Prevalence, risk factors and consequences of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study in Kashmir, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ashraf Ganie ◽  
Gulzar Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmad Wani ◽  
Aafia Rashid ◽  
Showkat Ali Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackground:Obesity among children and adolescents is a growing public health problem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and metabolic consequences of obesity among schoolchildren from Kashmir, India.Methods:The study subjects (n=2024) included 870 boys and 1154 girls, aged between 6 and 18 years. Data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Information was obtained about different lifestyles, anthropometric parameters and dietary habits. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) percentile as per the guidelines of Centers for Disease Control, 2000. For the evaluation of different clinical parameters, blood samples were collected from the subjects in the fasting state at 8 to 9 am after an overnight (10–12 h) fast.Results:The highest representation of subjects was from fee-paying private schools. Out of the total subjects, 6.69% were overweight and 4.64% were obese. The hip circumference, abdominal circumference, BMI, blood pressure (BP), use of ready-made foods as well as the clinical parameters like glucose, phosphorous, cholesterol and triglycerides were found significantly higher among girls than boys (p<0.05). Boys were taller and were physically more active than girls (p<0.01). Compared to the boys (3.33%), the girls were found to be more obese (5.63%). Rural dwelling subjects (4.22%) exhibited a lower percentage of obesity than urban population (5.00%). The difference in obesity among the different age groups was found statistically significant (p<0.05). Additionally, children with active lives in the form of vigorous (10.59%) or moderate (10.34%) exercise decreased their chances of gaining weight substantially.Conclusions:Results from the present study have shown that prevalence of obesity among children was high in our population.

scholarly journals Study of the Prevalence of Obesity and Its Association with Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics and Morbidity Profile in a Population of Moroccan Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fatima Taoudi ◽  
Fatima Zahra Laamiri ◽  
Fatima Barich ◽  
Nadia Hasswane ◽  
Hassan Aguenaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Obesity is a real public health problem whose prevalence continues to increase throughout the world. It affects all age groups and does not spare pregnant women. This work aims to determine the prevalence of obesity and to study its association with maternal and neonatal characteristics and the morbidity profile of pregnancy. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in the maternity ward of the prefectural hospital center called “Sidi Lahcen” in Témara, Morocco, over a 12-month period. Maternal and neonatal data are collected through a preestablished questionnaire, and anthropometric parameters were recorded. 390 participants, aged between 18 and 43 years, were included in this study, with a prevalence of overweight and obesity of 34.9% and 41%, respectively. Correlation results revealed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly elevated in women over 25 years p < 0.001 . The rate of caesarean section was four times higher in obese women compared to women of normal weight (53.8% versus 12.8%; p = 0.018 ). The over-term was significantly high in the obese group compared to the nonobese group (33.8% versus 20.2%; p = 0.013 ). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between gestational body mass index and newborn birth weight (r = 0.29; p < 0.001 ) as well as a high prevalence of macrosomia in newborns of comparatively obese women compared to newborns of nonobese women (17.6% versus 9.6%; p = 0.041 ). The correlation analysis with the morbidity profile showed a significantly high preponderance of gestational diabetes, anemia, and toxemia of pregnancy in the obese group compared to the normal group p < 0.001 . This study clearly demonstrated that obesity during pregnancy is associated with higher risks of maternal and neonatal complications, the management of which places a burden on the health system as well as families. These data reinforce the need to improve antenatal care for the prevention of obesity and its preventable complications.

