scholarly journals Stiffness of Railway Soil-Steel Structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Czesław Machelski
Keyword(s):  
Moving Load ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Influence Line ◽  
Service Load ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Earth Fill ◽  
The Given

Abstract The considerable influence of the soil backfill properties and that of the method of compacting it on the stiffness of soil-steel structures is characteristic of the latter. The above factors (exhibiting randomness) become apparent in shell deformation measurements conducted during construction and proof test loading. A definition of soil-shell structure stiffness, calculated on the basis of shell deflection under the service load, is proposed in the paper. It is demonstrated that the stiffness is the inverse of the deflection influence function used in structural mechanics. The moving load methodology is shown to be useful for testing, since it makes it possible to map the shell deflection influence line also in the case of group loads (concentrated forces), as in bridges. The analyzed cases show that the shell’s span, geometry (static scheme) and the height of earth fill influence the stiffness of the structure. The soil-steel structure’s characteristic parameter in the form of stiffness k is more suitable for assessing the quality of construction works than the proposed in code geometric index ω applied to beam structures. As shown in the given examples, parameter k is more effective than stiffness parameter λ used to estimate the deformation of soil-steel structures under construction. Although the examples concern railway structures, the methodology proposed in the paper is suitable also for road bridges.

scholarly journals Improvement of the method for comparing subsidence of structures using the Fischer’s F-test and the Foster-Stuart test

2021 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Abdusali Suyunov ◽  
Shukhrat Suyunov ◽  
Malika Aminjanova ◽  
Kamola Rakhmatullaeva
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
F Test ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Industrial Structures ◽  
Deformation Intensity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Statistical Definition

To improve the quality of construction and increase the durability of engineering structures under construction, complex geodetic works should be performed, including geodetic observations of deformations of structures. These observations are carried out during the construction of buildings and structures and their operation, mainly before the period of deformation stabilization. In this regard, a reliable statistical definition of deformations close to the limit is necessary, based on the data of geodetic observations. The research helps to improve the definition of deformations of structures using the Fischer’s F-test and the Foster-Stuart test, based on analysis of the measurements of horizontal and vertical monitoring of industrial structures. According to the results, the magnitude of the subsidence plays a more significant role from than its absolute value, thus the value of the deformation intensity is of primary importance in justifying observation periodicity.

scholarly journals Comparative estimation of life quality in women of early postmenopausal period depending on level of mdbt after menopausae developed in the natural way and as a result of ovarioectomia

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
I. Е. Zazerskaja ◽  
V. G. Jakovlev ◽  
L. А. Alexandrova ◽  
А. V. Djachuk ◽  
D. А. Niauri
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
Estrogen Deficiency ◽  
Climacteric Symptoms ◽  
Painful Syndrome ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
The Given ◽  
Natural Way

Last years the attention of researchers is involved in studying of role of calcic homeostasis infringements in development of not only bone rarefication, but also osteoartrosis, arteriosclerosis, arterial hypertension, demention. Mentioned diseases, alongside with a bone rarefication, are the most frequently occured in persons of advanced age. The given pathology is offered for defining(determining) as estrogen- deficiency diseases, calcium-scarcediseases. The definition of pathogenetic interrelation between metabolic infringements in postmenopause and the various somatic pathology arising during the given period of time still remains one of the actual problems. The purpose of the present research was studying frequency of occurrence, a degree of expressiveness of climacteric symptoms and extragenital diseases depending on level of MDBT at women with identical duration of estrogen deficiency conditions after the introduction in natural and surgical menopause. 120 women in the age of44-54 years old (mean age 52,50,4 y.o.) were examined and included in the 1st group of study, the Ilnd group consisted of 80 women after ovarioectomy in the age of 38-52 y.o. (mean age 46,22,3 y.o.). There were revealed that life quality of women who had entered in postmenopause after ovarioectomy was worse in comparison with life quality of women in natural postmenopause. The certain interrelation between degree of some climacteric symptoms expressiveness, intensity of painful syndrome in osteo-muscular system, prevalence of extragenitaldiseases and level of MDBT was revealed.

