Yield and morpho-physiological traits of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) as affected by azotobacter, mycorrhizal symbiosis and biochar application

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and azotobacter with the application of biochar on tobacco growth parameters, yield and nicotine content under rainfed conditions for two growing seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018). The factorial experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with four replications and three factors including biochar at three levels (0, 4 and 8 ton/ha), mycorrhizal fungi and Azotobacter chroococcum each one at two levels (without and with application). Results showed that biochar application had a significant and positive effect on all evaluated parameters. However, there was no statistically significant difference between 4 and 8 tons per hectare of biochar in yield. Mycorrhizal symbiosis had a significant effect on relative water content. Application of azotobacter had a positive and significant effect on growth parameters, yield and nicotine content under rainfed conditions for two growing seasons (2016-2017 and nicotine content. The greatest effect of azotobacter with a 17% increase was on leaf nicotine content. Whereas tobacco dry yield in rainfed conditions is lower, the combined use of biochar and these biofertilizers can be considered a desirable solution. Then in terms of economic aspects, the use of 4 tons biochar per hectare along with the use of mycorrhiza and azotobacter to achieve acceptable yield while maintaining chemical quality in tobacco farms is recommended.

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Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization Strategies on Silage Corn Grown in Semi-Arid Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy8100208 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 208 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Abdelaziz Nilahyane ◽

M. Islam ◽

Abdel Mesbah ◽

Axel Garcia y Garcia

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrate Solution ◽

High Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Water Scarce ◽

Semi Arid

In water-scarce regions, high yield and improved water use efficiency (WUE) of crops can be obtained if water and nitrogen (N) are properly applied. While water and N have been the subject of research worldwide, studies are needed to advance our understanding on the complexity of their interaction. A field experiment was conducted at the University of Wyoming Powell Research and Extension Center in 2014 and 2015 growing seasons to determine the effect of irrigation water and N on growth, dry matter (DM) yield, and WUE of silage corn (Zea mays L.) grown under on-surface drip irrigation (ODI). The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in split-plot arrangement with three replications. Irrigation was the main treatment and included 100ETc (100% crop evapotranspiration), 80ETc, and 60ETc. Nitrogen was the sub-treatment and included 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 kg N ha−1 as urea-ammonium-nitrate solution Results showed that irrigation water, N, and application timing significantly affected growth and DM yield, especially at late vegetative and mid reproductive growth stages. At harvest (R4), no significant difference was observed between 180 kg N ha−1 and 270 kg N ha−1 on DM yield and WUE. However, significant differences of DM yield were observed between irrigation treatments, and 100ETc and 80ETc did not differ in WUE. Our findings suggest that 100ETc and 180 kg N ha−1 is the best combination for high yielding corn for silage grown in a semi-arid climate under ODI.

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Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/102/2018-hortsci ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 122-129

Author(s):

Sławomir Głuszek ◽

Edyta Derkowska ◽

Lidia Sas Paszt ◽

Mirosław Sitarek ◽

Beata Sumorok

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Cherry Trees

The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.

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Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr.v38i5.5933 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hashem Abeer ◽

E. F. Abd_Allah ◽

A. A. Alqarawi ◽

Dilfuza Egamberdieva

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Relative Water ◽

Efficient Protection

The aim of present study was to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> [L.] Walp.) subjected to salt stress. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl) reduced growth, biomass, relative water content and chlorophyll pigment content in cowpea leaves. AMF ameliorated the negative impact of salinity on the growth parameters studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) enhanced under salt stress and AMF inoculation further enhanced their activity, thus strengthening the plant’s defense system. Proline content increased in salt stressed plants as well as AMF-inoculated plants providing efficient protection against salt stress. Besides this AMF also increased uptake of mineral elements which have direct impact on the osmoregulation of the plants. The present study shows that AMF possesses the potential to enhance salt tolerance of cowpea.

