scholarly journals On the Notion of Person in Confucianism

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Bogumił Gacka
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Boston University ◽  
Universal Love ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Will

The article presents the notion of person in Confucianism in the context of biographical background of Confucius (551-479 B.C.). As an itinerant sage Confucius taught the practical significance of moral values in the social and political life. His disciples collected his teachings in Analects, in which Confucius noticed that at his age of 50 he knew the will of Heaven (A 11:4). He began to teach Humanism with respect to Transcendence (T’ien).According to the great specialists, Prof. Tu Wei-Ming (Harvard University) and Prof. John Berthrong (Boston University), “the social dimension” of the human person in Confucianism is important and the person is conceived as “a center of relationships” and as a self of personal development (selfhood as creative transformation). There are five universal ways in human relations which are governed by five moral principles. The five ways are those governing the relationships between ruler and minister, between father and son, between husband and wife, between elder and younger brothers, and those in the intercourse between friends. The core of the human person is humanity (jen or ren).Just as “compassion” is the greatest Buddhist virtue, and “love” the Christian, jen is the ultimate goal of conduct and self-transformation for the Confucian. According to Confucius, education reforms a personal life as well as a social and political life in order to realize a universal love and a personal development of man (juncy).

scholarly journals A ÉTICA CRISTÃ DO AMOR EM KIERKEGAARD

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Domingos Manuel Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Erotic Love ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Expression ◽  
Works Of Love ◽  
Christian Love

RESUMO: O mandamento do amor ao próximo constitui o âmago das Obras do Amor de Kierkegaard. Nesta obra, o amor cristão é definido em contraposição ao amor natural, nomeadamente ao amor erótico e à amizade. Em virtude da sua natureza passional, o amor natural é uma forma de amor de si mesmo e não comporta exigência ética. No amor cristão, pelo contrário, o outro é amado como próximo, não em resultado de predileção, mas porque Deus ordena esse amor. Não obstante as dissemelhanças entre o amor natural e o amor cristão, não existe relação antitética entre estas duas formas de amor. Do ponto de vista cristão, o que é problemático no amor natural é a exclusividade egoísta, que o mandamento do amor ao próximo erradica ao estabelecer a equidade no amor. A proeminência dada ao mandamento do amor será considerada à luz da concomitante ênfase de Kierkegaard em esforço e dom, obras e graça, lei e amor. A interpretação Kierke­gaardiana da doutrina do amor tem sido frequentemente criticada por descurar a dimensão social da ética cristã e espiritualizar o amor ao próximo. Embora seja inegável a existência de um certo desapreço por uma ética do amor orientada para transformações sociais, tal não implica menosprezo pela importância de promover o bem-estar social e material da pessoa humana. Kierkegaard visa antes mostrar a diferença qualitativa que existe entre a prática do amor cristão e a expressão política e social de generosidade organizada.ABSTRACT: The command of loving one’s neighbor is at the core of Kiekegaard’s Works of Love. In this book, Christian love is defined in opposition to natural love, namely erotic love and friendship. Due to its passionate nature, natural love is aform of self-love and contains no ethical demand. In Christian love, on the con­trary, the other is loved as one’s neighbor, not because of preference, but because God commands that love. Notwithstanding the dissimilarities between natural love and Christian love, these two forms of love are not antithetically related. From a Christian point of view, what is problematic in natural love is its egotistic exclusivity, which love for the neighbor eliminates by establishing equality in loving. The prominence given to the command of love will be considered in light of Kierkegaard’s simultaneous emphasis on effort and gift, works and grace, law and love. The Kierkegaardian interpretation of the doctrine of love has often been criticized for neglecting the social dimension of Christian ethics. While a certain disregard for an ethic of love directed towards social change is undeniably pres­ent, this does not imply disdain for the importance of promoting the social and material well-being of the human person. Kierkegaard’s concern is, rather, to show that a qualitative difference exists between the practice of Christian love and the political and social expression of organized generosity.

scholarly journals A ÉTICA CRISTÃ DO AMOR EM KIERKEGAARD

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Domingos Manuel Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Erotic Love ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Expression ◽  
Works Of Love ◽  
Christian Love

