Impact strength of hybrid composite has been increased with an increase in weight percentage of ceramic. Al-2.5 wt.% Al2O3-2.5 wt.% SiC shows maximum ultimate tensile strength. It is expected that the prepared hybrid composites will be useful for fastener studs.

scholarly journals Study of Mechanical Properties of Alkali Treated SZF/SF/VE Hybrid Composites under Wet Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. X
Author(s):  
Athijayamani AYYANAR ◽  
Ramkumar GP ◽  
Alavudeen AZIZ BATCHA ◽  
Thiruchitrambalam MANI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Wet Condition ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Mechanical properties of vinyl ester hybrid composites reinforced with alkali treated Smilax zeylanica and sisal fibers were studied at wet condition in the present communication. Hybrid composites were fabricated by using a simple hand lay up technique based on three different fiber loading of 25, 35, and 45 wt.% with alkali treated fibers. Hybrid composite specimens were then subjected to the water absorption test to observe the behaviours of composite specimens at wet condition under mechanical loads such as tensile, flexural and impact. Water absorption test was carried out in two ways at distilled water environment at room temperature. First way test was conducted for 10 days to observe the percentage of water particle absorption of hybrid composites. Second way test was performed for 5 days to determine the mechanical properties of hybrid composites at wet condition to observe its durability when they are used in outdoor applications. Mechanical properties of hybrid composite specimens at wet conditions were compared with the dry composite specimens. Experimental results showed that the percentage of the water particle absorption in the alkali treated hybrid fiber composites is lower as compared to the untreated hybrid fiber composites. Mechanical properties of alkali treated hybrid fiber composites at wet condition are slightly reduced as compared to the treated hybrid fiber composite at dry condition. As a result, it is observed that the resistance for the penetration of the water particles is higher for the alkali treated smilax zeylanica and sisal fibers reinforced vinyl ester hybrid composites. The fracture surfaces of the hybrid composite specimens were examined by scanning electron microscope to understand the effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties.

Studies on Mechanical and Flexural Strength of Carbon Nano Tube Reinforced with Hemp/Vinyl Ester/Carbon Fiber Laminated Hybrid Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 699-708
Author(s):  
Nandini MC
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Carbon Nano Tube

Abstract: In Recent days, the natural fibres from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composites alternative to the use of glass, carbon and other man-made fibres. Among various fibres, Hemp is most widely used natural fibre due to its advantages like easy availability, low density, low production cost and satisfactory mechanical properties. Composite materials play a vital role in the field of materials to meet the stringent demands of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and near-net shapes. Composite is a structural material that consists of two or more combined constituents that are combined at a macroscopic level and are not soluble in each other. Composites are having two phases that are reinforcing phase like fiber, particle, or flakes & matrix phase like polymers, metals, and ceramics. In this project an attempt is made to prepare different combination of composite materials using hemp/carbon fiber and Carbon nano tube reinforcement and vinyl ester as the matrix material respectively. Composites were prepared according to ASTM standards and following test are carried out Tensile, Flexural and ILSS test. The effect of addition of Carbon nano tubes in hemp/vinyl ester/carbon fibers has been studied & it has been observed that there is a significant effect of fibre loading and performance of hemp/carbon fiber reinforced vinyl ester based hybrid composites with improved results Keywords: Hemp fiber, Vinyl ester, Carbon fiber, Tensile, Flexural and ILSS Test

scholarly journals Development and Performance analysis of Novel Cast AA7076-Graphene Amine-Carbon Fiber Hybrid Nanocomposites for Structural Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1480-1489
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Metal Matrix Nanocomposites ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Percent Increase

Lightweight aluminum metal matrix nanocomposites play an important role in aerospace, military, automotive, electricity, and structural applications due to their improved mechanical, physical, and tribological properties. The hybrid nanocomposites were made using a motorized stir casting technique to achieve the desired mechanical properties. The composites were made using a mixture of graphene amine and carbon fibers in various weight proportions. The hybrid nanocomposites were created by varying the weight percentage (wt.%) of reinforcements in the AA7076 base matrix, such as 0.5wt % carbon fiber (micro filler) and 0.5wt % graphene (nanofiller). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the homogeneous distribution of the fabricated hybrid composite. The mechanical properties of the hybrid composites were assessed using hardness and tensile measures. The composite with 1wt. percent reinforcements had a 50 percent increase in hardness and a 42 percent increase in tensile strength as compared to the base AA7076 matrix content. The wear tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribo tester, and the results showed that the hybrid composite (1wt.%) outperformed the AA7076 matrix material in terms of wear resistance.

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