Separation Performance of Nanostructured Ceramic Membranes: Analytical Model Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashallah Rezakazemi ◽  
Saeed Shirazian
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Nanostructured Ceramic

AbstractNanostructured ceramic membranes have shown considerable separation performance. In this work, an analytical model is developed to evaluate the separation performance of porous ceramic membranes in gas separation applications. The model takes into account three layers, i. e., (1) active layer, (2) interlayer, and (3) support layer. For estimation of sorption at the interface of feed stream and membrane, the partition coefficient model was used and the unsteady-state conservation of mass equation coupled to molecular models of the diffusivity coefficient was used to predict the permeation of penetrant hydrogen gas through a ceramic membrane. It was observed that the model can be readily applied to other systems of interest as a predictive tool.

scholarly journals Gravity-Driven Separation of Oil/Water Mixture by Porous Ceramic Membranes with Desired Surface Wettability

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Chunlei Ren ◽  
Wufeng Chen ◽  
Chusheng Chen ◽  
Louis Winnubst ◽  
Lifeng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Alumina Membranes ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Gravity Driven ◽  
Oil Water

Porous Al2O3 membranes were prepared through a phase-inversion tape casting/sintering method. The alumina membranes were embedded with finger-like pores perpendicular to the membrane surface. Bare alumina membranes are naturally hydrophilic and underwater oleophobic, while fluoroalkylsilane (FAS)-grafted membranes are hydrophobic and oleophilic. The coupling of FAS molecules on alumina surfaces was confirmed by Thermogravimetric Analysis and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy measurements. The hydrophobic membranes exhibited desired thermal stability and were super durable when exposed to air. Both membranes can be used for gravity-driven oil/water separation, which is highly cost-effective. The as-calculated separation efficiency (R) was above 99% for the FAS-grafted alumina membrane. Due to the excellent oil/water separation performance and good chemical stability, the porous ceramic membranes display potential for practical applications.

Mass Transfer in Tubular Ceramic Membranes for Polluted Water Treatment - Numerical Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 16-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Saraiva de Souza ◽  
S. José dos Santos Filho ◽  
Severino Rodrigues de Farias Neto ◽  
A.G. Barbosa de Lima ◽  
H.A. Luma Fernandes Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Water Separation

Innovative technologies are needed to attend the increasingly strict requirements for produced water treatment, since most of the separation processes are limited to particles larger than 10 μm. Separation processes using ceramic membranes are attracting great interest from academic and industrial community. Nevertheless, few studies, especially numerical, regarding the inorganic membrane’s application for the polluted water separation have been reported. In the present work, therefore, a study of fluid-flow dynamics for a laminar regime in porous tubes (tubular porous ceramic membrane) has been performed. The mass, momentum and mass transport conservation equations were solved with the aid of a structured mesh using ANSYS CFX commercial package. The velocity of local permeation was determined using the resistance in series model. The specific resistance of the polarized layer was obtained by Carman-Kozeny equation. The numerical results were evaluated and compared with the results available in the literature, where by a good agreement with each other was found. The numerical results, obtained by the proposed shell and tubular membrane separation module, indicate that there is facilitation of mass transfer and hence a reduction in the thickness of the polarized boundary layer occurs.

Mullite ceramic membranes for industrial oily wastewater treatment: experimental and neural network modeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shokrkar ◽  
A. Salahi ◽  
N. Kasiri ◽  
T. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Neural Network Modeling ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Permeation Flux ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Mullite Ceramic

In this paper, results of an experimental and modeling of separation of oil from industrial oily wastewaters (desalter unit effluent of Seraje, Ghom gas wells, Iran) with mullite ceramic membranes are presented. Mullite microfiltration symmetric membranes were synthesized from kaolin clay and α-alumina powder. The results show that the mullite ceramic membrane has a high total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand rejection (94 and 89%, respectively), a low fouling resistance (30%) and a high final permeation flux (75 L/m2 h). Also, an artificial neural network, a predictive tool for tracking the inputs and outputs of a non-linear problem, is used to model the permeation flux decline during microfiltration of oily wastewater. The aim was to predict the permeation flux as a function of feed temperature, trans-membrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, oil concentration and filtration time, using a feed-forward neural network. Finally the structure of hidden layers and nodes in each layer with minimum error were reported leading to a 4–15 structure which demonstrated good agreement with the experimental measurements with an average error of less than 2%.