The Review of Instruments of Spirituality Measurement in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-23
Author(s):  
Michaela Pariľáková ◽  
Peter Babinčák
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Given ◽  
Age Studies ◽  
Child Age

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the present paper was to point out to the actual overview of tools used to measure spirituality in child age on the basis of an analysis of studies addressing the given issue included in the full-text database EBSCOa PsycINFO. Purpose: The analysed studies were selected according to the following criteria: a) age range of respondents 6-11 years, that means, younger school age (studies where age of respondents included upper limit of stated age range were also accepted), b) the study included the use of a specific instrument for measuring spirituality (or selected scales), c) the study included the assessment of the psychometric properties of the instruments, d) the study was not qualitative, that means, spirituality was not measured through interviews or open questions. Methods: Altogether, 15 research studies were analysed on the basis of which 8 instruments used for measuring spirituality in children were identified of which 3 tools (FGLL, Fisher, 2004; YSS, Sifers et al. 2012; SSSC, Stoyles et al. 2012) especially developed for use in child age (6-11 years) and 5 tools (SWBQ, Gomez & Fisher, 2003; RCOPE, Pargament et al. 2000; BMMRS, Fetzer Institute, 1999; SWBS, Ellison, 1983; FACIT-SP-12, Peterman et al. 2002) originally intended for work with the older population and used in the age group 11 years and over. The tools were subsequently described in terms of the theoretical structure, in terms of assessing the psychometric properties and assessing the quality of the tools and in terms of benefits or disadvantages when used with a child’s respondent. The theoretical bases of the instruments pointed out to the problem of the inconsistent and ambiguous definition of the spirituality construct, which is reflected in the different understanding of spirituality and its dimensions. Conclusion: The psychometric indicators of particular instruments were evaluated and scored on the basis of selected criteria. According to the assessment, the absence of retest reliability verification, verification of some types of validity and the size of the set of validation studies was found out. From the perspective of the appropriateness of the use of tools, some tools seem to be problematic in particular to understand the particular items and omitting factors (for example family, peers) playing an important role in the spirituality of children.

scholarly journals Dendrochronological research in an artificially established sessile oak stand in the area of Fruska Gora

2014 ◽  
pp. 149-168
Author(s):  
Branko Stajic ◽  
Milivoj Vuckovic ◽  
Zivan Janjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Common Signal ◽  
The Given ◽  
Variance Explained

This paper presents the first regional research of the chronologies of sessile oak trees and definition of the local (master) chronology of sessile oak in the area of Fruska Gora. In addition, the aim of this study is to determine the strength of the common signal in the growth of sessile oak and its dendroclimatological potential under the given conditions. The quality of the local series of radial increment (chronology) and the strength of the common and climatic signals were evaluated using the following parameters: average mean sensitivity, expressed population signal, signal-to-noise ratio and the variance explained by eigenvectors in the procedure of analysis of the principal components. The results have shown that the obtained master chronologies are of satisfactory quality and reliability, and that they contain a sufficient general common ?signal?, which is a characteristic of all analyzed trees that can be processed in all dendroclimatological analyses. It was concluded that, under the investigated site conditions, sessile oak showed low to medium sensitivity of reaction to the modifications of environmental conditions in the past 90 years.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Professional dilemmas for caregivers in Turkish home care settings in Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Basche
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Caregiver Relationship ◽  
International Nursing ◽  
Nursing Literature ◽  
Intercultural Care ◽  
The Given

While calling for culturally sensitive healthcare services in migrant communities, the international nursing literature on intercultural care predominantly describes nursing staff as lacking cultural competences and immigrant customers as lacking cleverness to navigate the labyrinths of national healthcare systems. Congruences in language, culture and religion in the customer-caregiver relationship can decisively improve the quality of care. However, they do not automatically guarantee smooth working processes in monocultural in-home settings. On the contrary, new problems occur here for Turkish caregivers which are unknown to the legions of native professionals who feel challenged by migrants and which go beyond differences such as age, sex, income or education. While no cultural or religious brokering is necessary between customers and personnel in the given context in Germany, new challenges arise when caregivers are expected to legally broker between customers and insurance companies or doctors. Conflicting expectations of customers and management as well as their own colliding social and professional roles put the caregivers in a quandary and must be competently managed.

