scholarly journals Antiproliferative Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Ciplukan Herbs (Physalis angulata L.) on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]Nthracene-Induced Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Ameilinda Monikawati ◽  
Sofa Farida ◽  
Laras Widawaty Putri ◽  
Yurista Gilang Ikhtiarsyah ◽  
Edy Meiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Chemopreventive Agent ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
And Control

Physalis angulata L. is an annual herb widely used as popular medicine for the treatment of cancer. Physalis angulata L. ethanolic extract (PEE) has been demonstrated to have strong cytotoxic activity against breast cancer, inhibited cancer cell’s proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of PEE as a cancer chemopreventive agent on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]nthracene (DMBA)-induced rats mammary. The antiproliferative activity was characterized by monitoring the histopatology representation and expression of cell proliferation on DMBA-induced mammary rats that were treated with PEE against control groups. The histopatology representation were analyzed by Haematoksilin Eosin (HE) staining method, while proliferative activity was detected by AgNOR method. The HE staining results showed significant differences in cells morphology of treatment groups compared to the control groups. Thus results suggest that PEE was able to repair morphology of cells undergoing carcinogenesis. AgNOR method showed decreasing occurrence of black dots between treatment and control groups. Thus, we conclude that PEE has an antiproliferative activity on DMBA-induced rat mammary. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata herbs is a potential chemopreventive agent on cancer. Further study on its molecular mechanism needs to be explored.Keywords: Physalis angulata, breast cancer, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]nthracene, carcinogenesis, antiproliferative

scholarly journals Ficus septica Burm. f. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Triggered Apoptosis on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis Qualitatively

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Anindyajati Anindyajati ◽  
Andita Pra Darma ◽  
Ika Nurjizah ◽  
Dita Brenna Septhea ◽  
Agung Endro Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Double Staining ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Staining Method ◽  
And Control

Ficus septica Burm. f. ethanolic extract (FEE) shows cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. Our research aimed to investigate the effect of FEE on apoptosis induction and p53 expression against carcinogenesis of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary.The research was conducted by comparing both apoptosis induction and p53 expression in DMBA-induced rats that were treated with FEE against control groups. Cells that undergo apoptosis were visualized by Double Staining method with acridine orange and ethidium bromide, while p53 expression was detected by IHC staining. Double staining results showed increased occurrence of apoptotic cells compared to the control groups. IHC staining of p53 did not show significant difference between treatment and control groups. However, FEE was able to repair morphology of cells undergoing carcinogenesis. Thus, we conclude that FEE has an anti-carcinogenic activity on DMBA-induced rat mammary through apoptosis induction without affecting p53 expression. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of Ficus Septica leaves is a potential chemo-preventive agent on breast cancer. Further study on its molecular mechanism needs to be explored.Keywords: Ficus septica, breast cancer, 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, carcinogenesis, apoptosis, p53

scholarly journals Effects of Cancer, Chemotherapy and Cytokines on Subjective and Objective Cognitive Functioning Among Patients with Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Vincent Chin-Hung Chen ◽  
Chin-Kuo Lin ◽  
Han-Pin Hsiao ◽  
Bor-Show Tzang ◽  
Yen-Hsuan Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients ◽  
And Control

Background: We aimed to investigate the associations of breast cancer (BC) and cancer-related chemotherapies with cytokine levels, and cognitive function. Methods: We evaluated subjective and objective cognitive function in BC patients before chemotherapy and 3~9 months after the completion of chemotherapy. Healthy volunteers without cancer were also compared as control group. Interleukins (IL) 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12p70, 13, 17A, 1β, IFNγ, and TNFα were measured. Associations of cancer status, chemotherapy and cytokine levels with subjective and objective cognitive impairments were analyzed using a regression model, adjusting for covariates, including IQ and psychological distress. Results: After adjustment, poorer performance in semantic verbal fluency was found in the post-chemotherapy subgroup compared to controls (p = 0.011, η2 = 0.070); whereas pre-chemotherapy patients scored higher in subjective cognitive perception. Higher IL-13 was associated with lower semantic verbal fluency in the post-chemotherapy subgroup. Higher IL-10 was associated with better perceived cognitive abilities in the pre-chemotherapy and control groups; while IL-5 and IL-13 were associated with lower perceived cognitive abilities in pre-chemotherapy and control groups. Our findings from mediation analysis further suggest that verbal fluency might be affected by cancer status, although mediated by anxiety. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that verbal fluency might be affected by cancer status, although mediated by anxiety. Different cytokines and their interactions may have different roles of neuroinflammation or neuroprotection that need further research.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi AIUEO terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Stroke yang Mengalami Afasia Motorik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Afnijar Wahyu ◽  
Liza Wati ◽  
Murad Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients who have motor aphasia in Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. The research design used was quasi experiment with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach to 9 respondents who were divided into 9 treatment groups and 9 control groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional ability of communication between the control and treatment groups with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.007 at a = 0.05) using the Wilcoxon Test statistical test. Conclusion, the influence of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients with motor aphasia in the treatment and control groups at Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang.   Keywords: Speech Ability, Motor Aphasia Stroke, AIUEO Therapy