scholarly journals Preparation of high permeable alumina ceramic membrane with good separation performance via UV curing technique

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 13567-13577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Weiya Zhu ◽  
Kang Guan ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Jianqing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Dip Coating Method

The traditional dip-coating method for preparation of ceramic membranes requires a long drying time and easily produces drying defects. In this work, an improved dip-coating process was proposed.

scholarly journals Preparation of a High-Performance Porous Ceramic Membrane by a Two-Step Coating Method and One-Step Sintering

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwen Hu ◽  
Yulong Yang ◽  
Qibing Chang ◽  
Fengli Liu ◽  
Yongqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Hole Defects

Hole defects and uneven membrane thicknesses can lead to poor performance, especially in the separation stability of ceramic membranes. This paper uses a one-step sintering method, which avoids hole defects and uneven membrane thicknesses, for the preparation of high-performance and defect-free ceramic membranes. For this purpose, two kinds of ceramic membrane slurry with high or low viscosities were prepared by alumina particles, as raw materials. Both the effects of the two coating process with a one-step coating method for low-viscosity slurry, and the two-step coating method with a high viscosity flush after a low viscosity coating, on the surface properties of a ceramic membrane, were studied in detail. The result shows that the properties of ceramic membranes can be improved by a two-step coating method, with a high viscosity flush after a low viscosity coating, A high-performance and defect-free ceramic membrane was obtained by one-step sintering at 1450 °C for 2 hr with 7 wt % solid content and a coating time of 11 s.

scholarly journals Impact of Permeable Membrane on the Hydrocyclone Separation Performance for Oily Water Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Sirlene A. Nunes ◽  
Hortência L. F. Magalhães ◽  
Severino R. de Farias Neto ◽  
Antonio G. B. Lima ◽  
Lucas P. C. Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
Oily Water Treatment ◽  
Velocity Pressure ◽  
Porous Ceramic Membrane

In the oil industry and academy, the treatment of water contaminated with oil using conventional hydrocyclones and membranes has been an alternative to meet the requirements established by environmental control agencies. However, such equipment is not fully efficient in the treatment of much diluted oily water, with both presenting restrictions in their performance. In this sense, the present work proposes to study the separation process of oily water using a new configuration of hydrocyclone, equipped with a porous ceramic membrane in the conical part’s wall (filtering hydrocyclone). For the theoretical study, a Eulerian–Eulerian approach was applied to solve the mass and momentum conservation equations, and the turbulence model, using the computational fluid dynamics technique. The results of the velocity, pressure and volumetric fraction of the involved phases, and the separation performance of the hydrocyclone, are presented, analyzed, and compared with those obtained with a conventional hydrocyclone. The results confirmed the high potential of the proposed equipment to be used in the separation of the water and oil mixture.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Amanmyrat Abdullayev ◽  
Paul H. Kamm ◽  
Maged F. Bekheet ◽  
Aleksander Gurlo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Membrane Fabrication

Porous ceramic membranes for aqueous microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes suffer from the high-costs of material and processing. The latter is mainly due to the high-temperature sintering step. In this work, cement-based membrane supports from ultrafine Portland cement are studied as a low-cost alternative to traditional oxidic ceramic supports. An environmentally friendly freeze-casting fabrication route is applied for the fabrication of porous membrane supports. Cement membrane supports are becoming mechanically stabile after hydration reaction of cement with water, which does not require any high-temperature sintering step as in a conventional ceramic membrane fabrication process. This fabrication route, which is sintering-free, decreases the cost and environmental impact of the membrane fabrication process by eliminating extra energy consumption step during sintering. The Archimedes method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-computed tomographic (µCT), and mercury porosimetry characterize the membrane supports in respect to open porosity, pore size distribution, morphology, and connectivity. The flexural strength of the 3 mm thick membranes is in the range from 1 to 6 MPa, as obtained by the ring-on-ring tests. The obtained membrane supports possess porosity in the range between 48 and 73% depending on fabrication conditions (cooling rate and the solid content, as determined by Archimedes method enabling water flux in the range between 79 and 180 L/(h·m2) at 0.5 bar transmembrane pressure difference and 3 mm membrane thickness.