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Effect of Phenylalanine, Jasmonic Acid and Biofertilizer on Growth, Yield and Anthocyanin Pigments of Roselle Calyces

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/910/1/012077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 910 (1) ◽

pp. 012077

Author(s):

Maher H.S. Al-Mohammad ◽

Thamena F.K. Sachet ◽

Zaman Salah Al-dulaimi

Keyword(s):

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Difference Test

Abstract Experiment was conducted during summer season of 2021 to study the effect of foliar applications of Phenylalanine (Phe), Jasmonic acid (JA), Biofertilizer (Bio) and their combinations (Phe+JA, Phe+Bio, JA+Bio, Phe+JA+Bio and control) on some growth, yield parameters and anthocyanin compounds on Roselle calyces Hibiscus sabdariffa L., The treatments were distributed on Randomized Completely Block Design in three replicates, means were compared according to the Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at probability level of 0.05. The results show that growth parameters (plant height, branches number, leave area and chlorophyll) and yield parameters (fruits number, fresh weight calyces, fresh yield calyces and dry yield calyces) were increased due by foliar application Phe+JA+Bio, while the combination treatment Phe+Bio gave significant effects on vitamin C, total anthocyanin, Gossypetin, Sabdartine, Hibescitine, Delphidine and Cyanidin of calyces reached at 201.5, 184.5, 29.3, 31.2, 57.4, 35.4, 27.8 (mg.100g) respectively.

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Culture Pond Influences the Growth and Survival of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings reared in Poly and Monoculture

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ◽

10.9734/ajfar/2021/v14i430302 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

L. U. Onyia ◽

I. J. Ochokwu ◽

I. J. Bargudu

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Physical Space ◽

Single Species ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Earthen Ponds

Monoculture is the rearing of single species of fish in a pond while polyculture is the farming of two or more species in the same physical space. This study aims to compare the growth parameters of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings in monoculture and polyculture, using concrete and earthen ponds in a randomized complete block design. The polyculture, comprised of Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus. 480 fingerlings were used; the stocking density was 40fish in a 3x2x1.5m depth with initial weight (4.84±0.11547) for C. gariepinus in monoculture and 40 each in polyculture with an initial pooled weight of O. niloticus (50g) replicated thrice, it was fed for eight weeks with commercial feed (40% crude protein). Weekly, random sampling was done to measure the growth and adjust the feeding rate. The results revealed that polyculture has the best mean final weight (160.07±0.18559g) and weight gain of 155.29, while the highest total length (45.666±3.179) was recorded in monoculture for Clarias gariepinus reared in an earthen pond. The polyculture had the highest specific growth rate (2.46), Relative growth rate (246.49), and condition factor (0.184). There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in monoculture of both concrete and earthen ponds.

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Growth assessment of juvenile oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) intercropped with fruit vegetables in a rainforest zone of Nigeria

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.889 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 217

Author(s):

Ayodele Samuel OLUWATOBI ◽

Kehinde Stephen OLORUNMAIYE ◽

Olabisi Fatimo ADEKOLA

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ondo State ◽

Oil Palms ◽

The Impact ◽

Growth Assessment

Improper intercropping of Elaeis guineensis with other crops has impaired the growth and development of the oil palm due to competition for environmental resources. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of intercropping on the growth of juvenile oil palm for 2 years. The research commenced during the rainy season of 2016 at an established juvenile oil palm plantation in Ala, Akure-North Local Government of Ondo State. Four fruit vegetables were intercropped separately within the alley of the plantation at 1, 2 or 3 m away from the oil palms in a randomized complete block design. Growth parameters of the juvenile oils were assessed. Results revealed that at 16 weeks after intercropping (WAI), the intercropped oil palm recorded better growth performance with higher canopy spread, number of frond, number of leaflets and trunk height (218.20, 37.00, 87.48 and 38.17 cm) respectively, than the sole oil palms (214.67, 32.83, 72.89 and 31.67 cm) respectively. There were no significant difference in all the growth parameters examined except canopy height (p < 0.05). Juvenile oil palm cultivated in rainforest agroecological zone of Nigeria can be intercropped with fruit vegetables without any deleterious effect when intercropped at minimum of 1 m away from the oil palms.