scholarly journals Effects of acupuncture on breast cancer-related lymphoedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Xinyan Zhang ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Bingyan Zhang ◽  
Sa Yang ◽  
Dongling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effectiveness Index ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control

Objective: Breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a common complication after breast cancer treatment. We investigated whether acupuncture could be used to manage limb oedema in women after breast cancer surgery. Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and four Chinese databases were electronically searched for papers published through November 2017. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for BCRL were included. Results: In total, six RCTs with 318 patients were identified. The main analysis revealed a positive overall effect of acupuncture intervention on pre/post-treatment differences in the diameter of the elbow joint, reductions in upper limb lymphoedema and effectiveness index based on arm measurement data in patients with breast cancer. Two studies evaluating the outcome of acupuncture on the diameter of the elbow joint found a significant reduction in diameter between the acupuncture and control groups (weighted mean difference (WMD) 6 cm, 95% CI 5.11 to 6.89 cm; P<0.001). The same two studies investigated the effect of acupuncture on upper limb lymphoedema reduction and found a significant difference between the acupuncture and control groups (risk ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.67; P<0.001). Two other studies used the effectiveness index to assess the arm and found a significant difference between the acupuncture and control groups (WMD 23.34, 95% CI 10.74 to 35.94; P<0.001). The fifth study used bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy to assess lymphoedema at several points on the arm before and after acupuncture; this study also reported a significant reduction in lymphoedema. The sixth study reported no significant difference in bioimpedance between the groups. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis and systematic review suggests that acupuncture is effective at reducing BCRL in patients after breast cancer treatment.

Evaluation of high-dose versus standard FAC chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer in protected environment units: a prospective randomized study.

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G N Hortobagyi ◽  
G P Bodey ◽  
A U Buzdar ◽  
D Frye ◽  
S S Legha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Ambulatory Setting ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Median Response ◽  
And Control

Fifty-nine evaluable patients under 65 years of age with measurable metastatic breast cancer and without prior chemotherapy were randomly assigned to treatment with fluorouracil, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cyclophosphamide (FAC) at standard or high doses (100% to 260% higher than standard FAC) following a dose escalation schedule. Patients randomized to the high-dose FAC received the first three cycles of therapy within a protected environment. Subsequent cycles for this group were administered at standard doses of FAC in an ambulatory setting, the same as for the control group. After reaching 450 mg/m2 of Adriamycin, patients in both groups continued treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil until there was disease progression. Analysis of pretreatment patient characteristics showed an even distribution for most known pretreatment factors, although the control group had slightly (but nonsignificantly) more favorable prognostic characteristics. Fourteen patients (24%) achieved a complete remission (CR) and 32 (54%) achieved a partial remission (PR), for an overall major response rate of 78%. There were no differences in overall, CR, or PR rates between the high-dose FAC and control groups. The median response durations were 11 and 10 months for the protected environment and control groups, respectively, and the median survival was 20 months for both groups. Hematologic, gastrointestinal (GI), and infection-related complications were significantly more frequent and severe in the group treated with high-dose chemotherapy. Stomatitis, diarrhea, and skin toxicity were dose-limiting. However, there were no treatment-related deaths. High-dose induction combination chemotherapy with the agents used in this study failed to increase the response rate or survival duration, and resulted in a substantial increase in toxicity.

scholarly journals Relationship between salivary adiponectin, IGF-1, obesity and breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Streckfus
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Igf I ◽  
And Control

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if adiponectin and IGF-1 salivary concentrations are altered in combination with the presence of obesity and breast cancer. The null hypothesis is that there are no significant adiponectin and IGF-1 concentration alterations secondary to the presence of obesity and/or carcinoma of the breast.Methods: There were two groups of test subjects: healthy controls (n = 20) and individuals diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 20). The two cohorts were further stratified into four groups. These included subjects who are healthy and of normal BMI (n = 10); are healthy but have an elevated BMI (n = 10); have breast cancer and a normal BMI (n = 10); and have cancer and an elevated BMI (n = 10). The presence and concentration of adiponectin and IGF-1 was determined using the ELISA methodology.Results: The investigation revealed a significant increase in mean adiponectin levels in subjects with cancer compared to the controls (t = -2.57; p < .01). Individuals that were diagnosed with breast cancer and were obese exhibited the highest concentrations (F = 5.13; p < .005) of adiponectin. Adiponectin concentrations were also found to be correlated to IGF-I levels (r = 0.05; p < .001).Conclusion: Salivary adiponectin levels were significantly higher among cancer group. There were no significant differences between the cancer and control groups for IGF-I levels.