scholarly journals A Novel Porous Ceramic Membrane Supported Monolithic Cu-Doped Mn–Ce Catalysts for Benzene Combustion

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Zhaxi Cuo ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Yan Gong ◽  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Haidi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Benzene Oxidation ◽  
Gas Filtration ◽  
Total Oxidation

Porous ceramic membranes (PCMs) are considered as an efficient hot gas filtration material in industrial systems. Functionalization of the PCMs with high-efficiency catalysts for the abatement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during dust elimination is a promising way to purify the industrial exhaust gases. In this work, we prepared PCMs (porosity: 70%) in a facile sintering process and integrated Cu-doped Mn–Ce oxides into the PCMs as monolithic catalysts by the sol–gel method for benzene oxidation. Through this method, the catalysts are dispersed evenly throughout the PCMs with excellent adhesion, and the catalytic PCMs provided more active sites for the reactant gases during the catalytic reaction process compared to the powder catalysts. The physicochemical properties of PCMs and catalytic PCMs were characterized systematically, and the catalytic activities were measured in total oxidation of benzene. As a result, all the prepared catalytic PCMs exhibited high catalytic activity for benzene oxidation. Significantly, the monolithic catalyst of Cu0.2Mn0.6Ce0.2/PCMs obtained the lowest temperature for benzene conversion efficiency of 90% (T90) at 212 °C with a high gaseous hourly space velocity of 5000 h−1 and showed strong resistance to high humidity (90 vol.%, 20 °C) with long-term stability in continuous benzene stream, which is caused by abundant active adsorbed oxygen, more surficial oxygen vacancy, and lower-temperature reducibility.

scholarly journals Sayong Ball Clay Membrane for Copper and Nickel Removal from Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Nurhanna Mohd Zaidan ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad ◽  
Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Muazu Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Removal ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Ball Clay

An adsorption filtration mechanism using porous ceramic membranes was proposed for the removal of heavy metals from the effluent of the UTM Lake. The effectiveness of the removal depends on kaolinite microparticle which is used as an adsorption agent in ceramic membranes. In this work, Sayong ball clay (SBC) from Malaysia was used in the preparation of the ceramic membrane. Sayong ball clay membranes were fabricated by gel casting (GC) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods. The effect of kaolinite and pore size on copper and nickel removal was investigated. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mercury porosimetry, and adsorption analysis were used to relate with the adsorption performance. It is found that kaolinite with the 14:1 ratio of monomers in the GC-SBC membrane performed the highest heavy metal removal.

Application of the ceramic membrane with hydrophobic skin layer to separation of activated sludge

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Nomura ◽  
Takao Fujii ◽  
Motoyuki Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cake Layer

Porous membrane of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) was formed on the surface of porous ceramic tubes by means of heat treatment of the PTFE particles deposit layer prepared by filtering PTFE microparticles emulsified in aqueous phase. By means of inert gas permeation, pore size was determined and compared with scanning electron micrograph observation. Also rejection measurement of aqueous dextran solutions of wide range of molecular weights showed consistent results regarding the pore size. Since the membrane prepared by this method is stable and has unique features derived from PTFE, it is expected that the membrane has interesting applications in the field of water treatment. Membrane separation of activated sludge by this composite membrane and original ceramics membrane showed that the PTFE membrane gives better detachability of the cake layer formed on the membrane. This might be due to the hydrophobic nature of the PTFE skin layer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document