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CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MAMOEIRO FERTIRRIGADO COM DIFERENTES COMBINAÇÕES DE FONTES NITROGENADAS

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2007v12n4p575-586 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 575-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tatyane Velasco Souza ◽

Vital Pedro da Silva Paz ◽

Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽

Francisco Adriano de Carvalho Pereira ◽

Carlos Alberto da Silva Ledo

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Sulfate ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Biometric Data ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference

CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MAMOEIRO FERTIRRIGADO COM DIFERENTES COMBINAÇÕES DE FONTES NITROGENADAS Tatyane Velasco Souza1; Vital Pedro da Silva Paz1; Eugênio Ferreira Coelho2; Francisco Adriano de Carvalho Pereira1; Carlos Alberto da Silva Ledo21Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, [email protected] 2Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Cruz das Almas, BA, [email protected] 1 RESUMO O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos de diferentes combinações de fontes nitrogenadas (sulfato de amônio e nitrato de cálcio), aplicadas via água de irrigação, sobre os componentes biométricos e de produção do mamoeiro Tainung n°1. O experimento foi desenvolvido no campo experimental da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, em Cruz das Almas, Bahia, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Foram obtidos dados biométricos (altura de planta, diâmetro de caule e área foliar) e de produção. Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias de crescimento e produtividade do mamoeiro nos diversos tratamentos, indicando não haver diferença entre as fontes nítrica e amoniacal para fertirrigação. A substituição do sulfato de amônio por nitrato de cálcio como única fonte nitrogenada para o mamoeiro promoveu um ganho de produtividade de 14,79%, elevando, porém, o custo de produção em 649,84%. A aplicação de nitrogênio ao solo no período de 12 meses, considerando 50% do período com sulfato de amônio e 50% com de nitrato de cálcio, não causou acidificação ou aumento do pH do solo. UNITERMOS: Fertirrigação, parâmetros biométricos, produtividade. SOUZA, T. V.; PAZ, V. P. da S.; COELHO, E. F.; PEREIRA, F. A. de C.; LEDO, C. A. da S. GROWTH AND YIELD OF PAPAYA UNDER COMBINATIONS OF NITROGEN SOURCES APPLIED BY IRRIGATION WATER 2 ABSTRACT The purpose of this work was to study the effects of different combinations of nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate and calcium nitrate), applied by irrigation water, on biometric and production parameters of papaya cv. Tainung # 1. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, in Cruz dasAlmas,Bahia, under a randomized block design, with five treatments and five replications. Biometric data (plant height, stem diameter and leaf area) and production ones were collected. There was no significant difference among treatments, i.e., no difference between the nitrical and ammoniacal nitrogen sources at growth and production stages of the crop. The replacement of ammonium sulfate by calcium nitrate as the only nitrogen source for papaya provided a gain of 14.79% in yield, but the productions of cost increased 649.84%. The application of nitrogen to the soil during 12 months by ammonium sulfate during 50% of the period and calcium nitrate in the remaining did not cause acidification or increase of soil pH.KEYWORDS: Fertirrigation, growth parameters, productivity

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Variedades de Citrus podem afetar a comunidade de fungos do solo?

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v7i2.1763 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kryssia Gislayne Pinheiro Melo ◽

Angélica Ricarte Da Silva ◽

Adriana Mayumi Yano- Melo

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Block Design ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Colony Forming Unit ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Citrus Varieties ◽