RESUMO: O mandamento do amor ao próximo constitui o âmago das Obras do Amor de Kierkegaard. Nesta obra, o amor cristão é definido em contraposição ao amor natural, nomeadamente ao amor erótico e à amizade. Em virtude da sua natureza passional, o amor natural é uma forma de amor de si mesmo e não comporta exigência ética. No amor cristão, pelo contrário, o outro é amado como próximo, não em resultado de predileção, mas porque Deus ordena esse amor. Não obstante as dissemelhanças entre o amor natural e o amor cristão, não existe relação antitética entre estas duas formas de amor. Do ponto de vista cristão, o que é problemático no amor natural é a exclusividade egoísta, que o mandamento do amor ao próximo erradica ao estabelecer a equidade no amor. A proeminência dada ao mandamento do amor será considerada à luz da concomitante ênfase de Kierkegaard em esforço e dom, obras e graça, lei e amor. A interpretação Kierke­gaardiana da doutrina do amor tem sido frequentemente criticada por descurar a dimensão social da ética cristã e espiritualizar o amor ao próximo. Embora seja inegável a existência de um certo desapreço por uma ética do amor orientada para transformações sociais, tal não implica menosprezo pela importância de promover o bem-estar social e material da pessoa humana. Kierkegaard visa antes mostrar a diferença qualitativa que existe entre a prática do amor cristão e a expressão política e social de generosidade organizada.ABSTRACT: The command of loving one’s neighbor is at the core of Kiekegaard’s Works of Love. In this book, Christian love is defined in opposition to natural love, namely erotic love and friendship. Due to its passionate nature, natural love is aform of self-love and contains no ethical demand. In Christian love, on the con­trary, the other is loved as one’s neighbor, not because of preference, but because God commands that love. Notwithstanding the dissimilarities between natural love and Christian love, these two forms of love are not antithetically related. From a Christian point of view, what is problematic in natural love is its egotistic exclusivity, which love for the neighbor eliminates by establishing equality in loving. The prominence given to the command of love will be considered in light of Kierkegaard’s simultaneous emphasis on effort and gift, works and grace, law and love. The Kierkegaardian interpretation of the doctrine of love has often been criticized for neglecting the social dimension of Christian ethics. While a certain disregard for an ethic of love directed towards social change is undeniably pres­ent, this does not imply disdain for the importance of promoting the social and material well-being of the human person. Kierkegaard’s concern is, rather, to show that a qualitative difference exists between the practice of Christian love and the political and social expression of organized generosity.

scholarly journals The Construction of the Neoliberal Self in Belgrade Psychotherapeutic Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Vukomanović
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Relationship

The processes of neoliberalization and European integration in Serbia have been underway for some time, and in addition to their effect on certain elements of the social structure such as the family, the economy, political life etc., their impact is also evident in the way that Serbian citizens perceive themselves and their position in this environment. Due to reduced social protection, the withdrawal of the state from the public sphere, and increasing financial and employment insecurity, individuals are obliged to assume responsibility for their lives and to engage in self-improvement with the aim of personal development and the finding of new survival strategies. Through interviews with psychotherapists and persons who have used the services of private psychotherapy, this paper looks at the relationship between private psychotherapeutic practice in Belgrade as a technique for self-improvement and the construction of the self in its clients, and then relates it to the broader socio-economic context in which the respondents live and work. The findings suggest that with regard to its clients, private psychotherapeutic practice mirrors the emphasis on independence, autonomy and responsibility for one's life and life decisions, which are typical features of the entrepreneurial self characteristic of the period of post-socialist neoliberalization.

scholarly journals Człowiek jako istota osobowa w świetle antropologii biblijnej

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Stanisław Ormanty
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Biblical Anthropology

This article presents a general outline of biblical anthropology that constitutes the contents foundation of philosophical anthropology. Within the scope of the biblical view of man two basic dimensions of man play the decisive role: the personal and the social dimension. The personal being and the social being remain in close relationship with each other.Being a person on the human level is characterized by direction towards community and development within community. Furthermore, a specifically human community takes shape through respect for and support of human personality. A human person is a relation; only through the relation man becomes a person in its entireness. In other words, a human being exists within communication, realizes himself by means of communication.The notion of person can be described by distinguishing and emphasizing its various facets: a person is an individual founded in the spiritual nature, possessing a quality of irreplaceable or non-interchangeable autonomy. A person is shaped by spirit and constitutes an unrepeatable and self-governed unity and wholeness.This article presents man as wholeness to which belong three basic human manifestations: that of the body, the soul and the spirit, as it is presented in the Judaistic biblical exegesis of Creation (Gen. 2: 7). Within the spiritual aspect of man focus was placed on the notions of reason and freedom as well as language and culture.