Prevalence of obesity and its risk factors among school children in Karachi, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Mansoori ◽  
Nighat Nisar ◽  
Naveen Shahid ◽  
Syed Muhammad Mubeen ◽  
Shahid Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted during 2012 in private and public-sector schools of Karachi to determine the prevalence and factors influencing overweight and obesity among school children (aged 11–15 years). Sociodemographic characteristics and dietary habits were explored. The CDC Growth Chart was used to record height and weight. Of a total of 887 children, being overweight and frankly obese was found in 169 (19.1%) and 96 (10.8%), respectively. Of these, 176 (66.4%) were from private schools, and significant associations were found in 202 (76.2%) who were spending > 2 h/day watching television and 139 (52.5%) sleeping > 8 h/day.

scholarly journals Association of high birth weight with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years: a national, cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e024532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
Zhongping Yang ◽  
Zhaogeng Yang ◽  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundThe prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China has drastically increased 57 times over the past 30 years, and to control birth weight is an effective way to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity across the life course.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to evaluate the association of high birth weight (HBW) with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years.MethodsAll students with HBW (n=4981) aged 6–18 years were selected from a cross-sectional survey from seven provinces of China, and 4981 other students with normal birth weight (NBW) were randomly sampled with matched gender, age and province. Anthropometric parameters were measured and characteristics were collected by questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the OR of overweight and obesity with HBW, unadjusted and adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsParticipants with HBW revealed higher body mass index in childhood. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly higher in the HBW group than in the NBW group (overweight 15.3% vs 13.1%, p<0.05; obesity 16.9% vs 10.6%, p<0.05), and the results were similar for overweight in all age groups except age 6–7, age 14–15 and age 16–18. Additionally, HBW was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.230; 95% CI 1.056 to 1.432) and obesity (OR=1.611; 95% CI 1.368 to 1.897) after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsHBW leads to an increased risk of overweight and obesity in childhood; thus, measures to control birth weight, such as controlling gestational weight gain, should be taken from the earliest beginning of life.Trial registration numberNCT02343588; Post-results.

scholarly journals Life style associated risk factors in teenage students, in Miraj town: a cross sectional descriptive study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2830
Author(s):  
Ganesh S. Lokhande ◽  
Sachin B. Jadhav ◽  
Shekhar S. Rajderkar ◽  
Yogita G. Bavaskar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Junior Colleges ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: The transition from childhood to adulthood may be referred to as ‘adolescence’ or ‘teenage’. Adolescence is not only a time of opportunity but also of vulnerability to risky behavior, which can have life-long consequences, especially on education, career and various aspects of health. Behavior patterns that influence health in adulthood have their origin in adolescence. Considering such factors, the present study had been undertaken with the objectives to study dietary habits and nutritional status of study population, to study knowledge, attitude & practices of study population regarding risk factors and to study the significant behavioral deviation including drug abuse.Methods: Cross sectional, descriptive study was being conducted in selected High schools and Junior Colleges in the Miraj town. The method of data collection was the pre-designed, pre-tested proforma. The data was analyzed by using SPSS.Results: Overall prevalence of under-nutrition was 49.83%. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 3.68% and 1.49% respectively. Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was more in participants with habit of eating outside home. Various forms of tobacco, alcohol and pan masala were used by 58.9% of the family members / friends / peer groups of the study participants.Conclusions: The students of age group 18-19 year were more likely to have risk taking behavior than students of age-group 13-17 year. 

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of hypertension and its relationship with overweight and obesity in adolescents and young adults, Nizamabad city

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3861
Author(s):  
G. Chethan Raj ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population

Background: The overall imbalance between unhealthy diet intake and physical activity leads to obesity which contributes to high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It is multi factorial disease and changes in the levels of blood pressure and blood lipids differ by age sex and race and are influenced by body fat and dietary patterns. These risk factors need to be monitored and evaluated in childhood and adolescents. So identifying and modifying the risk factors in early age reduces the incidence in adolescents and adult. Prevalence of hypertension varies across countries and states. The prevalence of hypertension in India is reported as ranging from 10 to 30.9%. The objective of the present study is to observe the prevalence hypertension among study population and to study contributing factors for hypertension among study population.Methods: A cross sectional study done on 100 adolescents and young adults of both sexes in the age group 17 to 25 years from 2 degree colleges randomly selected in Nizamabad city, Telangana, India.Results: In the present study population 52 were males and 48 were females, 22 students belongs to rural area and 78 belongs to urban area, pre-hypertension and hypertension was found 8% in both age groups. Overweight and obesity (>25) was found 7% in 17-19 age group and 9% in 20-25 age group. Pre-hypertension and hypertension was found among 10% of alcoholics.Conclusions: The result of our study concluded that there is increasing prevalence of hypertension with increase in age and is associated with overweight and obesity. 