Total Fungi

Microorganisms are essential for maintaining soil quality, among which stand out the fungi. The association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorous solubilizing fungi (PSF) in its rhizosphere can benefit citrus plants, since these fungi can contribute to an increase in plant development due to the greater availability of water and nutrients. The present study aimed to evaluate if the amount of total fungi, AMF and PSF in the rhizosphere can be affected by the Citrus varieties. Soil samples were collected from the experiment conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with six Citrus varieties (Page, Pera D9, D12 Pera Pera C21, Pineaple and Ruby). Regarding the evaluated quantitative variables, there was a significant negative simple linear correlation only between the mycorrhizal colonization (MC) and the number of colony forming unit (CFU)/mL of PSF. The number of CFU/mL of soil FPS did not differed statistically between the Citrus varieties rhizosphere, but for total (TF) fungi a significant difference was observed, especially for the ‘Pineaple’, variety that provided higgher mean for the number of CFU/mL, differing from the ‘Page’ variety. All Citrus varieties presented root colonization by AMF and there was a significant difference among the evaluated varieties, however only ‘Rubi’ and ‘Pineaple’ differed from the others. Citrus varieties do not affect PSF quantity nor MC percentual in their rhizosphere but ‘Page’ and ‘Pineaple’ varieties stand out for glomerospores quantity of AMF and TF CFU/mL.

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Isolation and Identification of Trichoderma Species and Investigating their Seed Treatment Effect on Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Germination

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/cerce-2018-0024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

M. Ghasemialitappeh ◽

M. Sadravi ◽

A. Mirabadi

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Control Group ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Trichoderma Species ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Trichoderma fungus species are highly populations of fungi in world that they can colonize roots as plant symbiosis. Various types of Trichoderma are free-living fungi that are, generally, saprophytic on the remains of soil. In addition to its role in biological control, this fungus increases plant yield and growth. So far, many studies have been conducted to examine the ability of this agent to reduce biological tensions and biological control of plant pathogens. Thus, this study was conducted to isolate and identify species of Trichoderma fungus from rapeseed fields in Golestan and Qazvin province from Iran, and also to study isolated species on germination percentage and growth parameters of rapeseed seedlings in a randomized complete block design with three replications in vitro. Based on the results, three species of T. harzianum, T. virens, and T. atroviride were identified, which the isolate of T. harzianum Ta19 showed a significant effect on the control group and other treatments in increasing germination percentage, root length and stem; whereas, the seeds treated with the isolate T. atroviride Ta11 showed no significant difference with the control group in spite of the increase in seed germination rate in comparison with the control and other treatments. According to the results, the use of Trichoderma fungus as a seed treatment like other researches on different products is recommended for increasing the growth of rapeseed.

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Response of Tomato Variety (Roma F) Yield to Different Mulch Materials and Staking in Kabba, Kogi State, Nigeria

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v3i2.7568 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 61 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ogundare S. K. ◽

Babatunde I. J. ◽

Etukudo O. O.

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Land Area ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Variety ◽

Significant Difference

This experiment was carried out at student’s experimental field, Kabba College of Agriculture, Horticultural Section to investigate the response of tomato variety (Roma F) yield to different mulch materials and staking. A split plot experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to randomize the staking levels and mulch materials in the main and sub-plots, respectively. The experiment comprised of two staking levels, i.e. stick staking (SST) and no- stick staking (NST) and six mulch materials, i.e. black polyethylene, white polyethylene, maize straw, palm fronts, grasses and no mulch. The parameters taken on soil physical and chemical properties are soil moisture content (%), soil temperature (O C), soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and soil organic matter. Growth and yield parameters taken are as follows: average plant height, number of leaves, and number of fruits, stem girth, number of fruit per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and yield per land area. Weeds were identified and their dry weights were measured. Data were collected from ten randomly selected plants in each plot. The data were statistically analyzed using GENSTAT. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to find out the significance of variation among the treatments while the significant difference between mean treatments were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability. The result obtained from this study indicated that mulch materials and stick staking affect significantly growth parameters of tomato, yield per plant and yield per land area. The result also, indicated that plot mulch with black polythene performance best in terms of growth and yield and also improved soil physical properties better than either white polythene or organic mulch in the study area. It is therefore recommended that black polyethylene should be used as mulch materials for tomato production. However, better and stable fruit yield of tomato could be obtained with the practice of mulching in combination with staking. It is recommended that mulching should be carried out together with staking for higher fruit yield and black polyethylene should be use as mulch material in the study area.

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