scholarly journals Unpublished rating scales: A major source of bias in randomised controlled trials of treatments for schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Marshall ◽  
Austin Lockwood ◽  
Caroline Bradley ◽  
Clive Adams ◽  
Claire Joy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Significant Treatment Effect ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control

BackgroundA recent review suggested an association between using unpublished scales in clinical trials and finding significant results.AimsTo determine whether such an association existed in schizophrenia trials.MethodThree hundred trials were randomly selected from the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register. All comparisons between treatment groups and control groups using rating scales were identified. The publication status of each scale was determined and claims of a significant treatment effect were recorded.ResultsTrials were more likely to report that a treatment was superior to control when an unpublished scale was used to make the comparison (relative risk 1.37 (95% C11.12–1.68)). This effect increased when a ‘gold-standard’ definition of treatment superiority was applied (RR 1.94 (95% C11.35–2.79)). In non-pharmacological trials, one-third of ‘gold-standard’ claims of treatment superiority would not have been made if published scales had been used.ConclusionsUnpublished scales are a source of bias in schizophrenia trials.

scholarly journals Lack of effect of supplementation with essential fatty acids on bone mineral density in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women:two randomized controlled trials of Efacal® v. calcium alone

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Joan Bassey ◽  
Julie J. Littlewood ◽  
M. Claire Rothwell ◽  
David W. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Markers Of Bone Turnover ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

Randomized controlled trials of the effects of the dietary supplement Efacal® (Scotia Pharmaceuticals Plc, Guildford, Surrey, UK) v. Ca only on total body bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover were conducted in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women separately. Total daily dose for 12 months for the Efacal® groups was: Ca 1·0 g, evening primrose oil 4·0 g and marine fish oil 440 mg; and for the control groups was: Ca 1·0 g. Reported compliance was better than 90 % in both age groups. For the forty-three premenopausal women (age range 25–40 years), initial mean total body BMD values were similar for Efacal® and control groups and both groups showed highly significant mean increases of about 1 %; however, there were no significant between-group differences for the changes in BMD or markers of bone turnover. For the forty-two postmenopausal women (age range 50–65 years), initial mean total body BMD values were again well-matched across treatment groups. Both Efacal® and control groups showed highly significant decreases in total body BMD of about 1 %, but again there were no significant between-group differences in total body BMD or markers of bone turnover. Possible confounding variables such as initial total body BMD were explored but had no effect on the outcome in either age group. Nail quality improved in both age groups and in both Efacal® and control groups. Again, there was no significant difference between treatment groups. No evidence was found to support a beneficial effect of Efacal® on BMD in these women.

The effect of reflexology on quality of life in Iranian patients with breast cancer.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
Shadan Pedramrazi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

90 Background: Breast cancer is one the most prevalent cancers among Iranian women. One of the complementary therapies is reflexology. The extant paper has been provided with the objective of determining the effect of reflexology on quality of life of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in the breast disease center. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial which has been applied to 60 patients suffering from breast cancer under chemotherapy in breast diseases center, in 2012. The patients were selected randomly in three test, control and placebo groups. In test group, reflexology was implemented for 3 weeks and each session lasted half an hour. In placebo group, only relaxation techniques were implemented for 3 weeks, each session lasted 20-30 minutes. Control group received the routine therapies of breast cancer center. Results: Data were collected by standard questionnaires of EORTIC QLQ-C30.V.3 and EORTIC QLQ-BR23.V.3. The questionnaires were filled before intervention and two weeks after applying study. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics or quality of life score of three groups, before intervention. Total score of quality of life was higher in interventional group compared to placebo group before and two weeks after intervention (p < 0.001) Results also indicated a significant difference in total score of quality of life between three test, placebo, and control groups after intervention (p < 0.001). A considerable improvement was noticed in the different aspects of quality of life in the test group compared to two other placebo and control groups. Conclusions: Reduction of pain, anxiety, nausea, and other symptoms related to cancer in patients suffering from cancer are assumed as the important cases of nursing cares focus, and precise nursing may diminish these symptoms considerably. Using reflexology in patients suffering from breast cancer may improve the quality of life as an effective method, and can be recommended for use in patients with breast cancer if it is supervised by health system personnel.

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