Women in Power and Decision making Positions : Conditions and Restraints

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Azza Charara Baydoun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slow Progress

Women today are considered to be outside the political and administrative power structures and their participation in the decision-making process is non-existent. As far as their participation in the political life is concerned they are still on the margins. The existence of patriarchal society in Lebanon as well as the absence of governmental policies and procedures that aim at helping women and enhancing their political participation has made it very difficult for women to be accepted as leaders and to be granted votes in elections (UNIFEM, 2002).This above quote is taken from a report that was prepared to assess the progress made regarding the status of Lebanese women both on the social and governmental levels in light of the Beijing Platform for Action – the name given to the provisions of the Fourth Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995. The above quote describes the slow progress achieved by Lebanese women in view of the ambitious goal that requires that the proportion of women occupying administrative or political positions in Lebanon should reach 30 percent of thetotal by the year 2005!

Artistic-professional strategies in the music sector. The case of the jazz scene in Barcelona

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Marta Casals Balaguer
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Artistic Identity ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

This article aims to analyse the strategies that jazz musicians in Barcelona adopt to develop their artistic careers. It focuses on studying three main areas that influ-ence the construction of their artistic-professional strategies: a) the administrative dimension, characterized mainly by management and promotion tasks; b) the artistic-creative dimension, which includes the construction of artistic identity and the creation of works of art; and c) the social dimension within the collective, which groups together strategies related to the dynamics of cooperation and col-laboration between the circle of musicians. The applied methodology came from a qualitative perspective, and the main research methods were semi-structured inter-views conducted with active professional musicians in Barcelona and from partic-ipant observation.

SOCIALIZATION AND SOCIAL QUALITY AS INSTRUMENTS OF THE STATE POLICY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Valeriy HEYETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Social Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Individual

Self-realization of the individual in the conditions of using the policy of “social quality” as a modern tool of public administration in a transitional society is largely related to overcoming the existing limitations of the individual in acting in such a society and economy transitioning to a market character. Given that, in particular, in Ukraine the market is hybrid (and this is especially important), the existing limitations in self-realization of the individual must be overcome, including, and perhaps primarily, through transformations in the processes of socialization, which differ from European practices and institutions that ensure its implementation. Thus, it is a matter of overcoming not only and not so much the natural selfish interests of the individual, but the existing gap in skills, which are an invisible asset to ensure the endogenous nature of economic growth. It is shown that there is an inverse relationship between the formation of socialization and the policy of “social quality”, which is characterized by the dialectic of interaction between the individual and the group and which is a process of increasing the degree of socialization. The latter, due to interdependence, will serve to increase the effectiveness of interaction between the individual and the group, which expands the possibilities of self-realization of the individual in terms of European policy of “social quality” as a tool of public administration, whose successful application causes new challenges and content of the so-called secondary sociology. The logic of Ukraine's current development shows that new approaches are needed to achieve the social development goals set out in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union and to minimize the potential risks and threats that accompany current reforms in Ukrainian society. They should introduce new forms of public administration to create policy interrelationships of all dimensions, as proposed, in particular, by the social quality approach to socialization, the nature of which has been revealed in the author's previous publications. As a result, the socio-cultural (social) dimension will fundamentally change, the structure of which must include the transformational processes of socialization of a person, thanks to which they will learn the basics of life in the new social reality and intensify their social and economic interaction on the basis of self-realization, thereby contributing to the success of state policy of social quality and achieving stable socio-economic development.

PENERAPAN PROSEDUR MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WAKAF DI PENGADILAN AGAMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Syufaat Syufaat
Keyword(s):  
Social Dimension ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Proof ◽  
Religious Courts

Waqf has two dimensional meaning; the spiritual dimension that is taqarrub to Allah and the social dimension as the source of Islamic financial for the welfare of the people. Waqf disputes can be caused by several reasons; waqf land is not accompanied with a pledge; waqf is done on the basis of mutual trust so it has no legal proof and ownership. Currently, the choice to use the court is less effective in resolving disputes. Hence, the public ultimately chooses non-litigation efforts as a way to resolve the disputes. Mediation process is preferred by many as it is viewed to be the fairest way where none of the two parties wins or loses (win-win solution). It is also fast and cheap. This study is intended to examine how to solve waqf dispute with mediation model according to the waqf law, and how the application of mediation in the Religious Courts system

The Ideology of Socialism and the Armenian Political Parties

wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Gegham HOVHANNISYAN
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Given

The article covers the manifestations and peculiarities of the ideology of socialism in the social-political life of Armenia at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. General characteristics, aims and directions of activity of the political organizations functioning in the Armenian reality within the given time-period, whose program documents feature the ideology of socialism to one degree or another, are given (Hunchakian Party, Dashnaktsutyun, Armenian Social-democrats, Specifics, Socialists-revolutionaries). The specific peculiarities of the national-political life of Armenia in the given time-period and their impact on the ideology of political forces are introduced.

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