scholarly journals Association of overweight and obesity with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with atherosclerotic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Maksimovic ◽  
Hristina Vlajinac ◽  
Djordje Radak ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Jadranka Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Carotid Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Summary Background The aim of this study was to compare demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics, including inflammatory markers, according to the nutritional status of patients with verified atherosclerotic disease. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 1045 consecutive patients with verified carotid disease or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Anthropometric parameters and data on cardiovascular risk factors and therapy for hypertension and hyperlipidemia were collected for all participants. Results Carotid disease was positively and PAD was negatively associated with body mass index (BMI). Negative association between obesity and PAD was significant only in former smokers, not in current smokers or in patients who never smoked. Overweight and general obesity were significantly related to metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), lower values of high – density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), increased triglycerides (p < 0.001), hyperglycemia (p < 0.001), self-reported diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), high serum uric acid (p < 0.001), increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.020) and former smoking (p = 0.005) after adjustment for age, gender and type of disease. Antihypertensive therapy seems to be less effective in patients who are overweight and obese. Conclusions In conclusion, overweight and general obesity were significantly related to several cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among a geriatric population living in a high-altitude region of rural Uttarakhand, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1904-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakriti Gupta ◽  
Umesh Kapil ◽  
Ritika Khandelwal ◽  
Preetika Khenduja ◽  
Neha Sareen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
North India ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and risk factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among a geriatric population living in a high-altitude region of India.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional study. Data were collected on sociodemographic profile and anthropometric parameters. Weight and height measurements were utilized for calculation of BMI. Nutrient intake data were collected using 24 h dietary recall.SettingHigh-altitude region of Nainital District, Uttarakhand State, North India.SubjectsCommunity-dwelling geriatric subjects (n981) aged 60 years or above.ResultsWe found that 26·6 % of the elderly subjects were underweight (BMI<18·5 kg/m2). Overweight (BMI 25·0–29·9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥30·0 kg/m2) was seen among 18·0 % and 4·6 %, respectively. After controlling for potential cofounders, risk factors such as low level of education and income, chewing problems and lower number of daily meals were found to be associated with underweight. On the other hand, risk factors for overweight/obesity were lower age, high income and unskilled work.ConclusionsThere is a need to develop and implement intervention strategies to prevent underweight, overweight and obesity among the geriatric population of India.

scholarly journals The Dual Burden of Malnutrition in Brazil Among Children 4–13.9 Years of Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
Andrea Anater ◽  
Kevin Mathias ◽  
Joel Hampton ◽  
Alison Eldridge ◽  
Vanessa Campos
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among children aged 4 to 13.9 years in Brazil. Methods Caregivers of a cross-sectional random sample of children aged 4–13.9 years (n = 970) identified in three census regions in Brazil were surveyed. Children's body weight and height were measured using a calibrated scale and a stadiometer following U.S. Centers for Disease Prevention and Control procedures. Reference cut-points generated from a previous sample of Brazilian children using the LMS method to calculated sex specific BMI growth curves that intersected BMIs of 17.5, 25 and 30, at 20 years of age, were used to define underweight, overweight and obese children, respectively. Results Among older children, the prevalence of underweight and obesity decreased while overweight remained relatively stable across all age groups. The percentage (% ± SE) for underweight, overweight, and obese among 4–6.9 year olds (n = 319) were 5.7 ± 1%, 36 ± 4%, and 17 ± 3%, respectively. For 7–10.9 year olds (n = 396), these percentages were 3.1 ± 1%, 38 ± 3%, and 13 ± 2%; and for 11–13.9 year olds (n = 255), 3.2 ± 2%, 37 ± 5%, and 10 ± 3%. The overall percentage of underweight, overweight, and obese for males (n = 508) were 2.8 ± 1%, 34 ± 3%, and 11 ± 2%; and for females (n = 462), 4.9 ± 1%, 40 ± 3%, and 16 ± 2%. The prevalence of malnutrition among females was higher than for males for each condition and across all age categories except among 7–10.9 year olds with overnutrition. Conclusions Brazil is a middle-income country undergoing a rapid nutrition transition. A shift in dietary patterns and consumption and energy expenditures can result in the double burden of malnutrition, characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight and obesity within the population. Both are serious health problems, particularly when they occur in childhood as the effects can linger into adulthood. In 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity remain elevated, as does underweight, particularly among females. Promotion of physical activity and encouraging healthy dietary habits are needed to curtail obesity and overweight rates, with poverty reduction efforts enhanced to address the prevalence of underweight children. Funding Sources This project was funded by Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.