The Influence Of The Led Luminaires Electrical Parameters On Their Correlated Colour Temperature During Operation Mode

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Sergei S. Kapitonov ◽  
Alexei S. Vinokurov ◽  
Sergei V. Prytkov ◽  
Sergei Yu. Grigorovich ◽  
Anastasia V. Kapitonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Radiation Spectra ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article describes the results of comprehensive study aiming at increase of quality of LED luminaires and definition of the nature of changes in their correlated colour temperature (CCT) in the course of operation. Dependences of CCT of LED luminaires with remote and close location of phosphor for 10 thousand hours of operation in different electric modes were obtained; the results of comparison between the initial and final radiation spectra of the luminaires are presented; using mathematical statistics methods, variation of luminaire CCT over the service period claimed by the manufacturer is forecast; the least favourable electric operation modes with the highest CCT variation observed are defined. The obtained results have confirmed availability of the problem of variation of CCT of LED luminaires during their operation. Possible way of its resolution is application of more qualitative and therefore expensive LEDs with close proximity of phosphor or LEDs with remote phosphor. The article may be interesting both for manufacturers and consumers of LED light sources and lighting devices using them.

MODIFIKASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION DENGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN TUGAS DAN PAKSA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Christy Restu Kinasih ◽  
Dewi Fatimah ◽  
Veranica Julianti
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Classroom Learning ◽  
Quality Of Learning ◽  
The Given

The selection and determination of appropriate learning strategies can improve the results to be obtained from the application of classroom learning models. This writing aims to discipline students to develop individual abilities of students to be more active in the learning process and improve the quality of learning. The learning process in Indonesia in general only uses conventional learning models that make students passive and undeveloped. In order for the quality of learning to increase, the Team Assisted Individualization learning model is combined with the task learning and forced strategies. The Team Assisted Individualization cooperative learning model is one of the cooperative learning models that combines learning individually and in groups. Meanwhile, task and forced learning strategies are strategies that focus on giving assignments that require students to complete them on time so that the learning process can run effectively. Students are required to do assignments according to the given deadline. This makes students become familiar with the tasks given by the teacher. Combining or modifying the learning model of the assisted individualization team with forced and forced learning strategies is expected to be able to make students more active, disciplined, independent, creative in learning and responsible for the tasks assigned. Therefore this method of incorporation is very necessary in the learning process and can be applied to improve the quality of learning in schools.

Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Wäfler ◽  
Rahel Gugerli ◽  
Giulio Nisoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Safety Science ◽  
Human Failure ◽  
The Given ◽  
Freedom Of Action

We all aim for safe processes. However, providing safety is a complex endeavour. What is it that makes a process safe? And what is the contribution of humans? It is very common to consider humans a risk factor prone to errors. Therefore, we implement sophisticated safety management systems (SMS) in order to prevent potential "human failure". These SMS provide an impressive increase of safety. In safety science this approach is labelled "Safety-I", and it starts to be questioned because humans do not show failures only. On the contrary, they often actively contribute to safety, sometimes even by deviating from a procedure. This "Safety-II" perspective considers humans to be a "safety factor" as well because of their ability to adjust behaviour to the given situation. However, adaptability requires scope of action and this is where Safety-I and Safety-II contradict each other. While the former restricts freedom of action, the latter requires room for manoeuvring. Thus, the task of integrating the Safety-II perspective into SMS, which are traditionally Safety-I based, is difficult. This challenge was the main objective of our project. We discovered two methods that contribute to the quality of SMS by integrating Safety-II into SMS without jeopardizing the Safety-I approach.

Assessment of multimorbidity of diseases in geriatric practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Mark Oprenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of the multimorbidity concept reveals insufficient specificity of the comorbidity and multimorbidity definitions and, as a result, confusion in the use of these terms. Most authors are unanimous that the “core” of multimorbidity is presence of more than one disease in a patient. These coexisting diseases can be pathogenetically interconnected and non-interconnected. Regardless, the degree of multimorbidity always affects prognosis and quality of life.

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