scholarly journals Predictors of Overweight and Obesity among Children in Haldwani, Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Bhawna Choudhary ◽  
Nutan Singh ◽  
Ankush Bathla ◽  
Ramesh Chand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based

Background: Obesity has become a concerning pediatric health problem in the modern era with lifestyle changes in globalization, economic development and easy access to technology. The aim of the study is to study the anthropometric profile of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors. Subjects and Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was implemented among randomly chosen 100 obese  and overweight children aged between 10-18 years over 15 months. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and anthropometry was done and categorized as overweight and obese as per WHO BMI- age cutoff. Results: 41 % (n=41) were obese and 59% (n=59) were overweight. 65 % (n=65) were males. In all the age groups the mean weight of males was more except in the age group 10-12 years. Mean weight (64.39  12.88 kg) and mean BMI (26.04   1.95 kg/m2) of obese children is significantly higher than mean weight (56.73   9.76 kg) and mean BMI (23.25  1.98 kg/m2) of overweight children respectively. Risk factors like skipping breakfast (p= 0.034), calorie excess   (p= 0.032), junk food intake more than once (p=0.008) and junk food daily (p=0.036) were found to be significantly associated with childhood obesity. Conclusion: Sensitization of parents and teachers with school-based programs like active participation in sports, regular anthropometric examinations of students are important measures that can be taken to curb this rising problem.

scholarly journals Differences in Danish children's diet quality on weekdays v. weekend days

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1653-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit W Rothausen ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Camilla Hoppe ◽  
Per B Brockhoff ◽  
Lene F Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo compare differences in children's diet quality on weekdays (Monday–Thursday), Fridays and weekend days.DesignA representative cross-sectional study in which participants completed a 7 d pre-coded food record. Mean intakes of energy, macronutrients and selected food items (g/10 MJ) as well as energy density were compared between weekdays, Fridays and weekend days for each gender in three age groups (4–6, 7–10 and 11–14 years) using Tobit analysis to account for zero intakes.SettingThe Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity 2003–2008.SubjectsChildren (n 784; 49·9 % boys) aged 4–14 years.ResultsFor both genders in all age groups (P < 0·05), energy intake was higher during weekends than on weekdays, and intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages and white bread were higher, whereas intake of rye bread was lower. This contributed to a higher percentage of energy from added sugars, a lower fibre content and a higher energy density on weekend days v. weekdays. In children aged 4–6 and 7–10 years, the diet on weekend days was also characterized by higher intakes of sweets and chocolate and lower intakes of fruit and vegetables. Overall, the diet on Fridays appeared as a mix of the diets on weekdays and weekend days.ConclusionsSignificant differences and distinct characteristic patterns were found in children's diet quality during weekdays, Fridays and weekend days. The present study suggests that in prevention of childhood overweight and obesity, more attention should be paid to the higher energy intake, especially from sugar-rich foods and beverages, on Fridays and weekend days.

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